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Grunerite

Big Photo

Asbestos, Shipton Township, Richmond Co., Québec, Canada
© 2005 M. Kampf

Show Grunerite Photos (6)
Formula:
[ ][Fe
2+
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
System:MonoclinicColour:nd
Lustre:VitreousHardness:5 - 6
Name:After Louis Emmanuel Gruner (1809-1883), Swiss-French chemist, who first analyzed the mineral.


Amphibole Group. Mg-Fe-Mn-Li Clino-Amphibole Subgroup.

Classification of Grunerite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.07-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DE.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.21.8

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
21 : Silicates of Fe and Mg
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-1758.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Type Occurrence of Grunerite

Type Locality:Sarvengude ravine, Collobrières, Var, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France

Physical Properties of Grunerite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:nd
Streak:nd
Hardness (Mohs):5 - 6

Crystallography of Grunerite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Grunerite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.663 - 1.686 nβ = 1.680 - 1.709 nγ = 1.696 - 1.729
2V:Measured: 90° to 70°, Calculated: 84° to 86°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.033 - 0.043

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r > v

Chemical Properties of Grunerite

Formula:
[ ][Fe
2+
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
Essential elements:Fe, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, O, Si

Relationship of Grunerite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
9.DE.XIMA2007-053
KCa
 
2
(Fe
2+
4
Al)Si
 
6
Al
 
2
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.05Cummingtonite
[ ][Mg
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.05Manganocummingtonite
[ ][Mn
2+
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.05Manganogrunerite
[ ][Mn
2+
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.05Permanganogrunerite
[ ][Mn
2+
2
][Mn
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Actinolite
☐Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Alumino-ferro-hornblende
Ca
 
2
Fe
 
4
Al
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Alumino-magnesio-hornblende
Ca
 
2
Mg
 
4
Al
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Aluminotschermakite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferritschermakite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferro-Actinolite
☐[Ca
 
2
][(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferrohornblende
☐[Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferrotschermakite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
 
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Joesmithite
[(Ca,Pb)][(Ca,Pb)
 
2
][(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|BeSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Magnesiohornblende
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Tremolite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Tschermakite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
 
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferri-Ferrotschermakite
9.DE.10Alumino-Ferrotschermakite
9.DE.10Cannilloite
[Ca][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Fluor-cannilloite
[Ca][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(F,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Parvo-manganotremolite
☐[CaMn
2+
 
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Fluorotremolite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][F
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Edenite
Na[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Ferro-edenite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Ferrokaersutite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Ti][O|OH|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Ferropargasite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Hastingsite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Kaersutite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Ti][O|OH|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Magnesiohastingsite
Na[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Magnesiosadanagaite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Pargasite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Sadanagaite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Fluoro-edenite
Na[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassic-Ferrisadanagaite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassic-Magnesiosadanagaite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassicpargasite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassicsadanagaite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Fluoro-magnesiohastingsite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][F
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Fluoro-potassichastingsite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(F,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Chloro-potassichastingsite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(Cl,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Fluoropargasite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(F,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Parvo-mangano-edenite
Na[CaMn
2+
 
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Chloro-potassicpargasite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(Cl,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Chloro-potassic-ferro-edenite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(Cl,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassic-magnesiohastingsite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Aluminobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Aluminokatophorite
9.DE.20Aluminotaramite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Barroisite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
3
AlFe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferri-ferrobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Alumino-ferrowinchite
9.DE.20Ferri-ferrowinchite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferribarroisite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferritaramite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferrikatophorite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Alumino-ferrobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferrobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
AlFe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferrorichterite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferrowinchite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Katophorite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferri-magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
AlFe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Richterite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Taramite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
AlFe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Winchite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Alumino-Magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Fluororichterite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Magnesiokatophorite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Fluoro-potassicrichterite
K[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Potassicrichterite
K[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Parvowinchite
☐[Mn
2+
 
Na][Mg
 
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferriwinchite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Fluoro-alumino-magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][F
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20IMA2007-015
K[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Arfvedsonite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Eckermannite
[Na][Na
 
2
][(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferro-eckermannite
[Na][Na
 
2
][(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Clinoferroholmquistite
[ ][Li
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferroglaucophane
[ ][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Glaucophane
[ ][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Kornite
[(Na,K)][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Mn
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Kôzulite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mn
2+
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Leakeite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Magnesioriebeckite
[ ][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Magnesio-arfvedsonite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Nybøite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Riebeckite
[ ][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ungarettiite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mn
2+
2
Mn
3+
3
][O
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferric-ferronyboite
9.DE.25Ferri-clinoferroholmquistite
[ ][Li
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferric-nyboite
9.DE.25Ferroleakeite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferronyböite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Fluoro-ferroleakeite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite
[(☐,Na)][(Li,☐)
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Fluoro-magnesio-arfvedsonite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(F,OH)
 
2
|[Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Sodic-ferripedrizite
[Na][Li
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Potassicleakeite
[K][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Fluoronybøite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferriwhittakerite
Na(Na
 
1.0-1.5
Li
 
0.5-1.0
)
 
