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Gedrite

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Big Photo

Skisshyttan (Schisshyttan), Väster Silvberg, Smedjebacken, Dalarna, Sweden
© Jorge M. Alves

Show Gedrite Photos (22)



Formula:
☐{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
The gedrite group are orthorhombic amphiboles in the magnesium-iron-manganese amphibole subgroup defined with A(Na+K+2Ca)<0.5 apfu and C(Al+Fe3++2Ti)>1 apfu

Gedrite is defined with Mg2+ as the dominant element both in the B and C2+ positions and Al in the C3+ position.
System:OrthorhombicColour:Pale greenish-grey to ...
Lustre:VitreousHardness:5½ - 6
Member of:Gedrite Group > Magnesium-iron-manganese Amphibole Subgroup > w(OH, F, Cl)-dominant Amphibole Group > Amphibole Supergroup
Name:Named after the type locality at Gèdres, Héas Valley, France


Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Gedrite. Currently in public beta-test.

Classification of Gedrite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.12-100
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DD.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
D : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Orthoamphiboles
Dana 8th edition ID:66.1.2.5

66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
1 : Amphiboles - Mg-Fe-Mn-Li subgroup
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.19.18

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
19 : Aluminosilicates of Fe and Mg
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Type Occurrence of Gedrite

Type Locality:Gèdres, Héas valley, Luz-Saint-Sauveur, Hautes-Pyrénées, Midi-Pyrénées, France
Year of Discovery:1836

Physical Properties of Gedrite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Pale greenish-grey to brown
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6

Crystallography of Gedrite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 18.59Å, b = 17.89Å, c = 5.3Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.039 : 1 : 0.296
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,762.65 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Gedrite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.671 nβ = 1.681 nγ = 1.690
2V:Measured: 75° , Calculated: 86°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.019

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r > v strong

Chemical Properties of Gedrite

Formula:
☐{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2


The gedrite group are orthorhombic amphiboles in the magnesium-iron-manganese amphibole subgroup defined with A(Na+K+2Ca)<0.5 apfu and C(Al+Fe3++2Ti)>1 apfu

Gedrite is defined with Mg2+ as the dominant element both in the B and C2+ positions and Al in the C3+ position.
Essential elements:Al, H, Mg, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, H, Mg, O, Si
Common Impurities:Mn,Ca,Ti,Na,K

Relationship of Gedrite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Anthophyllite (see here)
Member of:Gedrite Group > Magnesium-iron-manganese Amphibole Subgroup > w(OH, F, Cl)-dominant Amphibole Group > Amphibole Supergroup
Other Members of Group:

- +
Ferro-gedrite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.DD.05Ferro-anthophyllite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Ferro-gedrite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Holmquistite
☐{Li
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Proto-mangano-ferro-anthophyllite
☐{Mn
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Sodicanthophyllite
{Na}{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Sodic-ferro-anthophyllite
{Na}{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Sodic-ferrogedrite
{Na}{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Sodicgedrite
{Na}{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Ferro-holmquistite
☐{Li
 
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Proto-anthophyllite
☐{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
16.19.1Indialite
Mg
 
2
Al
 
3
(AlSi
 
5
O
 
18
)
16.19.2Cordierite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
Al
 
3
(AlSi
 
5
O
 
18
)
16.19.3Sekaninaite
(Fe,Mg)
 
2
Al
 
3
(AlSi
 
5
O
 
18
)
16.19.4Ferro-gedrite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
16.19.5Staurolite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Zn)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH,O)
 
2
16.19.6Chloritoid
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
16.19.7Amesite
Mg
 
2
Al(AlSiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
16.19.8Corundophilite
(Mg,Fe,Al)
 
6
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
8
16.19.9Yoderite
Mg(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
O(OH)
16.19.10Delessite
(Mg,Fe,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(O,OH)
 
8
16.19.11Ferrocarpholite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)(OH)
 
4
16.19.12Magnesiocarpholite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)(OH)
 
4
16.19.13Chamosite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
Al(AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
8
16.19.14Orthochamosite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Fe
3+
 
)
 
5
Al(AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH,O)
 
8
16.19.15Berthierine
(Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,AlMg)
 
2-3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
16.19.16Odinite
(Fe,Mg,Al,Fe,Ti,Mn)
 
2.4
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
16.19.17Clinochlore
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
Al(AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
8
16.19.19Magnesiogedrite
16.19.20Diabantite
(Mg,Fe,Al)
 
6
((Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
8
16.19.21Sudoite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Al
 
3
(AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
8
16.19.22Vermiculite
(Mg,Fe,Al)
 
3
((Al,Si)
 
4
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
16.19.23Corrensite
(Mg,Fe)
 
9
((Si,Al)
 
8
O
 
20
)(OH)
 
10
 · nH
 
2
O

Other Names for Gedrite

Synonyms:
Magnesiogedrite
Other Languages:
German:Bidalotit
Gedrit
Magnesiogedrit
Russian:Жедрит
Spanish:Bidalotita
Gedrita
Magnesiogedrita
Varieties:
BidalotiteSnarumite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Gedrite

Reference List:

- +
Mineralogical Record: 29: 169-174.

