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Hewettite

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Gold Quarry Mine (Maggie claims), Maggie Creek District, Eureka Co., Nevada, USA
© Antonio Borrelli

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Formula:
CaV
 
6
O
 
16
 · 9H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Deep red; chocolate ...
Member of:Hewettite Group
Name:For American geologist Donnel Foster Hewett (1881-1971), U.S. Geological Survey, who studied the mineralogy of Minasragra, Cerro de Pasco, Peru.


A secondary mineral resulting from the alteration of Patronite (TL), or from the alteration of less-oxidized vanadium minerals.

Classification of Hewettite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/G.12-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.HE.15

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
H : V[5,6] Vanadates
E : Phyllovanadates
Dana 8th edition ID:47.3.1.1

47 : VANADIUM OXYSALTS
3 : Hydrated Normal Vanadium Oxysalts
Hey's CIM Ref.:21.2.4

21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
2 : Vanadates of Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba
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Type Occurrence of Hewettite

Type Locality:Ragra Mine (Minasragra), Huayllay district, Pasco province, Pasco department, Peru
Place of Conservation of Type Material:U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA: #87459.
Year of Discovery:1914
Geological Setting of type material:Very rich vanadium deposit in sedimentary rocks.
Associated Minerals at type locality:
Patrónite

Occurrences of Hewettite

Geological Setting:Colorado Plateau-type U-V deposits

Physical Properties of Hewettite

Lustre:Adamantine, Silky
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Deep red; chocolate brown (upon exposure); red to orange in transmitted light
Comment:Extremely soft.
Density (measured):2.51 - 2.61 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.67 g/cm3

Crystallography of Hewettite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:P21/m {P1 1 21/m} {P21/m} {P1 21/m 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 12.29Å, b = 3.59Å, c = 11.174Å
β = 97.24°
Ratio:a:b:c = 3.423 : 1 : 3.113
Unit Cell Volume:V 489.08 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:1
Morphology:Crystals acicular and as fibers, elongated and intertwined parallel [010]; nodular aggregates, fracture fillings, and coatings.

Optical Data of Hewettite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.770 nβ = 2.180 nγ = 2.350 - 2.400
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.580 - 0.630

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r > v distinct
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X = Y = Light yellow-orange
Z = c = Dark red
Comments:2V medium

Chemical Properties of Hewettite

Formula:
CaV
 
6
O
 
16
 · 9H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Ca, H, O, V
All elements listed in formula:Ca, H, O, V

Relationship of Hewettite to other Species

Member of:Hewettite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Barnesite
(Na,Ca)V
 
6
O
 
16
 · 3H
 
2
O
Grantsite
(Na,Ca)V
 
6
O
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Hendersonite
(Ca,Sr)
 
1.3
V
 
6
O
 
16
 · 6H
 
2
O
Metahewettite
CaV
 
6
O
 
16
 · 3H
 
2
O
Common Associates:
TyuyamuniteSteigeriteRauviteNavajoiteMontroseite
MetahewettiteFervaniteCorvusiteCarnotite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.HE.05Melanovanadite
Ca
 
2
(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
)
 
4
O
 
10
 · 5H
 
2
O
4.HE.10Shcherbinaite
V
5+
2
O
 
5
4.HE.15Metahewettite
CaV
 
6
O
 
16
 · 3H
 
2
O
4.HE.20Bariandite
Al
 
0.6
(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
)
 
8
O
 
20
 · 9H
 
2
O
4.HE.20Bokite
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
1.3
(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
8
O
 
20
 · 7.4H
 
2
O
4.HE.20Corvusite
(Na,K,Ca,Mg)
 
2
(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
8
O
 
20
 · 6-10H
 
2
O
4.HE.20Fernandinite
(Ca,K)(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
8
O
 
20
 · 10H
 
2
O
4.HE.20Straczekite
(Ca,K,Ba)(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
)
 
8
O
 
20
 · 3H
 
2
O
4.HE.25Häggite
V
3+
 
V
4+
 
O
 
2
(OH)
 
