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Amblygonite

Big Photo

Mendes Pimentel, Doce valley, Minas Gerais, Southeast Region, Brazil
© Dan & Diana Weinrich Minerals

Show Amblygonite Photos (34)
Formula:
(Li,Na)Al[(F,OH)|PO
 
4
]
System:TriclinicColour:Milk-white, yellowish, ...
Lustre:Vitreous, Greasy, PearlyHardness:5½ - 6
Name:From the Greek άμβλύς for "blunt" and γόνυ for "angle," referring to the fact that its cleavage angle slightly differs from 90°, distinguishing it from scapolite for which it was originally mistaken.


Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series. Fluorine analogue of Montebrasite.

Occurs chiefly in granite pegmatites of the lithium- and phosphate-rich type. Crystals may be enormous in size.
NOTE: Most "amblygonites" from pegmatites in fact montebrasites.

Classification of Amblygonite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.02-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BB.05

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
Dana 8th edition ID:41.5.8.1

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:22.1.1

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
1 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with fluoride
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Type Occurrence of Amblygonite

Type Locality:Chursdorf, Penig, Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany
General Appearance of Type Material:Massive
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Freiberg School of Mines, Saxony, Germany
Year of Discovery:1818
Geological Setting of type material:Pegmatite
Associated Minerals at type locality:
TourmalineTopaz

Occurrences of Amblygonite

Geological Setting:Zoned granite pegmatites, high-temperature tin veins, greisens.

Physical Properties of Amblygonite

Lustre:Vitreous, Greasy, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Pearly on well-developed cleavages.
Colour:Milk-white, yellowish, beige, salmon-pink, greenish, bluish, grey; colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:white
Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
On {100} perfect; {110} good; {011}, distinct; {001}, imperfect.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):3.04 - 3.11 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.13 g/cm3
Comment:Amblygonite end-member value is ~ 3.11.

Crystallography of Amblygonite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:P1
Cell Parameters:a = 6.644Å, b = 7.744Å, c = 6.91Å
α = 90.35°, β = 117.33°, γ = 91.01°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.858 : 1 : 0.892
Unit Cell Volume:V 315.75 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Crude crystals, typically equant to short prismatic [010], with complex form development, to 1.5 meters; also occurs as large cleavable masses; columnar; compact.
Twinning:On {111}, common, with composition plane {111} with the resulting twins commonly tabular parallel to {111} and the twinned individuals of about equal size; also tabular {110} and the twinned individuals of very unequal size. Also twins on {111}, rare; lamellar. Microscopic polysynthetic twinning is common.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
4.642(
3.300(
3.237(
3.151 (100)
2.955(
2.384(
Comments:Sample from Chursdorf, Germany

Optical Data of Amblygonite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.577 - 1.591 nβ = 1.592 - 1.605 nγ = 1.596 - 1.613
2V:Measured: 107° to 129.5°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.019 - 0.022

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r > v

Chemical Properties of Amblygonite

Formula:
(Li,Na)Al[(F,OH)|PO
 
4
]
Essential elements:Al, F, Li, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Al, F, H, Li, Na, O, P
Analytical Data:Sample from Chursdorf, Germany, by electron microprobe
P2O5 (48.44)
Al2O3 (33.90)
Li2O (10.12)
F (13.06)
H2O (0.00)
-O = F2 (5.50)
Empirical Formula:
Li
 
1.00
Al
 
0.98
[F
 
1.02
|(PO
 
4
)
 
1.01
]

Relationship of Amblygonite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Montebrasite (see here)
Related to:
  • Amblygonite Group
    • Common Associates:
    TriphyliteTourmalineTopazSpodumenePolylithionite-Trilithionite Series
    PollucitePetaliteMica GroupLithiophiliteCassiterite
    Apatite
    Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

    - +
    8.BB.05Montebrasite
    LiAl[(OH,F)|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.05Tavorite
    LiFe
    3+
     
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.10Triplite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[(F,OH)|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.10Zwieselite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.10Hydroxylwagnerite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[PO
     
    4
    		](OH)
    8.BB.15Sarkinite
    Mn
    2+
    2
    		[OH|AsO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.15Triploidite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.15Wagnerite
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.15Wolfeite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.15Stanĕkite
    Fe
    3+
     
    		(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)[O|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.15Joosteite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		(Mn
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		)[PO
     
    4
    		]O
    8.BB.20Holtedahlite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.20Satterlyite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[(OH,O)|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.25Althausite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[(OH,F)|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.30Adamite
    Zn
     