P. E. Champness and K. A. Rodgers (2000) The origin of iridescence in anthophyllite-gedrite from Simiuttat, Nuuk district, southern West Greenland. Mineralogical Magazine 64, 885-889.

Hawthorne, F. C. and Oberti, R. (2006) On the classification of amphiboles: Canadian Mineralogist 44, 1-21.

Schindler, M.; Sokolova, E.; Abdu, Y.; Hawthorne, F.C.; Evans, B.W.; Ishida, K. (2008) The crystal chemistry of the gedrite-group amphiboles. I. Crystal structure and site populations. Mineral. Mag., 72, 703-730.

Hawthorne, F.C.; Schindler, M.; Abdu, Y.; Sokolova, E.; Evans, B.W.; Ishida, K. (2008) The crystal chemistry of the gedrite-group amphiboles. II. Stereochemistry and chemical relations. Mineral. Mag., 72, 731-745.

Frank C. Hawthorne, Roberta Oberti, George E. Harlow, Walter V. Maresch, Robert F. Martin, John C. Schumacer, Mark D. Welch (2012): Nomenclature of the amphibole supergroup, American Mineralogist, Volume 97, pages 2031–2048

Internet Links for Gedrite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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    • Localities for Gedrite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Algeria
     
    • Tamanghasset Province
      • Ahaggar Mtn (Hoggar Mtn)
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry lost Mindat data).
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill District
          • Northern Section
    		Econ Geol (1993) 88:505-541
    • Queensland
      • Mount Isa - Cloncurry area
        • Cloncurry District
          • Roxmere Station
    		 2002. Rubenach, M. J. & Lewthwaite. Metasomatic albitites and related biotite rich schists from a low pressure polymetamorphic terrane, Snake Creek Anticline, Mount Isa Inlier, north-eastern Australia: microstructures and P-T-d paths. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 20, 191-202
    • Tasmania
      • Huon district
        • Weld river
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Rosebery district
    Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
    • Western Australia
      • Sandstone Shire
        • Youanmi
    		Lead, Zinc and Silver Deposits of Western Australia, 1999
    Botswana
     
    • North-East District
      • Francistown District
        • Selebi-Phikwe belt (Selbi-Pikwe)
    		Maier, W.D., Barnes, S.-J., Chinyepi, G., Barton, Jr., J.M., Eglington, B., and Setshedi, I. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 37-60.
    Brazil
     
    • Goiás
      • Sanclerlândia
    		Candia, M.A.F., and Gaspar, J.C. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 60, 27-40.
      • Uruaçu
    		Econ Geol (1986) 81:1884-1898
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
    		Bernier, Louis R., 1990, Vanadiferous Zincian-Chromian Hercynite in a Metamorphosed Basalt-Hosted Alteration Zone, Atik Lake, Manitoba, Canadian Mineralogist (1990) v. 28:57-50.
      • Snow Lake District
    		Calvert C. Bristol and Edgar Froese (1989) Highly metamorphosed altered rocks associated with the Osborne Lake volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit, Snow Lake area, Manitoba Can Mineral, 27:593-600
    • Ontario
      • Kenora District
        • Red Lake Gold District
          • Balmertown
    		Charles A. Tarnocai, Keiko Hattori, and Louis J. Cabri (1997) "Invisible" gold in sulfides from Campbell Mine, Red lake greenstone belt, Ontario; evidence for mineralization during the peak of metamorphism. Can Mineral 35:805-815
      • Thunder Bay District
    		Can Mineral February 1997 v. 35 no. 1 p. 105-118
    Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology Volume 101, Number 3 / March, 1989 Pages 350-360; Franklin, J M, Schnieders, B R, Koopman, E R (1991) Mineral Deposits in the western Superior Province, Ontario (Field Trip 9) Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 2164; Economic Geology April 1986 v. 81 no. 2 p. 323-342
    • Québec
      • Outaouais
        • Pontiac RCM
    		Econ Geol. (1990) 85:164-171
    China
     