3
4.HE.30Doloresite
V
4+
3
O
 
4
(OH)
 
4
4.HE.35Duttonite
V
4+
 
O(OH)
 
2
4.HE.40Cavoite
CaV
4+
3
O
 
7
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
21.2.1Metarossite
Ca(V
 
2
O
 
6
) · 2H
 
2
O
21.2.2Rossite
Ca(V
 
2
O
 
6
) · 4H
 
2
O
21.2.3Metahewettite
CaV
 
6
O
 
16
 · 3H
 
2
O
21.2.5Pintadoite
Ca
 
2
(V
 
2
O
 
7
) · 9H
 
2
O
21.2.6Hendersonite
(Ca,Sr)
 
1.3
V
 
6
O
 
16
 · 6H
 
2
O
21.2.7Fernandinite
(Ca,K)(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
8
O
 
20
 · 10H
 
2
O
21.2.8Pascoite
Ca
 
3
(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 17H
 
2
O
21.2.9Sherwoodite
Ca
 
4.5
(AlV
4+
2
V
5+
12
O
 
40
) · 28H
 
2
O
21.2.10Melanovanadite
Ca
 
2
(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
)
 
4
O
 
10
 · 5H
 
2
O
21.2.11Grantsite
(Na,Ca)V
 
6
O
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
21.2.12Hummerite
K
 
2
Mg
 
2
(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 16H
 
2
O
21.2.13Metadelrioite
CaSr(V
 
2
O
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
21.2.14Delrioite
CaSr(V
 
2
O
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
21.2.15Straczekite
(Ca,K,Ba)(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
)
 
8
O
 
20
 · 3H
 
2
O
21.2.16Gamagarite
Ba
 
2
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)(VO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)

Other Names for Hewettite

Other Languages:
German:Hewettit
Russian:Хьюэттит
Simplified Chinese:针钒钙石
Spanish:Hewettita

Other Information

Other Information:Reversibly dehydrates to Metahewettite. Slightly soluble in water.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Hewettite

Reference List:

- +
Hillebrand, Merwin, and Wright (1914) Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society: 53: 31.

Hillebrand, Merwin, and Wright (1914) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 54: 209.

Schaller (1937) U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 878: 118.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 1060-1061.

Bayliss, P. (1982) X-ray powder data for hewettite. Mineralogical Magazine, 46, 503–504.

Evans, H.T., Jr. (1989) The crystal structure of hewettite. Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 181–188.

Evans, H.T., Jr. and J.M. Hughes (1990) Crystal chemistry of the natural vanadium bronzes. American Mineralogist: 75: 508-521.

Internet Links for Hewettite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Hewettite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Hewettite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Southern Kazakhstan Province (Ongtüstik Qazaqstan Oblysy; Yuzhno-Kazakhstanskaya Oblast')
      • Karatau Range
        • Aksumbe
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    • Zhambyl Province (Jambyl Oblysy; Dzhambulskaya Oblast')
      • Talas Alatau Range (Talas Ala-Too Range)
    Peru
     
