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Gehlenite

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Big Photo

Monzoni Mts, Fassa Valley, Trento Province, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy
© D.Respino

Show Gehlenite Photos (28)



Formula:
Ca
 
2
Al(AlSiO
 
7
)
System:TetragonalColour:yellow-brown, ...
Hardness:5 - 6
Member of:Melilite Group
Name:
After the German chemist, Adolf Ferdinand Gehlen (1775-1815).


Gehlenite-Åkermanite Series.

Classification of Gehlenite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/C.02-15
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.BB.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
B : Si2O7 groups, without non-tetrahedral anions; cations in tetrahedral [4] and greater coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:55.4.1.2

55 : SOROSILICATES Si2O7 Groups,Generally with no Additional Anions
4 : Si2O7 Groups, Generally with No Additional Anions with cations in [8] and lower coordination
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.9.1

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
9 : Aluminosilicates of Ca
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Type Occurrence of Gehlenite

Type Locality:Monzoni Mts, Fassa Valley, Trento Province, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy
Year of Discovery:1815

Physical Properties of Gehlenite

Lustre:Vitreous, Greasy
Colour:yellow-brown, colourless, greenish grey
Streak:white, grey-white
Hardness (Mohs):5 - 6
Cleavage:Distinct/Good

Crystallography of Gehlenite

Crystal System:Tetragonal
Class (H-M):4 2m - Scalenohedral
Space Group:P4 21m
Cell Parameters:a = 7.6850(4) Å, c = 5.0636(3) Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 0.659
Unit Cell Volume:V 299.05 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Comment:Synthetic material.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
3.066 (43)
2.848 (100)
2.738 (32)
2.437 (38)
1.921 (64)
1.818 (75)
1.768 (36)

Optical Data of Gehlenite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.670 nε = 1.660
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.010

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate

Chemical Properties of Gehlenite

Formula:
Ca
 
2
Al(AlSiO
 
7
)
Essential elements:Al, Ca, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ca, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Fe,Mg,Mn,Na,K

Relationship of Gehlenite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Åkermanite (see here)
Member of:Melilite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Åkermanite
Ca
 
2
Mg(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
Alumoåkermanite
(Ca,Na)
 
2
(Al,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
Gugiaite
Ca
 
2
Be(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
Hardystonite
Ca
 
2
Zn(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
Okayamalite
Ca
 
2
B(BSiO
 
7
)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.BB.10Åkermanite
Ca
 
2
Mg(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
9.BB.10Cebollite
Ca
 
5
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
9.BB.10Gugiaite
Ca
 
2
Be(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
9.BB.10Hardystonite
Ca
 
2
Zn(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
9.BB.10Jeffreyite
(Ca,Na)
 
2
(Be,Al)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
,HSi
 
2
O
 
7
)
9.BB.10Okayamalite
Ca
 
2
B(BSiO
 
7
)
9.BB.10Alumoåkermanite
(Ca,Na)
 
2
(Al,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
9.BB.15Barylite
Be
 
2
Ba(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
9.BB.15Clinobarylite
Be
 
2
Ba(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
9.BB.20Andrémeyerite
Fe
2+
2
Ba(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
16.9.2Anorthite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
16.9.3Yoshiokaite
(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)O
 
4
]
16.9.4Svyatoslavite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
16.9.5Dmisteinbergite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
16.9.6Grossular
Ca
 
3
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
16.9.7Vuagnatite
CaAl(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
16.9.8Zoisite
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
16.9.9Clinozoisite
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
16.9.10Prehnite
Ca
 
2
Al
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
12
(OH)
16.9.11Kamaishilite
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
2
SiO
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
16.9.12Bicchulite
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
2
SiO
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
16.9.13Margarite
CaAl
 
2
(Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
16.9.14Chantalite
CaAl
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
16.9.15Cebollite
Ca
 
5
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
16.9.17Katoite
Ca
 
3
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3-x
(OH)
 
4x
16.9.18Lawsonite
CaAl
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
16.9.19Parthéite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
 · 2H
 
2
O
16.9.20Wairakite
Ca(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O
16.9.21Vertumnite
Ca
 
4
Al
 
4
Si
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
24
 · 3H
 
2
O
16.9.22Scolecite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
16.9.23Laumontite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
 · 4H
 
2
O
16.9.24Yugawaralite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
16.9.25Gismondine-Ca
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
 · 4H
 