    • Hebei Province
      • Baoding Prefecture
        • Fuping Co.
    		Guochun Zhao, Min Sun, Wilde, S.A., and Jinghui Guo (2004), In: Malpas, J., Fletcher, C.J.N., Ali, J.R., and Aitchison, J.C. (eds.): Aspects of the Tectonic Evolution of China. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 226, pp. 27-55
    • Shanxi Province
      • Xinzhou Prefecture
        • Dai Co.
          • Yanmenguan
    		Songnian Lu, Huaikun Li, and Yongqing Tian (2003): Geological Survey and Research 26(1), 15-20
    Finland
     
    • Eastern Finland Region
    		Grew, E.S., Pertsev, N.N., Vrána, S., Yates, M.G., Shearer, C.K., and Wiedenbeck, M. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 22-38.
    • Southwestern Finland Region
      • Salo
        • Perniö
    		http://www.gsf.fi/explor/zinc/traskbole.htm
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Haute-Loire
        • Auzon
          • Azérat
    		Bull. Minéral. , 1987, 110, pp. 359-371.
        • Brioude
          • Paulhac
    		P.G. Pélisson : "Etude Minéralogique et Métallogénique du District Filonien Polytype de Paulhaguet (Haute-Loire, Massif Central Français)", Doctorate Thesis, Orléans, France, 1989 ; F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites Serpentinisées en France", Fascicule IV, BRGM, 1964
          • Vieille-Brioude
    		P.G. Pélisson : "Etude Minéralogique et Métallogénique du District Filonien Polytype de Paulhaguet (Haute-Loire, Massif Central Français)", Doctorate Thesis, Orléans, France, 1989
        • Lavoûte-Chilhac
          • Saint-Cirgues
    		F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites Serpentinisées en France", Fascicule 4 Haut- Allier, BRGM, 1964
    F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites Serpentinisées en France, Groupe I, Fascicule IV, Bassin du Haut Allier", BRGM, 1964
          • Villeneuve d'Allier
    		F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites Serpentinisées en France, Groupe I, Fascicule IV, Bassin du Haut Allier", BRGM, 1964
    F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites Serpentinisées en France, Groupe I, Fascicule IV, Bassin du Haut Allier", BRGM, 1964
    F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites Serpentinisées en France, Groupe I, Fascicule IV, Bassin du Haut Allier", BRGM, 1964
        • Lubilhac
    		P.G. Pélisson : "Etude Minéralogique et Métallogénique du District Filonien Polytype de Paulhaguet (Haute-Loire, Massif Central Français)", Doctorate Thesis, Orléans, France, 1989 ; F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites Serpentinisées de France", Fascicule IV, BRGM, 1964
        • Paulhaguet
          • Salzuit
        • Pinols
          • Desges
    		P.G. Pélisson : "Etude Minéralogique et Métallogénique du District Filonien Polytype de Paulhaguet (Haute-Loire, Massif Central Français)", Doctorate Thesis, Orléans, France, 1989
        • Saugues
          • Venteuges
            • La Bastide
    		P.G. Pélisson : "Etude Minéralogique et Métallogénique du District Filonien Polytype de Paulhaguet (Haute-Loire, Massif Central Français)", Doctorate Thesis, Orléans, France, 1989
        • Torsiac
          • Lanau
    		F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites Serpentinisées en France, Groupe I, Fascicule IV, Bassin du Haut Allier", BRGM, 1964
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Aveyron
        • Decazeville
          • Almont-les-Junies
    		R. Pierrot, R. Pulou, P. Picot : "Inventaire Minéralogique de la France N° 7 : Aveyron", BRGM, 1977
      • Hautes-Pyrénées
        • Luz-Saint-Sauveur
          • Héas valley
    		AM 63 (1978), 1023
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Elz valley
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz
        • Bad Harzburg
          • Schmalenberg cliff
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Nuuk (Godthåb)
    		Petersen, O. V. & Secher, K. (1993): The Minerals of Greenland. Mineralogical Record 24 (2): 1-67
          • Bjørnesund
    		Friend, C,R.L. (1982): A1-Cr substitution in peraluminous sapphirines
    Boeggild, O.B. (1953): The Mineralogy of Greenland, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn; Mineralogical Magazine 1987 51 : 695-708.
    Ackermand, D., Windley, B.F., Herd R.K. (1983): Magnesian Högbomite in a Sapphirine-bearing rock from the Fiskenaesset region, W. Greenland, Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 47, 555-561
    Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 937-947; P. E. Champness and K. A. Rodgers (2000): The origin of iridescence in anthophyllite-gedrite from Simiuttat, Nuuk district, southern West Greenland. Mineralogical Magazine 64, 885-889.
    India
     
