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Actinolite

Formula:
☐Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
System:MonoclinicColour:Green, green-black, ...
Lustre:Vitreous, SilkyHardness:5 - 6
Name:From the Greek, aktinos, meaning "ray," in allusion to its often radial-fibrous nature.


Amphibole Group. Calcic Clino-Amphibole Subgroup.

Classification of Actinolite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Explanation of status:Defined as the mid-range of the tremolite-ferroactinolite series, which violates the 50% rule. (Retained as a "species" due to entrenchment in the literature, including medical and legal usage.)
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.10-20
Strunz 9th edition ID:9.DE.10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DE.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.23.2

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
23 : Silicates of Fe, Mg, Ca
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-18.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Physical Properties of Actinolite

Lustre:Vitreous, Silky
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Green, green-black, grey-green, or black
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):5 - 6
Hardness Data:Measured
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
on {110}
Parting:on {100}
Fracture:Splintery
Density (measured):3.03 - 3.24 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.07 g/cm3

Crystallography of Actinolite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:B2/m (B1 1 2/m) [C2/m] {C1 2/m 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 9.891Å, b = 18.2Å, c = 5.31Å
β = 104.64°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.543 : 1 : 0.292
Unit Cell Volume:V 924.85 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Twinning:simple or lamellar, common parallel {100}; lamellar, less common parallel {001}
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
8.47 (70)
5.305 (10)
4.91 (70)
3.401 (80)
3.143 (70)
2.719 (100)
Comments:ICDD 25-0157

Optical Data of Actinolite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.613 - 1.646 nβ = 1.624 - 1.656 nγ = 1.636 - 1.666
2V:Measured: 79° to 86°, Calculated: 78° to 82°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.023

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r < v
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:X=pale yellow, yellowish green
Y=pale yellow-gree, green
Z=pale green, deep greenish blue

Chemical Properties of Actinolite

Formula:
☐Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Essential elements:Ca, H, Mg, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Ca, Fe, H, Mg, O, Si
Common Impurities:Mn,Al,Na,K,Ti

Relationship of Actinolite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Tremolite (see here)
Forms a series with Ferro-Actinolite (see here)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
9.DE.XIMA2007-053
KCa
 
2
(Fe
2+
4
Al)Si
 
6
Al
 
2
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.05Cummingtonite
[ ][Mg
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.05Grunerite
[ ][Fe
2+
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.05Manganocummingtonite
[ ][Mn
2+
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.05Manganogrunerite
[ ][Mn
2+
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.05Permanganogrunerite
[ ][Mn
2+
2
][Mn
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Alumino-ferro-hornblende
Ca
 
2
Fe
 
4
Al
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Alumino-magnesio-hornblende
Ca
 
2
Mg
 
4
Al
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Aluminotschermakite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferritschermakite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferro-Actinolite
☐[Ca
 
2
][(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferrohornblende
☐[Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferrotschermakite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
 
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Joesmithite
[(Ca,Pb)][(Ca,Pb)
 
2
][(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|BeSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Magnesiohornblende
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Tremolite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Tschermakite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
 
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Ferri-Ferrotschermakite
9.DE.10Alumino-Ferrotschermakite
9.DE.10Cannilloite
[Ca][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Fluor-cannilloite
[Ca][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(F,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Parvo-manganotremolite
☐[CaMn
2+
 
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.10Fluorotremolite
☐[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][F
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Edenite
Na[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Ferro-edenite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Ferrokaersutite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Ti][O|OH|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Ferropargasite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Hastingsite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Kaersutite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Ti][O|OH|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Magnesiohastingsite
Na[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Magnesiosadanagaite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Pargasite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Sadanagaite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Fluoro-edenite
Na[Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
5
][(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassic-Ferrisadanagaite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassic-Magnesiosadanagaite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassicpargasite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassicsadanagaite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Fluoro-magnesiohastingsite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][F
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Fluoro-potassichastingsite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(F,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Chloro-potassichastingsite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(Cl,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Fluoropargasite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(F,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Parvo-mangano-edenite
Na[CaMn
2+
 