2
(Fe
3+
2
Mg
 
2
Li)Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Ferri-ottoliniite
[](Na
 
1
Li
 
1
)(Fe
3+
2
Mg
 
3
)Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Dellaventuraite
NaNa
 
2
(MgMn
3+
2
LiTi
4+
 
)Si
 
8
O
 
22
O
 
2
9.DE.25Fluoro-sodicpedrizite
[Na][Li
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
Li][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Potassicarfvedsonite
[(K,Na)][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Obertiite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)
 
2
][O
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Fluoro-potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite
[(K,Na)][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(F,OH)
 
2
|[Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Sodic-ferri-ferropedrizite
[Na][Li
 
2
][Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite
[K][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
14.21.1Olivine
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
[SiO
 
4
]
14.21.2Ringwoodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
[SiO
 
4
]
14.21.3Wadsleyite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
[SiO
 
4
]
14.21.4Clinoferrosilite
Fe
2+
 
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
14.21.5Anthophyllite
☐[Mg
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
14.21.6Cummingtonite
[ ][Mg
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
14.21.7 Magnesiocummingtonite
14.21.9Minnesotaite
(Fe,Mg)
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
14.21.10Chesterite
(Mg,Fe)
 
17
Si
 
20
O
 
54
(OH)
 
6
14.21.11Jimthompsonite
(Mg,Fe)
 
5
Si
 
6
O
 
16
(OH)
 
2
14.21.12Clinojimthompsonite
(Mg,Fe)
 
5
Si
 
6
O
 
16
(OH)
 
2
14.21.13Majorite
Mg
 
3
(Fe
2+
 
,Si,Al)
 
2
[SiO
 
4
]
 
3
14.21.14Balangeroite
(Mg,Fe,Fe,Mn)
 
42
Si
 
16
O
 
54
(OH)
 
40

Other Names for Grunerite

German names:
Grunerit
Russian names:
Грюнерит
Spanish names:
Grunerita
Varieties:
Amosite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Grunerite

Reference List:Mineralogical Record: 29: 169-174.

Mineralogical Society of America, Special Paper: 2: 95-100.

Boffa Ballaran, T., Angel, R.J., and Carpenter, M.A. (2000), High-pressure transformation behaviour of the cummingtonite-grunerite solid solution. European Journal of Mineralogy: 12: 1195-1213.

Boffa Ballaran, T., Carpenter, M.A., and Domeneghetti, M.C. (2001) Phase transition and mixing behavior of the cummingtonite-grunerite solid solution. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 28: 87-101.

Hawthorne, Frank C., and Roberta Oberti (2006), On the classification of amphiboles: Canadian Mineralogist:
44(1): 1-21.

Internet Links for Grunerite

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  • Look for Grunerite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Grunerite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Grunerite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Grünerite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Grunerite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
    		Birch BH Book
    • Queensland
      • Mt Isa - Cloncurry area
        • Cloncurry District
    • South Australia
      • Eyre peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		Australian Jour.Min. v.6, no. 1
    • Tasmania
      • Balfour-Temma district
        • Temma
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Heazlewood district
        • Luina
    		No reference listed
    • Western Australia
    Nickel Mineralisation in Western Australia by R.J. Marston 1984.
    Nickel Mineralisation in Western Australia by R.J. Marston 1984.
    Meinert, 1992. Skarns & Skarn Deposits
      • Youanmi
    		Lead, Zinc and Silver Deposits of Western Australia, 1999
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Klagenfurt
        • Moosburg
          • Stallhofen
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    Bolivia
     
    • Santa Cruz Department
    		[var: Amosite] Rivas, S. and Ahlfeld, F. (1998) Los Minerales de Bolivia y sus Parajes (Santa Cruz)
    Brazil
     
    • North Region
      • Pará
        • Carajás mineral province
          • Parauapebas
    Cameroon
     
    • Nord-Ouest
    		http://mylonite.eps.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~enami/abstract/pme0201.pdf.
    Canada
     
    • Newfoundland and Labrador
      • Labrador
    		www.geosurv.gov.nf.ca/gacmap/LAB2.html.
    • Northwest Territories
    		Meinert, 1992. Skarns & Skarn Deposits
    • Ontario
      • Algoma District
        • Blind River-Elliot Lake uranium district
    		Robertson, J.A. (1976) The Blind River Uranium Deposits: the ores and their setting. (Ontario Division of Mines, Miscellaneous paper 65)
        • Chabanel Township
          • Michipicotin Harbour
      • Kenora District
        • Pickle Lake
    		Kinross Gold Corporation, Technical Report (2003)
    China
     
    • Hebei Province
      • Qinhuangdao Prefecture
        • Qinglong Co.
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    • Heilongjiang Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Jiamusi Prefecture
        • Tangyuan Co.
    		Wei Juying and Zeng Qiang (1996): Geology & Geography 32(4), 472-480.
    • Hubei Province
      • Huangshi Prefecture
        • Daye Co.
          • Edong Mining District
    		Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242.
      • Xianning Prefecture
        • Tongshan Co.
          • Edong Mining District
    		Yuanming Pan and Ping Dong (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15, 177-242.
    • Jilin Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Siping Prefecture
        • Yitong Co.
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    • Nei Mongol Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia)
      • Baynnur (Bayannao'er) League
        • Hanggin Rear Banner
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    • Shanxi Province
      • Xinzhou Prefecture
        • Wutai Co.
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Ostrov
            • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal)
    		Josef Vajdak (2002) Mineral News, 18, #1, 6.
    Finland
     
    • Länsi-Suomen Lääni
      • Vaasa
        • Seinäjoki