    • Karnataka
      • Tumkur District
        • Koratagere Taluk
    		[var: Bidalotite] B. Rama Rao and L. Rama Rao (1937) Proceedings: Plant Sciences, 5, #6.
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Cuneo Province
    		[MinRec 27:303]
          • Varaita Valley
            • Brossasco
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Léssolo
            • Cálea
    		Le miniere di Brosso (2001)-Italo Campostrini- ed. Museo Regionale Torino
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Tottori Prefecture
          • Hino-gun
            • Nichinan-cho
    		Alfredo Petrov - unpublished
    • Shikoku Island
      • Ehime Prefecture
        • Shikokuchuo City
          • Doi
    Madagascar
     
    • Antananarivo Province
      • Vakinankaratra Region
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
    Norway
     
    • Akershus
      • Nesodden
        • Nesoddtangen
    • Aust-Agder
      • Froland
    		D.Visser; The metamorphic evolution of the bamble sector, south Norway, Geologica Ultraiectina No.103, University of Utrecht, Netherlands. 1993
      • Tvedestrand
    		Kihle, 1989: Polymetamorphic Evolution of the Cordierite-bearing metapelites of Bamble-sector, SE Norway. Thesis, Univ. Oslo
        • Snaresund
    		Touret, J. & De La Roche, H. (1971): Contribution to the mineralogy of Norway , No. 45. Saphirine à Snaresund, prés de Tvedestrand (Norvége Méridionale). Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 51, 170-175
    • Buskerud
      • Modum
        • Skuterud Mines (Skutterud Mines; Modum Cobalt Mines)
    		Norges geologiske undersøkelse.Malmdatabasen. Skuterud Mellomgruver. Forekomst nr.21 i Modum (0623) kommune
    • Nordland
      • Hemnes
        • Bleikvassli
    		Rosenberg, J.L., Spry, P.G., Jacobson, C.E., and Vokes, F.M. (2000): The effects of sulfidation and oxidation during metamorphism on compositionally varied rocks adjacent to the Bleikvassli Zn-Pb-(Cu) deposit, Nordland, Norway. Mineralium Deposita 35, 714-726.
    • Telemark
    		Van King
    Wilke, H.-J. (1976): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 4: Skandinavien. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, p. 73-74
    Russia
     
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Magadanskaya Oblast'
        • Kolyma River Basin
          • Ducat District
            • Omsukchan
    		Filimonova, L.G., and Trubkin, N.V. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(2), 135-144.
    • Northern Region
      • Karelia Republic
        • Northern Karelia
    		Nikolay Serebryakov data
          • Loukhi
            • Tedino
              • Dyadino lake
    		P.M. Kartashov data
    - Yu.A.Kozhevnikov (2010) Samotsvetnye tropy,Moscow,Mir Samotcvetov, 56p (in Rus.)
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
    		Contrib Mineral Petrol (1985) 91 : 369 382
    Contrib Mineral Petrol (1985) 91 : 369 382
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Girona (Gerona)
        • Alt Empordà
          • Cadaqués
    		Bareche, E. (2005) "Els minerals de Catalunya. Segle XX" Ed. Museu Mollfulleda de Mineralogia - Grup Mineralògic Català, 269 p.
    • Galicia
      • A Coruña (La Coruña)
        • Santiago de Compostela
          • Aríns
    		Pascual, E; Estévez, A. (1981) Estudio geológico del yacimiento de Fornás (Santiago). Cuaderno do Laboratorio Xeolóxico de Laxe 2 (vol II):191-211
    Sri Lanka
     
    • Central Province
    		Journal of Petrology, Volume 40, Issue 8: August 1999
    Sweden
     
    • Dalarna
      • Hedemora
        • Garpenberg
    		Öhman, L., F. Grensman (2000): Garpenberg (Södra). Litofilen, 17, 29-38
      • Ludvika
        • Grängesberg
      • Rättvik
    		No reference listed
      • Smedjebacken
    		No reference listed
    Wilke, H.-J. (1976): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 4: Skandinavien. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 370 pp. (p.209)
    33 IGC excursion No 12, August 14 – 20, 2008
    • Hälsingland
      • Ljusdal
    		No reference listed
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
        • Gåsborn
    		American Mineralogist (1989) 74 (5-6), 573-585
    Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
        • Nordmark district
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    No reference listed
        • Persberg district
    • Västmanland
      • Ljusnarsberg
        • Kopparberg
    		No reference listed
      • Nora
      • Norberg
    No reference listed
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Riviera
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 179.
    Tajikistan
     