    • Pasco department
      • Pasco province
        • Huayllay district
    		Hillebrand, Merwin, and Wright (1914) Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society (1914): 53: 31-54; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1060.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Apache & Navajo Cos.
        • White Canyon-Monument Valley District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 295.
      • Apache Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 155; Isachsen, et al (1955); Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 78.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 250; Chenoweth, W.L. (1967), The uranium deposits of the Lukachukai Mountains, in New Mexico Geol. Soc. Guidebook 18th. Field Conf., Guidebook of Defiancee-Zuni-Mt. Taylor region, AZ & NM: 78-85.
        • Navajo Indian Reservation
          • Monument Valley
            • Monument No. 2 channel
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 250; Weeks, A.D., et al (1955), Navajoite, a new vanadium oxide from AZ, Am.Min.: 40: 207-212; Witkind, I.J. & R.E. Thaden (1963), Geology and uranium-vanadium deposits of the Monument Valley area, Apache and Navajo Cos., AZ: 115, 116; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 78.
      • Navajo Co.
        • Navajo Indian Reservation
          • Monument Valley
            • Mystery Valley
              • Monument No. 1 channel
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 250; Witkind, Irving J. & Thaden (1963), USGS Bull. 1103, Geology & Uranium-Vanadium Deposits of the Monument Valley Area Apache and Navajo Counties, Arizona: 68, 135; Witkind, I.J. (1961), The uranium-vanadium ore deposit at the Monument No. 1-Mitten No. 2 mine, Monument Valley, Navajo Co., AZ, USGS Bull. 1107-C: 219-242; Evensen, C.G. & I.B. Gray (1958), Evaluation of uranium ore guides, Monument Valley, AZ & UT, Econ. Geol.: 53: 639-662; Holland, H.D., et al (1958), The use of leachable uranium in geochemical prospecting on the Colorado Plateau-II, The distribution of leachable uranium in surface samples in the vicinity of ore bodies, Econ.Geol.: 53: 190-209.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 250; Evensen, C.G. & I.B. Gray (1958), Evaluation of uranium ore guides, Monument Valley, AZ and UT, Econ.Geol.: 53: 639-662; Witkind, I.J. (1961), The uranium-vanadium ore deposit at the Monument No. 1-Mitten No. 2 mine, Monument Valley, Navajo Co., AZ, USGS Bull. 1107-C: 219-242; Holland, H.D., et al (1958), The use of leachable uranium in geochemical prospecting on the Colorado Plateau-II, The distribution of leachable uranium in surface samples in the vicinity of ore bodies, Econ.Geol.: 53: 190-209.
    • Arkansas
      • Garland Co.
        • Wilson Springs (Potash Sulfur Springs)
          • Union Carbide Mine
    		American Mineralogist (1979), 64:713-720; Mineralogical Magazine 1984 48 : 289-293
    R&M 70:3 pp 154-170
    • Colorado
      • Mesa Co.
        • Uravan District
          • Calamity Mesa
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Montrose Co.
        • Gypsum Valley
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Uravan District
          • Bull Canyon
            • Greagor Group
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Am Min (1964) 49:1511-1526
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
          • Paradox Valley
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.; USGS Bull 1042F
    USGS Prof Paper 320
    Dana 7:I:602.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    USGS Prof Paper 320
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Uravan District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Nevada
      • Eureka Co.
        • Gibellini District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
          • Fish Creek Range
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Lynn District
          • Elko
    		MinRecord 26:467
    Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Online Documents OF06-19 - Nevada Uranium and Thorium Occurrences
        • Maggie Creek District
    		MinRec 26(5):449-469; Canadian Mineralogist: 42(3): 741-752.
    • New Mexico
      • Cibola Co.
        • Grants District
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.; Am Min (1964) 49:1511-1526
      • McKinley Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Alfredo Petrov specimen
      • San Juan Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. Rev. Ed., 1996
          • Eastside mines
    		NMBGMR Open-file Report - 466
    • South Dakota
      • Fall River Co.
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169; USGS Bull 1063D
          • Craven Canyon
    		SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    • Utah
      • Emery Co.
        • San Rafael District (San Rafael Swell)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 992, 1056; UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Grand Co.
        • La Sal Mts
          • North Mountain
            • La Sal District
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    Am Min 16:273-277
        • Yellow Cat District (W. part of Thompsons District)
          • Cisco
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • San Juan Co.
        • La Sal Quadrangle
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    Canadian Mineralogist (2001) 39, pp. 1691-1700
        • Paradox Valley
          • Paradox Valley District
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
            • La Sal Creek Canyon
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    • Wyoming
      • Crook Co.
        • Northern Black Hills District
    		USGS Bull 1082J
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