2
O
16.9.26Epistilbite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 5H
 
2
O
16.9.27Goosecreekite
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
] · 5H
 
2
O
16.9.28Cowlesite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
 · 6H
 
2
O
16.9.30Stellerite
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
18
] · 7H
 
2
O
16.9.31Strätlingite
Ca
 
2
Al
 
2
SiO
 
7
 · 8H
 
2
O
16.9.32Amstallite
CaAl(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
8
(OH)
 
4
 · (H
 
2
O,Cl)

Other Names for Gehlenite

Synonyms:
Velardenite
Other Languages:
German:Adiaphanspat
Gehlenit
Russian:Геленит
Spanish:Gehlenita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Gehlenite

Reference List:

- +
Christie, O.H.J. (1961) On sub-solidus relations of silicates; IV. The system åkermanite-sodium-gehlenite and gehlenite-sodium-gehlenite. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift: 42: 31-44.

Louisnathan, S.J. (1971), Refinement of the crystal structure of a natural gehlenite, Ca2Al(Al,Si)2O7: Canadian Mineralogist: 10: 822-837.

Hemingway, B.S. and Robie, R.A. (1984) Heat capacity and thermodynamic functions for gehlenite and staurolite: with comments on the Schottky anomaly in the heat capacity of staurolite. American Mineralogist: 69: 307-318.

Bouhifd, M.A., Gruener, G., Mysen, B.O., and Richet, P. (2002) Premelting and calcium mobility in gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7) and parawollastonite (CaSiO3). Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 29: 655-662.

Internet Links for Gehlenite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Gehlenite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Gehlenite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Leigh Creek
    		Baker, G. (1953): Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 76, 1-20.
    Austria
     
    • Burgenland
      • Oberpullendorf
        • Kobersdorf
          • Pauliberg
    		U. Kolitsch, W. Postl, H.-P. Bojar and W. Trattner (2009): Die Mineralvorkommen im Basalt des Pauliberges. In: Autorenkollektiv (Red. M. A. Götzinger und P. Huber) (2009): Die Mineralien des Burgenlandes - Geologie, Mineralogie und mineralische Rohstoffe. – Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus dem Burgenland, Band 126, Amt der Burgenländischen Landesregierung, Abteilung 7 - Landesmuseum, Eisenstadt, 83-99.
    • Styria
      • Bad Radkersburg
        • Klöch
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Montréal
    		Dolan (1923)
    China
     
    • Anhui Province
      • Huaibei Prefecture
        • Suixi Co.
          • Sanpu ore field
    		Yiming Zhao, Yinan Zhang, and Chengsi Bi (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 14, 227-249.
    • Tibet Autonomous Region
      • Shannan (Lhokha; Lhoka) Prefecture
        • Qusum (Qusong) Co.
    		Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg)
          • Poličany
            • Vrchlice river valley
    		Pauliš P. Mineralogické lokality okolí Kutné Hory. Kuttna, Kutná Hora 1999. ISBN 80-902719-0-1.
      • Ústí Region
        • Duchcov (Dux)
    		Žáček V., Skála R., Chlupáčová M., Dvořák Z. 2005: Ca-Fe3+-rich, Si-undersaturated buchite from Želénky, North-Bohemian Brown Coal Basin, Czech Republic. Eur. J. Mineral., 17, 623-633
    Germany
     
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz
        • Bad Harzburg
    		No reference listed
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel
        • Daun
          • Üdersdorf
    		Schüller, W., Betz, V., Die Mineralien vom Emmelberg, Lapis 12/1986
        • Laach lake volcanic complex
          • Wassenach
    		Hentschel, G., (1987): Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag, München (second edition)
        • Mayen
          • Ettringen
            • Bellerberg volcano
    		Hentschel, G. (1987): Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise (München), 2. Auflage
              • Southern lava flow
                • Mayener Feld
    		Fischer, R.X. Tillmanns, E. (1983): Die Kristallstrukturen von natürlichem Na2Ca2Si3O9 vom Mt. Shaheru (Zaire) und aus dem Mayener Feld (Eifel), N. Jb. Mineral. Mh. 49-59
              • Western lava flow
    		Hentschel, G. (1961): Seltene Mineralneubildungen in einem Kalksteineinschluß der Lava des Ettringer Bellerberges, Fortschritte Mineralogie, Vol. 39, 345
        • Mendig
          • Niedermendig
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
        • Polch
          • Ochtendung
    		Blass, G., Graf , HW., Die Wannenköpfe bei Ochtendung in der Vulkaneifel und ihre Mineralien, MW 6/1999
    Hungary
     