    2
    		(AsO
     
    4
    		)(OH)
    8.BB.30Eveite
    Mn
    2+
    2
    		[OH|AsO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.30Libethenite
    Cu
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.30Olivenite
    Cu
     
    2
    		[OH|AsO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.30Zincolibethenite
    CuZnPO
     
    4
    		OH
    8.BB.30Zincolivenite
    CuZn(AsO
     
    4
    		)(OH)
    8.BB.35Paradamite
    Zn
     
    2
    		[OH|AsO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.35Tarbuttite
    Zn
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.BB.40Barbosalite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.BB.40Hentschelite
    CuFe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.BB.40Lazulite
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)Al
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.BB.40Scorzalite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)Al
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.BB.40Wilhelmkleinite
    ZnFe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|AsO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.BB.45Trolleite
    Al
     
    4
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    8.BB.50Namibite
    Cu(BiO)
     
    2
    		(VO
     
    4
    		)(OH)
    8.BB.55Phosphoellenbergerite
    Mg
     
    14
    		[(OH)
     
    6
    		|(HPO
     
    4
    		,CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    6
    		]
    8.BB.60Urusovite
    Cu[AlAsO
     
    5
    		]
    8.BB.65Theoparacelsite
    Cu
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|As
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    8.BB.70Turanite
    Cu
     
    5
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|VO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.BB.75Stoiberite
    Cu
     
    5
    		[O
     
    2
    		|(VO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
    8.BB.80Fingerite
    Cu
     
    11
    		[O
     
    2
    		|(VO
     
    4
    		)
     
    6
    		]
    8.BB.85Averievite
    Cu
     
    6
    		[O
     
    2
    		|Cl
     
    2
    		|(VO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
    8.BB.90Lipscombite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)Fe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.BB.90Richellite
    Ca
     
    3
    		Fe
    3+
    10
    		[(OH,F)
     
    3
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
     
    4
    		 · nH
     
    2
    		O (not confirmed)
    8.BB.90Zinclipscombite
    ZnFe
    3+
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

    - +
    22.1.2Lacroixite
    NaAl[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.3Natrophosphate
    Na
     
    7
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		F·19H
     
    2
    		O
    22.1.5Nacaphite
    Na
     
    2
    		Ca[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.6Arctite
    Na
     
    2
    		Ca
     
    4
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		F
    22.1.7Nefedovite
    Na
     
    5
    		Ca
     
    4
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		F
    22.1.9Apatite-(CaF)
    Ca
     
    5
    		[F|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.1.10Herderite
    CaBe[(F,OH)|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.11Isokite
    CaMg[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.12Panasqueiraite
    CaMg[(OH,F)|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.13Babefphite
    BaBe[(F,OH)|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.14Fluellite
    Al
     
    2
    		[F
     
    2
    		|OH|PO
     
    4
    		] · 7H
     
    2
    		O
    22.1.15Minyulite
    KAl
     
    2
    		[(OH,F)|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		] · 4H
     
    2
    		O
    22.1.16Morinite
    Na
     
    2
    		Ca
     
    4
    		Al
     
    4
    		[(F,OH)
     
    5
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 3H
     
    2
    		O
    22.1.17Bøggildite
    Na
     
    2
    		Sr
     
    2
    		Al
     
    2
    		PO
     
    4
    		F
     
    9
    22.1.18Apatite-(SrOH)
    (Sr,Ca)
     
    5
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		(OH,F)
    22.1.19Viitaniemiite
    Na(Ca,Mn
    2+
     
    		)Al[(F,OH)
     
    3
    		|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.20Väyrynenite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Be[(OH,F)|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.21Maxwellite
    NaFe
    3+
     
    		[F|AsO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.22Wagnerite
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.23Triplite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[(F,OH)|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.24Magniotriplite
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.25Zwieselite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[F|PO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.26Mcauslanite
    HFe
    2+
    3
    		Al
     
    2
    		[F|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		] · 18H
     
    2
    		O
    22.1.27Richellite
    Ca
     
    3
    		Fe
    3+
    10
    		[(OH,F)
     
    3
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
     
    4
    		 · nH
     
    2
    		O (not confirmed)
    22.1.28Svabite
    Ca
     
    5
    		[(F,Cl,OH)|(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    22.1.29Tilasite
    CaMg[F|AsO
     
    4
    		]
    22.1.30Fermorite
    (Ca,Sr)
     
    5
    		(AsO
     
    4
    		,PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		(OH)
    22.1.31Durangite
    NaAl[F|AsO
     
    4
    		]

    Other Names for Amblygonite

    Other Languages:
    Basque:Anbligonita
    Czech:Amblygonit
    Dutch:Amblygoniet
    German:Amblygonit
    Italian:Ambligonite
    Polish:Ambligonit
    Portuguese:Ambligonita
    Russian:Амблигонит
    Spanish:Amblygonita
    Swedish:Amblygonit
    Ukrainian:Амблігоніт
    Varieties:
    Hebronite

    Other Information

    Other Information:Soluble with difficulty in acids. Colours a flame red.

