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Geikielite

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Big Photo

San Vito quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Monte Somma, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
© D. Preite

Show Geikielite Photos (36)



Formula:
MgTiO
 
3
System:TrigonalColour:black, red, brownish ...
Hardness:5 - 6
Member of:Ilmenite Group
Name:
For Sir Archibald Geikie (1835-1924), Professor of Geology and Mineralogy in the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, and Director-General of the Geological Survey of Great Britain and Ireland


Ilmenite Group. Geikielite-Ilmenite Series. The magnesium analogue of Ilmenite, Pyrophanite, and Ecandrewsite. The titanium analogue of Akimotoite.

Classification of Geikielite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/C.05-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.CB.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
B : With medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:4.3.5.2

4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
3 : A2X3
Hey's CIM Ref.:7.9.5

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
9 : Oxides of Ti
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Type Occurrence of Geikielite

Type Locality:Rakwana, Ratnapura District, Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Naturalk History Museum, London 69078-69079
Year of Discovery:1892

Occurrences of Geikielite

Geological Setting:Contact metamorphism of impure magnesian limestones.

Physical Properties of Geikielite

Lustre:Sub-Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent, Opaque
Colour:black, red, brownish black
Streak:purple brown
Hardness (Mohs):5 - 6
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On {1011}
Fracture:Conchoidal, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):3.79 - 4.2 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.895 g/cm3

Crystallography of Geikielite

Crystal System:Trigonal
Class (H-M):3 - Pyramidal
Space Group:R3
Cell Parameters:a = 5.05478(26) Å, c = 13.8992(7) Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 2.75
Unit Cell Volume:V 307.56 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:6
Morphology:Tabular to prismatic crystals.

Optical Data of Geikielite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 2.310 - 2.350 nε = 1.950 - 1.980
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.360 - 0.370

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Anisotropism:Strong
Colour in reflected light:Gray
Internal Reflections:Red
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:O = Pinkish red
E = Brownish to purplish red

Chemical Properties of Geikielite

Formula:
MgTiO
 
3
Essential elements:Mg, O, Ti
All elements listed in formula:Mg, O, Ti
Common Impurities:Fe,Cr,Mn,Ca

Relationship of Geikielite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Ilmenite (see here)
Member of:Ilmenite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Ecandrewsite
(Zn,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)TiO
 
3
Ilmenite
Fe
2+
 
TiO
 
3
Pyrophanite
Mn
2+
 
TiO
 
3
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.CB.05Brizziite
NaSb
5+
 
O
 
3
4.CB.05Corundum
Al
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.05Ecandrewsite
(Zn,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)TiO
 
3
4.CB.05Eskolaite
Cr
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.05Hematite
Fe
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.05Ilmenite
Fe
2+
 
TiO
 
3
4.CB.05Karelianite
V
3+
2
O
 
3
4.CB.05Melanostibite
Mn
2+
 
(Sb
5+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)O
 
3
4.CB.05Pyrophanite
Mn
2+
 
TiO
 
3
4.CB.05Akimotoite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)SiO
 
3
4.CB.05Auroantimonate
AuSbO
 
3
4.CB.05Romanite
(◻,Pb,Ca)UFe
2+
2
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
6
Ti
 
12
O
 
38
4.CB.05UM1998-11-O-AuHSb
Au
+
2
Sb
3+
 
O
 
2
(OH)
4.CB.05Tistarite
Ti
3+
2
O
 
3
4.CB.10Avicennite
Tl
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.10Bixbyite
(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.15Armalcolite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)Ti
 
2
O
 
5
4.CB.15Pseudobrookite
Fe
 
2
TiO
 
5
4.CB.15Mongshanite
(Mg,Cr,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(Ti,Zr)
 
5
O
 
12
4.CB.20Zincohögbomite-2N2S
[(Zn,Al,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(Al,Fe
3+
 
,Ti)
 
8
O
 
15
(OH)]
 
2
4.CB.20Zincohögbomite-2N6S
[(Zn,Mg)
 
7
(Al,Fe
3+
 
,Ti)
 
16
O
 
31
(OH)]
 
2
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S
[(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(Al,Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
8
O
 
15
(OH)]
 
6
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S
[(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Zn)
 
4
(Al,Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
10
O
 
19
(OH)]
 
2
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-2N2S
[(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
[Al
 
7
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)]O
 
15
(OH)]
 
2
4.CB.20Ferrohögbomite-6N12S
[(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Zn)
 
