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Gorceixite

Big Photo

Clara Mine, Rankach valley, Oberwolfach, Wolfach, Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
© Dick Dionne

Show Gorceixite Photos (19)
Formula:
BaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:White or brown, may be ...
Hardness:6
Name:After Henrique Gorceix (1842-1919), the first Director of the School of ines at Ouro Preto, Brazil.


Crandallite Subgroup, Alunite Group.

Classification of Gorceixite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.36-50
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BL.10

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
L : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 3:1
Dana 8th edition ID:42.7.3.2

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
7 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.5.10

19 : Phosphates
5 : Phosphates of Sr and Ba
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Type Occurrence of Gorceixite

Type Locality:Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Southeast Region, Brazil
Year of Discovery:1906

Physical Properties of Gorceixite

Lustre:Vitreous, Dull
Colour:White or brown, may be mottled; colourless in transmitted light..
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):6
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):3.036 - 3.185 g/cm3

Crystallography of Gorceixite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):m - Domatic
Cell Parameters:a = 12.18Å, b = 7.03Å, c = 7.03Å
β = 125.3°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.733 : 1 : 1
Unit Cell Volume:V 491.27 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Grains and pebbles (favas) that are, in part, microcrystalline.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Gorceixite

Type:Uniaxial (+)
RI values: nω = 1.618 nε = 1.625
Birefringence:Low.
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.007

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate

Chemical Properties of Gorceixite

Formula:
BaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, Ba, H, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ba, H, O, P

Relationship of Gorceixite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.BL.05Beudantite
PbFe
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
8.BL.05Corkite
PbFe
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
8.BL.05Hidalgoite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
8.BL.05Hinsdalite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
8.BL.05Kemmlitzite
(Sr,Ce)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
8.BL.05Orpheite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
] (?)
8.BL.05Svanbergite
SrAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
8.BL.05Weilerite
8.BL.05Woodhouseite
CaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
8.BL.05Gallobeudantite
PbGa
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
8.BL.10Arsenogoyazite
SrAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
8.BL.10Arsenogorceixite
BaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
8.BL.10Arsenocrandallite
(Ca,Sr)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(AsO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
8.BL.10Benauite
SrFe
3+
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(HPO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)|(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)]
8.BL.10Crandallite
CaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
8.BL.10Dussertite
BaFe
3+
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.10Eylettersite
(Th,Pb)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
,SiO
 
4
)
 
2
] ?
8.BL.10Goyazite
SrAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
8.BL.10Kintoreite
PbFe
3+
3
[(OH,H
 
2
O)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.10Philipsbornite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
8.BL.10Plumbogummite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
8.BL.10Segnitite
PbFe
3+
3
[(OH,H
 
2
O)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.10Springcreekite
BaV
3+
3
[(OH,H
 
2
O)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.13Arsenoflorencite-(La)
LaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.13Arsenoflorencite-(Nd)
NdAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.13Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)
CeAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.13Florencite-(Ce)
CeAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.13Florencite-(La)
LaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.13Florencite-(Nd)
NdAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.13Waylandite
(Bi,Ca)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
,SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.13Zaïrite
Bi(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.13Arsenowaylandite
BiAl
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
8.BL.13Graulichite-(Ce)
CeFe
3+
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BL.15Viitaniemiite
Na(Ca,Mn
2+
 
)Al[(F,OH)
 
3
|PO
 
4
]
8.BL.25Pattersonite
PbFe
3+
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
{(H
 
2
O)
 
0.5
(OH)
 
0.5
}
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
19.5.1Strontiowhitlockite
Sr
 
9
Mg[PO
 
4
]
 
6
[HPO
 
4
]
19.5.2Belovite-(Ce)
NaSr
 
3
(Ce,La)[(F,OH)|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
19.5.3Goyazite
SrAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
19.5.4Goedkenite
(Sr,Ca)
 
2
Al[OH|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
19.5.5Palermoite
(Li,Na)
 
2
(Sr,Ca)Al
 
4
[PO
 
4
]
 
4
(OH)
 
4
19.5.6Nabaphite
NaBaPO
 
4
·9H
 
2
O
19.5.7Olgite
Ba(NaSr)
 
2
Na[PO
 
4
]
 
2
19.5.8Nastrophite
Na(Sr,Ba)PO
 
4
·9H
 
2
O
19.5.9Jagowerite
BaAl
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
19.5.11Penikisite
Ba(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Ca)
 
2
Al
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
3
19.5.12Curetonite
Ba
 
4
Al
 
3
Ti(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(O,OH)
 
6
19.5.13Bjarebyite
(Ba,Sr)(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
Al
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
3
19.5.14Kulanite
Ba(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
3
19.5.15Perloffite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
3

Other Names for Gorceixite

Synonyms:
BariohitchcockiteFerraziteGeraesiteGosseixite
Other Languages:
German:Bariohitchcockit
Geraesit
Gorceixit
Russian:Горсейксит
Spanish:Bariohitchcockita
Geraesita
Gorceixita
Gosseixita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Gorceixite

Reference List:Hussak (1906) Mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, Vienna: 25: 336.