    Alters to mixtures of kaolinite and mica group, often as rims surrounding rounded nodules of unaltered material. Also alters to Turquoise, Wavellite, Wardite, and Morinite.
    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Amblygonite

    Reference List:Breithaupt, A. (1818): Amblygonit.- C.A.S. Hoffmann´s Handbuch der Mineralogie, Vol. 4.2.- Freiberg, Verl. Craz & Gerlach, p. 159-161.

    Des Cloizeaux (1863) Comptes rendu de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 57: 357.

    Des Cloizeaux (1871) Comptes rendu de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 73: 306 (as Montebrasite).

    von Kobell (1872) Akademie der Wissenschaften, Munich, Sitzber.: 284 (as Hebronite).

    Pisani (1873) Annales des mines: 29: 82.

    Penfield (1879) American Journal of Science: 18: 295.

    Lacroix, A. (1910) Minéralogie de la France et des ses colonies, Paris. 5 volumes: vol. 4: 416.

    Backlund (1918) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 40: 757.

    Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 76.

    Hintze, Carl (1924) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [4A]: 626.

    Landes (1925) American Mineralogist: 10: 403, 410.

    Winchell (1926) American Mineralogist: 11: 246.

    Sekanina (1933) Spisy přiřo. fak. Masarykovy Univ., no. 180.

    Quensel (1937) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 59: 455.

    Strunz (1939) Zentralblatt Mineralien: 248.

    Richmond (1940) American Mineralogist: 25: 473.

    Tengnér (1940) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 62: 332.

    Palache, C., Richmond and Wolfe (1943) American Mineralogist: 28: 39.

    Pehrman (1945) Acta Ac. Aboensis, math Phys.: 15, no. 2.

    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 823.

    Moss, A.A., E.E. Fejer & P.G. Embrey (1969), On the X-ray identification of amblygonite and montebrasite: Mineral. Magazine: 37: 412-422.

    American Mineralogist: 75: 992-1008.

    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh & Nichols (2000), Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV.

    Internet Links for Amblygonite

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    Localities for Amblygonite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Afghanistan
     
    • Laghman (Lagman; Nuristan) Province
    Argentina
     
    • Córdoba
      • San Alberto Department
    		Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2006) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina, Vol. 2, p 428 (Asociación Mineralógica Argentina)
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Farnell Co.
    • Western Australia
    		Lapis 29(1), 7-9 (2004)
      • Greenbushes Tinfield
    		Am Min 90:1167-1176
    Brazil
     
    • Northeast Region
      • Paraíba
        • Borborema mineral province
          • Frei Martinho
    		[MinRec 22:183]
            • Quixaba
          • Pedra Lavrada
    R. Wegner, H. Pöllmann, T. Witzke, & W. Schuckmann (1998): Colquiriite, carlhintzeite, ralstonite and pachnolite from Serra Branca-Pegmatite/Brazil.- Proceedings 17th General Meeting, IMA, August 1998, Toronto, A151
      • Rio Grande do Norte
        • Borborema mineral province
          • Carnaúba dos Dantas
    		Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Doce valley
          • Conselheiro Pena
          • Divino das Laranjeiras
            • Linópolis
    		[MinRec 14:234]
    [MinRec 14:235]
    Cassedanne, J.P. (1983): Famous mineral localities: The Córrego Frio mine and vicinity, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mineralogical Record, 14 (4): 227-237 [ p.233-4]
          • Galiléia
            • Laranjeiras
    		[MinRec 21:411]
    No reference listed
    [MinRec 12:69]
          • São Geraldo do Baixio
    		Mineralogical Record 9 (1), 14-19.
          • São José da Safira
    		[MinRec 11:370]
        • Eastern Brazilian Pegmatite Province
          • Araçuaí Pegmatite District
            • Itinga
    		www.minsocam.org/MSA/Special/Pig/PIG_best_shots/Pegmatites_shots.html.
              • Monte Belo
    		[MinRec 12:74]
              • Taquaral
    		Van King
                • Laranjeira
    		Cassedanne, J.P. & J.O. (1980): A find of crystallized Rose Quartz in Minas Gerais. Mineralogical Record 11: 377-379
                • Piauí Valley
    		This locality may or may not have amblygonite. True amblygonite is rare and almost all pocket specimens are nearly pure montebrasite.
    Burma (Myanmar)
     