    • Viloyati Mukhtori Gorno-Badakhshan (Viloyati Badakhshoni Kuni)
      • Pamir Mts
        • Pyandzh River Valley
    		Grew, E.S., Pertsev, N.N., Vrána, S., Yates, M.G., Shearer, C.K., and Wiedenbeck, M. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 22-38.
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • North West Highlands (Inverness-shire)
        • Drumnadrochit
    		BMS Database
    BMS Database
    [Specimen in the Natural History Museum, London]
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Santa Cruz Co.
        • Patagonia Mts
          • Patagonia District
    		Schrader, F.C. and J.M. Hill (1915), Mineral deposits of the Santa Rita and Patagonia Mountains, AZ, USGS Bull. 582: 328.
              • Nash Mines group (Duquesne-Washington group)
    		Schrader, F.C. & J.M. Hill (1915), Mineral deposits of the Santa Rita and Patagonia Mountains, Arizona, USGS Bull. 582: 334.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 230; Schrader, F.C. and J.M. Hill (1915), Mineral deposits of the Santa Rita and Patagonia Mountains, AZ, USGS Bull. 582; Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 91.
    • Colorado
      • Boulder Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Chaffee Co.
        • Monarch District
    		The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43, pp. 601-622 (2005)
        • Sedalia District
    		("Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997)
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Clear Creek Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Gilpin Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Gunnison Co.
    		Journal of Petrology (1991) 32:6 Pages 1169-1201
      • Jefferson Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Morrison Area
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Haddam
    		Lundgren, Lawrence, Jr. (1979): THE BEDROCK GEOLOGY OF THE HADDAM QUADRANGLE. State Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut. Quadrangle Report No. 37, pages 9-13.
    - Lundgren, Lawrence, Jr. (1979): THE BEDROCK GEOLOGY OF THE HADDAM QUADRANGLE. State Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut. Quadrangle Report No. 37
    • Georgia
      • Douglas Co.
        • Villa Rica
    		Rocks & Min.: 64:194.
      • Rabun Co.
    		American Mineralogist, Volume 72, pages 1086-1096, 1987
    • Idaho
      • Clearwater Co.
        • Orofino District
    		Hietanen, Anna, 1959, Kyanite-Garnet Gedritite near Orofino, Idaho, American Mineralogist, 44: 539-564.
    • Maine
      • Cumberland Co.
        • Harpswell
    		www.maine.gov/doc/nrimc/mgs/explore/bedrock/b42/harpswell.htm
    www.maine.gov/doc/nrimc/mgs/explore/bedrock/b42/harpswell.htm
      • Oxford Co.
        • Grafton
    		King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, Vol.1, p.29.
    • Massachusetts
      • Essex Co.
    		Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities
      • Franklin Co.
    		Emerson, B. K. (1895): A Mineralogical Lexicon of Franklin, Hampshire, and Hampden Counties, Massachusetts (USGS Bulletin 126).
      • Hampshire Co.
    		Emerson, 1917. Geology of Mass. & Rhode Island, p.71-2
    • Montana
      • Beaverhead Co.
        • Ruby Range
    		Gobla, M.J. (2012) Montana mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 87, #3, 208-240.
    • Nevada
      • Clark Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Hampshire
    		http://kilburn.keene.edu/Research/WestCentralNH/
    Schumacher and Robinson, 1987: Journal of Petrology 28 (6):1033-1073
      • Grafton Co.
        • Lisbon
    		P Cristofono collection
    • North Carolina
      • Buncombe Co.
    		No reference listed
    Wilson,W.F and McKenzie,B.J,1978,Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina,Information Circular 24
    J.J Papike and Malcolm Ross,1970,Gedrites:Crystal Structures And Intra-Crystalline Cations Distribution:The American Mineralogist,Vol.55,Nov-Dec,1970
    Self Collected Bruce Osborne
    • Vermont
      • Windsor Co.
    		Rocks & Min. Vol. 71, (1996)
          • Mt Cube Quadrangle
    		Spear, Frank, 1982. in Journal of Petrology 23(3):383-426
    • Virginia
      • Floyd Co.
        • Floyd
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    • Wisconsin
      • Jackson Co.
    		Kimball, Karen, 1979, "Co-existing amphiboles at Black River Falls, Wisconsin", Abst. 25th Annual Institute on Lake Superior Geology, Duluth, U of M-Duluth, p. 22-23.
      • Oconto Co.
    		R&M 73:11-12 pp 378-399 Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Zambezi Belt
    		 J. Petrology (2002) 43 (2): 271-290.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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