Gaubert (1907) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 30: 108.

Farrington (1916) American Journal of Science: 41: 357.

Beard (1941) Bulletin of the Imperial Institute, London: 39: 160.

MacGregor (1941) Bulletin of the Imperial Institute, London: 39: 399.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 833.

Radoslovich, E.W. and P.G. Slade (1980) Pseudo-trigonal symmetry and the structure of gorceixite. Neues Jahrb. Mineral., Monatsh., 157–170.

Radoslovich, E.W. (1982) Refinement of gorceixite structure in Cm. Neues Jahrb. Mineral., Monatsh., 446–464.

Blanchard, F.N. (1989) New X-ray powder data for gorceixite, BaAl3(PO4)2(OH)5 •H2O, an evaluation of d-spacings and intensities, pseudosymmetry and its influence on the figure of merit. Powder Diffraction, 4(4), 227–230.

Internet Links for Gorceixite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Gorceixite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Gorceixite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Gorceixite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Eyre peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		No reference listed
      • Mt Lofty Ranges
        • South Mt Lofty Ranges
          • Barossa Valley
            • Angaston
      • Olary Province
    		Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol.3, N°2, Dec.1997
    • Tasmania
      • Dunorlan
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Queenstown district
    		Ralph Bottrill et al in prep.
    Bottrill RS & Baker, WE (in prep) Catalogue of Minerals of Tasmania. Mineral Resources Tasmania
      • Zeehan District
        • Dundas mineral field
    		http://members.ozemail.com.au/~shanesrocks/mineralogy.htm
    • Victoria
      • Keilor
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Fischbacher Alpen Mts
        • Fischbach
    		Bernhard, F. & Taucher, J. (1999); Bernhard, F. (2007)
    Taucher, J. (1995)
        • Rettenegg
    		Bernhard, F. & Leikauf, B. (2007)
    Brazil
     
    • Central-West Region
      • Goiás
    		Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
        • Ipameri
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Araxá
    		Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
        • Coromandel
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
        • Jequitinhonha valley
    		Lee and de Moraes (1919) American Journal of Science: 48: 353; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 832, 833.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
    Diamond News, Part 1, Vol.5, No.17,2004,pp40-44; Diamond News, Part 2, Vol.5, No.18,2004,pp 13-19 [In Portuguese]
    Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte,446 (1982)
        • Poços de Caldas plateau
          • Caldas
    		Waber (1991)
          • Poços de Caldas
    		Waber (1991)
        • São Gonaçalo do Abaeté
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
      • São Paulo
        • Franca
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
    Canada
     