    • Mandalay Division
      • Sagaing District
        • Mogok
    		No reference listed
    American Mineralogist (2008) 93:1545-1549
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 4, 2000; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 439–450, 2009
    • Nova Scotia
      • Lunenberg Co.
        • New Ross
    		Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World
    http://is2.dal.ca/~dommelen/NewRoss.html.
    China
     
    • Henan Province
      • Sanmenxia Prefecture
        • Lushi Co.
          • Guanpo
    		Ruiling He and Enkui Cao (1985): Geology of Shaanxi 3(2), 39-46.
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Ji'an Prefecture
        • Anfu Co.
          • Yichun complex
    		Lin Yin, Pollard, P.J., Hu Shouxi, and Taylor, R.G. (1995): Economic Geology 90(3), 577-585.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg)
    		Povondra, P., Pivec, E. (eds.) et al.: Přibyslavice peraluminuous granite. Acta universitatis carolinae, Geologica, 1987, no. 3, s . 183 – 283.
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Aš (Asch)
    		No reference listed
        • Lázně Kynžvart
    		Černý, P., Veselovský, F.: Pegmatit Bílý kámen (Weisser Stein) u Kynžvartu. Minerál, 2000, roč. 8, č. 1, s. 10-16.
      • South Bohemia Region
        • Český Krumlov
    		Welser, P. et al.: Lithný pegmatit Nová Ves. Minerál, Special volume, 2007, roč. 15.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • South Moravia Region
        • Znojmo
    		Cech (1961) Occurrence of stokesite in Czechoslovakia. Mineralogical Magazine: 32: 673-675.
      • Vysočina Region
        • Jihlava (Iglau)
    		Staněk, J.: Příspěvky k mineralogii některých západomoravských pegmatitů. Časopis Moravského musea v Brně, 1952, roč. 37, s. 112-125.
        • Velké Meziříčí
    		Novák, M., Staněk, J.: Lepidolitový pegmatit od Dobré Vody u Velkého Meziříčí, západní Morava. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae geologicae, 1999, roč. 84, s. 3 - 44.
        • Žďár nad Sázavou
    		Novák, M.: Amblygonit a produkty jeho přeměny v Li pegmatitu z Rožné. Minerál, 2001, roč. 9, č. 5, s. 326-327
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Sud-Kivu
      • Lusungu River District
    Finland
     
    • Etelä-Suomen Lääni
      • Orivesi
        • Eräjärvi area
    		No reference listed
    • Länsi-Suomen Lääni
      • Kemiö (Kimito) Island
    		Aarne Laitakari, ”Index of Finnish Minerals with bibliography” , Bull. de la Commission Géologique de Finlande No 230, Otaniemi 1967
      • Vaasa
        • Peräseinäjoki
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Allier
        • Ébreuil
          • Échassières
    		G. Aubert : "Les coupoles granitiques de Montebras et d'Echassières (Massif Central Français) et la genèse de leur minéralisations (BRGM, 1969); NICOLAS, J. & de ROSEN, A. (1963): Le massif granitique des Colettes (Allier) et ses mineralizations. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 86, 126-128.
    • Brittany
      • Finistère
        • Plonéour-Lanvern
    		(L. Chauris, C. Laforêt and J. Cotten, Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 955-958).
    • Limousin
      • Creuse
        • Boussac
          • Montebras-en-Soumans
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826, 941.
      • Haute-Vienne
        • Bessines-sur-Gartempe
    		http://perso.wanadoo.fr/jeldemine/listes%20mineraux.html
        • Razès
          • Chanteloube
            • Vilatte Quarries (La Vilate)
    		Boisson, J. M. (1988) - Les monts d'Ambazac, Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, (2), 3-33.
        • Saint-Sylvestre
    		"Les minéraux, leurs gisements, leurs associations", P. Bariand, F. Cesbron et J. Geffroy (1977), Editions Minéraux et Fossiles, BRGM
    French Guiana
     