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Chloro-potassicpargasite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(Cl,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Chloro-potassic-ferro-edenite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(Cl,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassic-magnesiohastingsite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Aluminobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Aluminokatophorite
9.DE.20Aluminotaramite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Barroisite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
3
AlFe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferri-ferrobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Alumino-ferrowinchite
9.DE.20Ferri-ferrowinchite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferribarroisite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferritaramite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferrikatophorite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Alumino-ferrobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferrobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
AlFe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferrorichterite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferrowinchite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Katophorite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferri-magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
AlFe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Richterite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Taramite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
AlFe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Winchite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Alumino-Magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Fluororichterite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Magnesiokatophorite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Fluoro-potassicrichterite
K[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Potassicrichterite
K[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Parvowinchite
☐[Mn
2+
 
Na][Mg
 
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferriwinchite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Fluoro-alumino-magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][F
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20IMA2007-015
K[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Arfvedsonite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Eckermannite
[Na][Na
 
2
][(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferro-eckermannite
[Na][Na
 
2
][(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Clinoferroholmquistite
[ ][Li
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferroglaucophane
[ ][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Glaucophane
[ ][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Kornite
[(Na,K)][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Mn
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Kôzulite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mn
2+
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Leakeite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Magnesioriebeckite
[ ][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Magnesio-arfvedsonite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Nybøite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Riebeckite
[ ][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ungarettiite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mn
2+
2
Mn
3+
3
][O
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferric-ferronyboite
9.DE.25Ferri-clinoferroholmquistite
[ ][Li
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferric-nyboite
9.DE.25Ferroleakeite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferronyböite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Fluoro-ferroleakeite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite
[(☐,Na)][(Li,☐)
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Fluoro-magnesio-arfvedsonite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(F,OH)
 
2
|[Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Sodic-ferripedrizite
[Na][Li
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Potassicleakeite
[K][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Fluoronybøite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferriwhittakerite
Na(Na
 
1.0-1.5
Li
 
0.5-1.0
)
 
2
(Fe
3+
2
Mg
 
2
Li)Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Ferri-ottoliniite
[](Na
 
1
Li
 
1
)(Fe
3+
2
Mg
 
3
)Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Dellaventuraite
NaNa
 
2
(MgMn
3+
2
LiTi
4+
 
)Si
 
8
O
 
22
O
 
2
9.DE.25Fluoro-sodicpedrizite
[Na][Li
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
Li][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Potassicarfvedsonite
[(K,Na)][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Obertiite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)
 
2
][O
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Fluoro-potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite
[(K,Na)][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(F,OH)
 
2
|[Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Sodic-ferri-ferropedrizite
[Na][Li
 
2
][Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite
[K][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
14.23.1Pigeonite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Ca)(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]

Other Names for Actinolite

Synonyms:
ActinolitheActinoteActynoliteAttinotoStibolite
StraliteZillerthiteZillertite
German names:
ActinolitActynolinActynolitAktinolithStibolit
StrahlsteinStralitZillerthitZillertit
Italian names:
Actinolota
Russian names:
Актинолит
Spanish names:
ActinolitaActynolitaStibolitaStralitaZillerthita
Varieties:
ByssoliteHotan JadeNephriteSmaragdite

Other Information

Health Warning:Dust from asbestiform varieties of actinolite can cause serious and irreversible lung disease when inhaled. Avoid creating or inhaling dust.

References for Actinolite

Reference List:Canadian Mineralogist (1983): 21: 173.

Mineralogical Record: 29: 169-174.

Hawthorne, Frank C., and Roberta Oberti (2006), On the classification of amphiboles: Canadian Mineralogist:
44(1): 1-21.

Internet Links for Actinolite

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  • Localities for Actinolite

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