    • Pest Co.
      • Pilis Mts.
        • Pomáz
    		Fehér, B. (2000): Gehlenitic xenoliths from the Klanác Hill, Pomáz, Visegrád Mountains, Hungary. Acta Mineralogica-Petrographica (Szeged), XLI, Suppl., 39.
    Iran
     
    • East Azarbaijan Province (East Azerbaijan Province)
      • Ahar County
        • Ahar
    		Mollai, H., Sharma, R., and Pe-Piper, G. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 401-414.
    Israel
     
    • Negev
    		Sharygin, V.V., Sokol, E.V. & Vapnik, Ye. (2008): Minerals of the pseudobinary perovskite-brownmillerite series from combustion metamorphic larnite rocks of the Hatrurim Formation (Israel). Russian Geology and Geophysics 49, 709-726.
    Gross, S. (1977): The Mineralogy of the Hatrurim Formation, Israel. Geological Survey of Israel, Bulletin no. 70, 80 pp.
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    		[Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23,58]
            • Pollena - Trocchia area
    		Russo, M. & Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio. AMI, Ed., Cremona, Italy, 320 pp.
    • Latium
      • Rome Province
        • Bracciano Lake
    		Schingaro, E. et al. (2001): Crystal chemistry of Kimzeyite from Anguillara, Mts. Sabatini, Italy, European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 13, 749-759
        • Rome
          • Valleranello
        • Sacrofano Caldera
          • Magliano Romano
    		Stoppani, F.S. & Curti, E. (1982): I minerali del Lazio. Editoriale Olimpia, Firenze, 291 pp.
          • Sacrofano
        • Trevignano Romano
    		Gresta, S., Duronio, F., Mancinella D. (2002): Geositi e Sistema delle Aree Protette del Lazio: idee per la geoconservazione. Il Cercapietre. Not. del Gruppo Mineralogico Romano, 1-2: 48-55
      • Viterbo Province
        • Montalto di Castro
          • Pietra Massa Locality
    		Passaglia, E. & Turconi, B. (1982): Silicati ed altri minerali di Montalto di Castro - VT. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1982, 97-110.
    Lapis 28(12), 19-28 (2003)
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Chiusella Valley
            • Traversella
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Sardinia
      • Medio Campidano Province
        • Arbus
    		Preite, D., & Zuanel, A. (2007). Montevecchio: storia, miniere e minerali. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 31 (4), 230-246.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Fassa Valley
    		J. N. Fuchs (1815) J. Phys. Chem. (Schweigger), 15, 377
    De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
        • Fiemme Valley
          • Predazzo
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Pitigliano
    		Liotti L., 1991. I minerali dei vulcani laziali a Pitigliano (Grosseto). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 15: 121-139.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Hiroshima prefecture
          • Hiba-gun
    		Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
        • Okayama Prefecture
          • Takahashi City
            • Bitchu-cho (Bicchu-cho)
    		Mineralogical Record: 27: 304.; Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences Vol. 99 (2004) , No. 2 April 67-71
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
    		Matsuyama, F. (2001)
        • Iwate Prefecture
          • Esashi City
    		Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
          • Kamaishi City
    		Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Mexico
     
    • Coahuila
      • Mun. de Sierra Mojada
        • Sierra Mojada
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1964 33 : 841-852
    • Durango
      • Mun. de Cuencamé
        • Velardeña District
          • Velardeña
    		Panczner (1987): 206.
    Morocco
     
    • Meknès-Tafilalet Region
      • Er Rachidia Province
        • Erfoud (Erfud)
          • Rissani
    		Caltech, photomicrograph by Chi Ma.
    New Zealand
     
    • North Island
      • Northland
        • Kaipara
    		Mason, B. (1957): Larnite, scawtite, and hydrogrossular from Tokatoka, New Zealand. American Mineralogist 42, 379-392.
    Outer Space
     
    Gornitz, V. (2007) Hot & cold origins: the mineralogy of a comet. Mineral News, 23, #1, 1-4.
    Romania
     