5
(Al,Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
12
O
 
23
(OH)]
 
6
4.CB.25Pseudorutile
Fe
 
2
Ti
 
3
O
 
9
4.CB.25Kleberite
FeTi
 
6
O
 
11
(OH)
 
5
4.CB.30Berdesinskiite
V
3+
2
TiO
 
5
4.CB.30Oxyvanite
V
3+
2
V
4+
 
O
 
5
4.CB.35Olkhonskite
(Cr,V)
 
2
Ti
 
3
O
 
9
4.CB.35Schreyerite
V
3+
2
Ti
 
3
O
 
9
4.CB.40Kamiokite
Fe
 
2
Mo
 
3
O
 
8
4.CB.40Nolanite
(V
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Ti)
 
10
O
 
14
(OH)
 
2
4.CB.40Rinmanite
Zn
 
2
Sb
 
2
Mg
 
2
Fe
 
4
O
 
14
(OH)
 
2
4.CB.45Claudetite
As
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.45Stibioclaudetite
AsSbO
 
3
4.CB.50Arsenolite
As
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.50Sénarmontite
Sb
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.55Valentinite
Sb
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.60Bismite
Bi
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.65Sphaerobismoite
Bi
 
2
O
 
3
4.CB.70Sillénite
Bi
 
12
SiO
 
20
4.CB.75Kyzylkumite
V
3+
2
TiO
 
6
4.CB.80Tietaiyangite
Fe
3+
4
Fe
2+
 
TiO
 
9
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
7.9.1Hongquiite
TiO
7.9.2Rutile
TiO
 
2
7.9.3Anatase
TiO
 
2
7.9.4Brookite
TiO
 
2
7.9.6Perovskite
CaTiO
 
3
7.9.7Kassite
CaTi
 
2
O
 
4
(OH)
 
2
7.9.8Tausonite
SrTiO
 
3
7.9.9Crichtonite
(Sr,La,Ce,Y)(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Mn)
 
21
O
 
38
7.9.10Lucasite-(Ce)
CeTi
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
7.9.11Hibonite
(Ca,Ce)Al
 
12
O
 
19
7.9.12Yttrocrasite-(Y)
(Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
7.9.13Pyrophanite
Mn
2+
 
TiO
 
3
7.9.14Iwakiite
Mn(Fe,Mn)
 
2
O
 
4
7.9.15Ilmenite
Fe
2+
 
TiO
 
3
7.9.16Pseudobrookite
Fe
 
2
TiO
 
5
7.9.17Ulvöspinel
Fe
 
2
TiO
 
4
7.9.18Pseudorutile
Fe
 
2
Ti
 
3
O
 
9
7.9.19Freudenbergite
Na
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
8
O
 
16
7.9.20Kennedyite
MgFe
3+
2
Ti
 
3
O
 
10
7.9.21Armalcolite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)Ti
 
2
O
 
5
7.9.22Högbomite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Al,Ti)
 
5
O
 
10
7.9.23Qandilite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Ti,Fe,Al)O
 
4
7.9.24Cafetite
(Ca,Mg)(Fe,Al)
 
2
Ti
 
4
O
 
12
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.9.25Loveringite
(Ca,Ce)(Ti,Fe,Cr,Mg)
 
21
O
 
38
7.9.26Lindsleyite
(Ba,Sr)(Ti,Zr,Fe,Cr)
 
21
O
 
38
7.9.27Priderite
K(Ti
4+
7
Fe
3+
 
)O
 
16
7.9.28Jeppeite
(K,Ba)
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
6
O
 
13
7.9.29Ankangite
Ba(Ti,V
3+
 
,Cr)
 
8
O
 
16
7.9.30Ecandrewsite
(Zn,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)TiO
 
3
7.9.31Landauite
NaMnZn
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
6
Ti
 
12
O
 
38

Other Names for Geikielite

Synonyms:
Geikilithe
Other Languages:
German:Geikielith
Russian:Гейкилит
Spanish:Geikielita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Geikielite

Reference List:

- +
Fletcher (1892), Nature: 46: 620.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 535-541.

Acta Crystallographica: B45: 542-549.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (1995) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume II. Silica, Silicates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 904pp., 2 volumes: 220.