    • Yukon Territory
      • Dawson Mining District
    		MinRec 23:4-47
    [MinRec 23:21-22]
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Beroun (Beraun)
    		Horáková, M., Novák, F.: Výskyt nerostů alunit-crandallitové skupiny v liteňském souvrství Barrandienu. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 1989, roč. 34, č. 2, s. 151-163.
      • Liberec Region
    		Scharm, B.: Přehled minerálů nalezených v oblasti uranových koncentrací v severočeské křídě. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1995, roč. 3, s. 169-172.
      • Ústí Region
        • Třebenice (Trebnitz)
    		Novák, F., Pauliš, P., Jansa, J.: Crandallite, gorceixite, goyazite and kemmlitzite from pyrope-gravels of the České středohoří Mts. Bulletin of the Czech Geological Survey, 1998, 73, 2, p. 107-111.
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Haut-Rhin
        • Doller Valley
          • Rimbach-près-Masevaux
    		Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997, p. 117
    • Auvergne
      • Allier
        • Ébreuil
    		NICOLAS, J. & de ROSEN, A. (1963): Le massif granitique des Colettes (Allier) et ses mineralizations. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 86, 126-128; NICOLAS, J. & de ROSEN, A. (1963): Phosphates hydrothermaux de basse température et kaolinisation: la gorceixite du massif des Colettes (Allier) et les minéraux associes (hinsdalite). Bull. Soc. Franç. Minér. Cristallogr., 86, 379-385.
    G. Aubert : "Les coupoles granitiques de Montebras et d'Echassières (Massif Central Français) et la genèse de leur minéralisations (BRGM, 1969)
    Pierre Le Roch & Jean-Marc Johannet collections
    G. Aubert : "Les coupoles granitiques de Montebras et d'Echassières (Massif Central Français) et la genèse de leur minéralisations (BRGM, 1969); Walenta, K. & Binder, W. (1980): Kidwellit und Dufrenit aus den Mines de Montmins bei Echassiéres (französisches Zentralmassiv). Aufschluss 31, 51-54.
    • Brittany
      • Morbihan
        • Ambon
    		R. Pierrot, L. Chauris, C. Laforêt and F. Pillard : "Inventaire Minéralogique de la France N° 9 : Morbihan", BRGM, 1980.
        • Sarzeau
    		R. Pierrot, L. Chauris, C. Laforêt and F. Pillard : "Inventaire Minéralogique de la France N° 9 : Morbihan", BRGM, 1980.
    • Burgundy
      • Saône-et-Loire
        • Autun
    		P. Devismes : "Atlas photographique des minéraux d'alluvions", BRGM, 1978.
    • Limousin
      • Creuse
        • Boussac
          • Montebras-en-Soumans
    		No reference listed
    • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
      • Var
        • Pradet
    		http://www.mine-capgaronne.fr/site/Mineraux/ListeMineraux.html
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Freudenstadt
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Gengenbach
          • Haigerach valley
    		Lapis 23(12), 44 (1998)
        • Menzenschwand
    		Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Pforzheim
          • Neuenbürg District
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Gelbach valley
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German)
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Fichtelgebirge
          • Fichtelberg
            • Mehlmeisel
    		Meier, S. (2007): Das Flötztal im südlichen Fichtelgebirge. Lapis 32, 17-20; 58.
          • Weißenstadt
            • Großer Waldstein Mt.
    		Meier, S. (2002): Seltene Phosphatmineralien aus dem Fichtelgebirge und der Oberpfalz. Lapis 27 (2), 32-34
    • Hesse
      • North Hesse
        • Korbach
          • Eisenberg
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Hunsrück Mts
        • Saarburg
          • Greimerath
    		Aufschluß 76/2 & 88/5
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Ehrenfriedersdorf
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Glauchau
        • Callenberg
    		Lapis, 16 (9), 13-26.
    Ghana
     
    • Bonsa diamond field
      • Bonsa River
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamariza)
            • Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)
    		No reference listed
    Guyana
     
    • Mazaruni District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
    Hungary
     
    • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co.
      • Rudabányai Mts.
        • Szuhogy
    		Szakáll & Gatter: Hun. Min. Spec., 1993
    India
     
    • Andhra Pradesh
      • Vizianagaram District
    		Econ Geol (1980) 75:1083-1104
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ossola Valley
          • Crevoladossola
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Yamaguchi Prefecture
    		Matsubara, S. and Kato, A. (1998) Memoirs of the National Science Museum, 30, 167-183.
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Aqtöbe Oblysy (Aktubinsk [Aktyubinsk; Aktubinskaya] Oblast')
      • Martuk district
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    • Zhambyl Oblysy (Dzhambul [Drambul; Dzambul; Jambyl] Oblast')
    Kenya
     
    • Coast Province
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
        • Polar Yakutia
    		S.M. Kravchenko and B.G. Pokrovsky, Economic Geology, May 1995, V90, N°3, pp. 676-689.
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    Slovakia
     
    • Nitra Region
      • Tríbeč Mts
    		Uher et all.,1997: Chemické zloženie hydrotermálneho lazulitu a gorceixitu v kremenci pohoria Tríbeč. Min.Slovaca, Bratislava, 29, 240-241
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Binn Valley
        • Im Feld (Imfeld; Feld; Fäld)
    		No reference listed
    - U. Kolitsch und F. C. A. de Wit (1996): Die Mineralien vom Messerbach im Binntal. Lapis 21 (9), 23-31; 58. (in German)
    Uganda
     
    • Tororo District
    		Econ Geol (1984) 79:716-724
    USA
     
    • Alabama
      • Barbour Co.
    		Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
      • Cherokee Co.
    		Min.Rec.:20(5):361.
    Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
      • Dale Co.
    		Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120
    • Arkansas
      • Garland Co.
    		No reference listed
    Rocks & Min.: 63: 108.
    • Georgia
      • Lincoln Co.
        • Graves Mountain
    		No reference listed
    • Maine
      • Oxford Co.
        • Buckfield
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, volume 1.
        • Newry
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed.), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2.
    • Missouri
      • Madison Co.
        • Fredericktown District
    		AmMin 69:984
    Am Min 69:9-10 pp 1984-986
    • South Carolina
    		Jan H.Bernard and Jaroslav Hyrsl, 2004,Minerals and their Localities,pg 255
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Midlands
      • Gweru (Gwelo) District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 833.
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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