    • Caras-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Oraviţa-Ciclova Cu-Mo-(W) ore field
    		Ştefan Marincea, Delia-Georgeta Dumitraş, Cristina Ghineţ, André-Mathieu Fransolet, Frédéric Hatert, and Mélanie Rondeaux (2011) GEHLENITE FROM THREE OCCURRENCES OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SKARNS, ROMANIA: NEW MINERALOGICAL DATA. Canadian Mineralogist, 49:1001-1014.
    Ştefan Marincea, Delia-Georgeta Dumitraş, Cristina Ghineţ, André-Mathieu Fransolet, Frédéric Hatert, and Mélanie Rondeaux (2011) GEHLENITE FROM THREE OCCURRENCES OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SKARNS, ROMANIA: NEW MINERALOGICAL DATA. Canadian Mineralogist, 49:1001-1014.
    • Harghita Co.
      • Odorheiu Secuiesc (Székelyudvarhely; Oderhellen)
        • Racoş (Racoşu de Jos)
    		Szakáll, S., Almási, E., Köllı, A., Sajó, I., Vezzalini, G. (2006): New data about the minerals of the copper ore deposit at Balan (East Carpathians) and of limestone xenolithes from basalt at Racosu de Jos (Persani Mts.), Romania. Acta Mineral.-Petrogr., Abstr. Ser. 5, p. 112. [http://www.mineral.hermuz.hu/acta_05/pdf/szakalls1.pdf]; Szakáll, S. & Kristály, F., Eds. (2010): Mineralogy of Székelyland, Eastern Transylvania, Romania. Csík County Nature and Conservation Society, Miercurea-Ciuc, Romania, 321 pp.
    • Hunedoara Co.
      • Hunedoara
    		Canadian Mineralogist: 39: 1435-1453.
    Ştefan Marincea, Delia-Georgeta Dumitraş, Cristina Ghineţ, André-Mathieu Fransolet, Frédéric Hatert, and Mélanie Rondeaux (2011) GEHLENITE FROM THREE OCCURRENCES OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SKARNS, ROMANIA: NEW MINERALOGICAL DATA. Canadian Mineralogist, 49, 1001-1014.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Narin-Kunta
    		P.M. Kartashov data; Armbruster, T., Lazic, B., Gfeller, F., Galuskin, E.V., Galuskina, I.O., Savelyeva, V.B., Zadov, A.E., Pertsev, N.N., Dzierżanowski, P. (2011): Chlorine content and crystal chemistry of dellaite from the Birkhin gabbro massif, Eastern Siberia, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 75, 379-394.
    Sweden
     
    • Medelpad
      • Timrå
    		Sandström, F., Binett, T., Wiklund, C. & Vikström, J. (2010): Alnöområdets geologi och mineralogi. Litiofilen. 27 (2) :14-42
    Uganda
     
    • Kabarole District
    		Barker, D.S. and Nixon, P.H. (1989) High-Ca, low-alkali carbonatite volcanism at Fort Portal, Uganda. Contributions to Minralogy and Petrology.: 103: 166-177.
    UK
     
    • Northern Ireland
      • Co. Antrim
        • Glenoe
        • Larne
    		American Mineralogist: 33: 786
    • Scotland
      • North West Highlands (Inverness-shire)
        • Isle of Muck
    		Tilley, C.E. (1947) The gabbro-limestone contact zone of Camas Mor, Muck, Inverness-shire. Comptes Rendus de la Société geologique de Finlande, No. 140, 97–105.
    USA
     
    • California
      • Inyo Co.
        • Darwin District
          • Darwin
    		Am Min (1962) 47:1003-1005
        • Death Valley National Park
          • Panamint Mts (Panamint Range)
            • Ubehebe District
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 259.
      • Riverside Co.
        • Crestmore
          • Crestmore quarries
            • Sky Blue Hill
    		Larsen, Esper Signius & William F. Foshag (1921), Merwinite, a new calcium magnesium orthosilicate from Crestmore, California: American Mineralogist:6: 144; Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmorre, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381; Woodford, A.O. (1943), Crestmore minerals: California Division Mines Report 39: 358; Burnham, C. W. (1959), Contact metamorphism of magnesian limestones at Crestmore, California Geological Society of America Bulletin: 70: 880; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 494.
    Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381.
    Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmorre, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381.
    Shannon, Earl Victor (1922), Velarsenite from a new locality in Tulare County, California: US National Museum Proceedings: 60, art. 22, 4 pp.:
    • Colorado
      • Gunnison Co.
        • White Earth District (Powderhorn District)
    • New Mexico
      • Luna Co.
        • Camel Mountain-Eagle Nest District
    		NMBGMR Open-file Report OF-459
    Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. ed., 1996
    • Texas
      • Culberson Co.
        • Apache Peak area
    		Rocks & Minerals: 66(3): 196-224.
      • Uvalde Co.
    • Virginia
      • Highland Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    • Wyoming
      • Campbell Co.
        • Reno Junction
    		American Mineralogist, Volume 73, pages 1440-1448, 1988
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