Internet Links for Geikielite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Geikielite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Geikielite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
      • Queen Maud Land (Dronning Maud Land)
        • Sør Rondane Mts
    		Grew, E. Et Al (1991) Dissakisite-(Ce), a new member of the epidote group and the Mg analogue of allanite-(Ce), from Antarctica. American Mineralogist: 76: 1990-1997.
      • Victoria Land
        • Allan Hills
    		Rosenshein, E. B., Ivanova, M. A., Dickinson, T. L., McCoy, T. J., Lauretta, D. S., Guan, Y., (2006) Oxide-bearing and FeO-rich clasts in aubrites. Meteoritics, vol. 41, Issue 4, p.495-503
    Australia
     
    • Tasmania
      • Corinna-Savage River district
    		Bottrill & Taheri, 2008, Savage River mine, Unpub. Rept, Mineral Resources Tasmania
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Weiz
        • Stubenberg am See
    		Tropper, P. et al. (2001, 2007); http://www.franzbernhard.x10hosting.com/polishedslabs.html
    Brazil
     
    • São Paulo
      • Cajati
    		MinRec 15:261-270
    Burma (Myanmar)
     
    • Mandalay Division
      • Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
    		Franz Neuhold & Gerald Giester (SXRD- and EDS-analysis)
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Greenwood Mining Division
        • Grand Forks
    		Richard Gunter collection
    • Québec
      • Outaouais
        • Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM
          • Chelsea
    		Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 41
          • Wakefield
    		Sabina, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 34-35 p.
    China
     
    • Shandong Province
      • Linyi Prefecture
        • Yimeng Mtns (Yimeng Shan)
          • Mengyin Co.
    		Qi Lu, Huifang Liu, and Ping Xiao (2007): Geological Science and Technology Information 26(2), 1-7
    • Tibet Autonomous Region
      • Nyingtri Prefecture (Linzhi Prefecture)
        • Mêdog Co. (Motuo Co.)
          • Mount Namjagbarwa (Mount Nanjiabawa)
    		Yan Liu, Zhesheng Ma, Xiuling Han, Huyun Zhou, Peishan Zhang, and Dalai Zhong (1997): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 16(4), 338-340
    Czech Republic
     
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Nové Město na Moravě
    		Novák, M., Šrein, V.: Ryzí antimon v rutilu z dolomitického mramoru od Studnice u Nového Města na Moravě. Minerál, 1997, roč. 5, č. 4, s. 265-266.
        • Třebíč
    		Houzar S.: Spinel z Číhalína a Nové Vsi u Třebíče, západní Morava. Minerál, 2010, 18, 1, 69-71.
    Finland
     
    • Northern Finland Region
      • Kuhmo
        • Näätäniemi
    		http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/geikielite.pdf.
    France
     
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Pyrénées-Orientales
        • Céret
          • Prats de Mollo-La Preste (Prats de Molló-La Presta)
    		Dubru. M, (1986) Pétrologie et géochimie du marbre à brucite et des borates associés au gisement de tungstène de Costabonne, (Pyrénées orientales, France) 930p
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Nuuk (Godthåb)
        • Fiskenaes (Fiskenaesset; Qeqertarsuatsiaat)
    		B.F. Windley et al. , Eur. J. Mineral. , 1989, 1, pp. 427-437.
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
    		Pascal, M.-L., Di Muro, A., Boudouma, O., Fointeilles, M., Principe, C. (2008): Zirconlite, calzirtite, baddeleyite, betafite, geikielite and qandilite in skarn ejecta from Vesuvius - inferences for the magma-wallrock interactions. EGU General Assembly 2008. Geophysical Research Abstract, 10, EGU2008-A-06674, 2008. ; Pascal, M.-L., Di Muro, A., Boudouma, O., Fointeilles, M., Principe, C. (2008): Zirconolite, calzirtite, baddeleyite, betafite, geikielite and qandilite in skarn ejecta from Vesuvius - inferences for the magma-wallrock interactions. EGU General Assembly 2008. Geophysical Research Abstract, 10, EGU2008-A-06674, 2008.
          • Monte Somma
            • Ercolano
              • San Vito
    		Gentile P. (1986) - Geikielite del M. Somma (NA) e del M. dei tre Abati (PC) - Riv. Miner. Ital., Milano, fasc. 3, pp. 127-130
    • Emilia-Romagna
      • Piacenza Province
        • Coli
    		Gentile P. (1986) - Geikielite del M. somma (Na) e del M. dei tre Abati (Pc) - Riv. Miner. Ital., Milano, fasc.3, pp. 127-130
    • Latium
      • Rome Province
    		Caponera, I., Fiori, S., Pucci, R., & Signoretti, E. (2007). I minerali dei Colli Albani. Un aggiornamento sugli ultimi dieci anni di ricerche. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 31 (2), 74-91.
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Malenco Valley
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work
    AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work
        • Masino Valley
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Sangone Valley
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Different Municipalities
    		The Canadian Mineralogist, Volume 42, Number 6, December 2004, pp. 1825-1845.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Giudicarie Valley
          • Breguzzo
            • San Pietro-Breguzzo Valley
              • Malga Trivena hut
    		Giere, R. & Williams, C.T. (1992)
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
          • Iwaki
    		Nedachi et al (1984) Ganseki-Koubutsu-Koshogaku Zasshi, 79, 200-213.
    North Korea
     