    Sinkankas, 1989. Emerald & Other Beryls.
    Germany
     
    • Saxony
      • Chemnitz
        • Penig
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001, 146
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826; Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols (2000) "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 4.
    A. Breithaupt (1818): Amblygonit.- C.A.S. Hoffmann´s Handbuch der Mineralogie, Band 4.2.- Freiberg, Verl. Craz & Gerlach, p. 159-161; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826.
      • Erzgebirge
        • Ehrenfriedersdorf
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826; Vollstädt, H., R. Baumgärtel: "Einheimische Edelsteine", 2nd. ed., Steinkopff (Dresden), 1977
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Italy
     
    • Tuscany
      • Livorno Province
        • Elba Island
          • Campo nell'Elba
            • San Piero in Campo
    		R. von Görgey (1908) - Amblygonit aus dem Turmalinpegmatit der Grube Fonte del Prete bei S. Piero in Campo. - Tscherm. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 26.
    Japan
     
    • Kyushu Island
      • Fukuoka Prefecture
    		The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
    Madagascar
     
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Amoron'i Mania Region
        • Ambatofinandrahana Department
          • Itremo massif
    		Ackermand et al. (2006): Lazulite-bearing metaquartzite of the Itremo Group (Central Madagascar); Scientific significance and economic importance. in Proceedings of the Malagasy-German Research Cooperation in Life and Earth sciences, 5-18
    Ackermand et al.(2006): "Lazulite-bearing metaquartzite of the Itremo Group (Central Madagascar); Scientific significance and economic importance" in Proceedings of the Malagasy-German Research Cooperation in Life and Earth sciences, 5-18
        • Ampandramaika-Malakialina Pegmatite Field
          • Ambatofinandrahana Departement
    		Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p 13-14
      • Matsiatra Region
        • Ikalamavony Department
          • Ikalamavony Pegmatite Field
    		Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive. p 13
    Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive. p 13
    Mozambique
     
    • Zambezia Province
      • Alto Ligonha District
    		No reference listed
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 4, 2000
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Davib East farm (Davib Ost farm)
    		Min Rec (2006) 37:361-470
        • Etiro
          • Etiro 50 farm
    		http://portal.unesco.org/es/file_download.php/520f77b01696f95e88bb9e1ab0e64196Gondwana+Park+draft2corr.pdf.
    Mining Ann. Review(1985):423.
        • Okongava-Ost farm
    		Keller, P. (1991): The occurrence of Li-Fe-Mn phosphate minerals in granitic pegmatites of Namibia. Communs. Geol. Surv. Namibia, 7, 21-34.
      • Swakopmund District
        • Cape Cross area
    		http://www.mineral.tu-freiberg.de/econgeology/lehre/namibia/snlipegm/snlipegm_2_4.html
    • Kunene Region
      • Damaraland District
        • Uis (Groot Uis)
    North Korea
     
    • Kangwon Province
      • Ulchin-gun
        • Wangbi-ri
    		Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    • South Hamgyong Province
      • Munchon-gun
        • Pungha-myon
    		Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    Portugal
     
    • Castelo Branco District
      • Covilhã
        • Panasqueira
    		No reference listed
      • Fundão
    		B. Charoy et al. , Eur.Journ. Mineral. , 1995, 7, pp. 335-352.
    • Guarda District
      • Trancoso
        • Cótimos
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
        • Verkhoyansk
          • Yana River Basin
            • Yana-Adycha Region
              • Arga-Ynnakh-Khai granite Massif
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Rwanda
     
    • Western Province
      • Gatumba District
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV; Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 613-615
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
        • Steinkopf
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • Zamora
    • Extremadura
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826; Strübel, Zimmer: "Lexikon der Minerale", 2nd Ed., 1991
    Sweden
     
    • Södermanland
      • Haninge
        • Utö Island
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 826.
    • Uppland
      • Sigtuna
    		No reference listed
    • Västerbotten
      • Skellefteå
    		Grensman, F & Langhof, J.(1991):Åkerberget. Guldgruva med litiumpegmatite. STEIN 18(2),20-22
    No reference listed
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Mount's Bay District
          • Breage
            • Rinsey
    		No reference listed
      • Devon
        • Okehampton area (Northern Dartmoor)
    		http://www.mineralman.f9.co.uk/quarries/meldon.htm
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Maricopa Co.
        • Morristown area
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 108.
        • San Domingo District
          • Wickenburg area
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 4, 2000
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 430; Jahns, Richard H. (1952), AZ Bur. of Mines Bull. 162.
          • San Domingo Wash
            • Morning Star Mine (Morning Star prospects; Morning Star pegmatites)
    		Jahns, R.H. (1952), Pegmatite deposits of the White Picacho District, Maricopa and Yavapai Cos., AZ, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 162: 80-81.
      • Yavapai Co.
        • White Picacho District
          • Independence Gulch
    		London, D. and Burt, D., 1982, Alteration of spodumene, Montebrasite and Lithiophilite in Pegmatites of the White Picacho District, Arizona, American Mineralogist, v 67, p. 97-113.
    • California
      • Riverside Co.
        • Cahuilla District
          • Cahuilla Mountain (Coahuila)
    		Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: p. 121-22.
    Rocks & Minerals, May, 1998
    San Diego Natural History Museum
        • Banner District
          • Rodriguez Canyon
    		Mudoch, J. and Webb, R. W. 1948. Minerals of California, Bulletin 136. State of California, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Mines, pages 39, 192.
        • Mesa Grande District
          • Gem Hill
    		Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler\'s materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37; pages 133-135.
        • Pala District
          • Hiriart Mountain (Heriart; Heriot; Hiriat Hill)
    		Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 86, 132-133.
    Rocks & Minerals: May, 1999.
    Dawson, N. E. 1963. Development of the White Queen Mine. Lapidary Journal Magazine, Volume 17, Number 5: pages 522-525, photographs.
    Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 30.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 55-57; 124-125.
        • Rincon District
          • Mack Ridge
    		Rogers, A. F. 1910. Minerals From The Pegmatite Veins Of Rincon, San Diego Co., California. Columbia University School Of Mines Quarterly Journal Of Applied Science, Vol. 31 pp. 208-218.
    • Colorado
      • Fremont Co.
        • Eight Mile Park pegmatite District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Gunnison Co.
    		Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 26 (Table A-1).
      • Larimer Co.
        • Crystal Mountain Pegmatite District (Storm Mountain District)
    		Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 30 (Table A-1).
    Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 30 (Table A-1).
    Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 30 (Table A-1).
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
        • Redding
          • Branchville
    		AmMin 31:329-345 (1946)
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Portland
          • Collins Hill
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of Connecticut and Southeastern New York State (Taylor Assoc./Mineralogical Press); Rocks & Minerals (1955) 30:351-358
    • Maine
    		Gems and Minerals of America - Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
      • Oxford Co.
        • Hebron
    		[var: Hebronite] King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, V.1.; King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine.
        • Paris
    		King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1.
        • Rumford
    		"Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd Ed." by Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1998)
    • Massachusetts
      • Worcester Co.
        • Leominster
    		Billings, M. P. and Wolfe, C. W. (1944): Spodumene Deposits in the Leominster-Sterling Area (USGS Open-File Report 45-88); Richmond and Gonyer, 1937. On Pollucite (AmMin 23:783)
    Richmond and Gonyer, 1937. On Pollucite (AmMin 23:783);
    • New Hampshire
      • Cheshire Co.
        • Walpole
    		Page & Larrabee, 1962. Beryl Resources of NH (USGS Prof. Paper 353
      • Strafford Co.
        • Strafford
          • Parker Mt
    		Switzer (1938) The Paragenesis of the Center Strafford, New Hampshire Pegmatite. American Mineralogist 23:811
      • Sullivan Co.
        • Newport
    		American Mineralogist: 37: 931-940.
    • New Mexico
      • Mora Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Taos Co.
        • Picuris District
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    A Listing of North Carolina Minerals- Leonard S. Wiener and Sigrid Ballew-1995
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain
    		Wilson,W.F and Mckenzie,B.J ,1978, Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina,Information Circular 24
        • Kings Mountain District
    		Kings Mountain Belt, Carolina Geological Society, Fieldtrip Oct 13 -15 ,1956, Thomas L. Kesler
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
          • Custer
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
          • Fourmile
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).
    Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Unorganized District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Lawrence Co.
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Harney City
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
        • Hayward
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Hill City District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
    No reference listed
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
          • Glendale
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).
          • Keystone
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 33 (Table A-1).
    U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    Dana 6: 1088; Rocks & Minerals: 10: 121-122, 146-147.
            • Greyhound Gulch
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 33 (Table A-1).
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 33 (Table A-1).; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Oreville District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Wisconsin
      • Florence Co.
    • Wyoming
    		Rocks&Min 76:23-241
    Rocks & Minerals 76:386
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Mashonaland
      • Mtoko
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 458-466
    Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 458-466
    • Masvingo District
    		http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/GSC433/Pegmatites.htm
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