    • North Hwanghae Province
      • Suan-gun
        • Hol Kol Mine (Holgol; Suan; Namjong)
    		Resource Geology, vol. 50, no. 4, 213-228, 2000
    Norway
     
    • Sogn og Fjordane
      • Selje
        • Liset
    		Smith, D.C., Kechid, S-A. and Rossi, G. (1986): Occurrence and properties of lisetite, CaNa2Al4Si4O16, a new tectosilicate in the system Ca-Na-Al-Si-O. American Mineralogist. 71: 1372-1377
    Pakistan
     
    • Gilgit-Baltistan (Northern Areas)
    		http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/geikielite.pdf.
        • Skardu District
    		Gordon Cressey (1986) Geikielite and Perovskite in Serpentine-Brucite Marble from Baltistan, Northern Areas (Kashmir), Pakistan. Mineralogical Magazine 50:345-346.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Lake Baikal area
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
        • Aldan Shield
          • Chara and Tokko Rivers Confluence
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
    		Cesnokov, B., Kotrly, M. and Nisanbajev, T. (1998): Brennende Abraumhalden und Aufschlüsse im Tscheljabinsker Kohlenbecken - eine reiche Mineralienküche. Mineralien-Welt, 9 (3), 54-63 (in German).
    Slovakia
     
    • Bratislava Region
      • Pezinok Co.
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    South Africa
     
    • Free State Province
      • Xhariep District
        • Jagersfontein
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Limpopo Province
      • Phalaborwa
        • Loolekop
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Northern Cape Province
    		http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/geikielite.pdf.
    Spain
     
    • Andalusia
      • Málaga
        • Benalmádena
    		Calvo, M. (2009): Minerales y Minas de España. Vol. IV, Óxidos e Hidróxidos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas de Madrid - Fundación Gómez Pardo. 752 pp
        • Ojén
          • Sierra Blanca
    		Romero Silva, JC (2003). Minerales y Rocas de la provincia de Malaga, Diputación de Málaga, 318 pp. .
    • Extremadura
      • Cáceres
        • Garrovillas de Alconétar
    		Weibel, M. (1955): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 4, 379-411.
    Sri Lanka
     
    • Sabaragamuwa Province
      • Ratnapura District
    		Nature (1892) 46, 620; Min.Mag.(1893) 10, 145
    Nature (1892) 46, 620; Min.Mag.(1893) 10, 145
    Nature (1892) p621
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 230.
    • California
      • Monterey Co.
        • Santa Lucia Mts (Santa Lucia Range)
          • Slates Hot Springs
    		Wise, Wm. S. (1959), An occurrence of geikielite: American Mineralogist : 44: 879-882; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 173, 460.
      • Riverside Co.
        • Crestmore
          • Crestmore quarries
            • Chino Hill
    		Jenni, Clarence M. (1957), Crestmore and its minerals: Gems & Minerals, No. 238: (July 1957): 64, 79; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 173.
        • Jurupa Mts
          • Jurupa
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Joseph J. Fahey (1948), Geikielite, a new find from California (abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin: 59: 1341-1342; Murdoch, Joseph & Joseph J. Fahey (1949), Geikielite, a new find from California: American Mineralogist: 34: 835-838; Cooney, R.L. (1956), The mineralogy of the Jensen and Henshaw quarries near Riverside, California: Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of California at Los Angeles: 43; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 173; Devito, F. and Ordway, A. (1984), The Jensen Quarry, Riverside County, California. Mineralogical Record: 15(5): 273-290.
    • Massachusetts
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Chelmsford
    		Cook, 1974: Met. Carbonate Rocks of the Nashoba Form.
    • Michigan
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Masvingo
      • Chiredzi Mining District (Hartley Mining District)
    		http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/geikielite.pdf.
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