Holdawayite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Holdawayite
Formula:
Mn6(CO3)2(OH)7(Cl,OH)
Colour:
Light to bright pink
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
3.19
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Michael Jon Holdaway (b. 1936), professor of petrology and Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA, for his contributions to mineralogy ind petrology and for his efforts as editor of the American Mineralogist.
This page provides mineralogical data about Holdawayite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1919
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1919:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
460de35b-3e84-410f-844b-162ca229aa79
IMA Classification of Holdawayite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Mn2+6(CO3)2(OH)7(Cl,OH)
Approval year:
1986
First published:
1988
Classification of Holdawayite
5.BA.20
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
B : Carbonates with additional anions, without H2O
A : With Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Mg, Mn
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
B : Carbonates with additional anions, without H2O
A : With Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Mg, Mn
16b.4.2.2
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : AmBn(XO3)pZqxH2O & with (m+n):p = 3:1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : AmBn(XO3)pZq
11.12.2
11 : Carbonates
12 : Carbonates of Mn
11 : Carbonates
12 : Carbonates of Mn
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Hdw | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Holdawayite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Light to bright pink
Comment:
It gradually changes to a brown color on exposure and in some cases has developed a thin black sooty coating that masks the true color
Streak:
Light pink
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{100}
{100}
Density:
3.19(4) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.24 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Holdawayite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.644(1) nβ = 1.719(1) nγ = 1.721(1)
2V:
Measured: 12° to 18°, Calculated: 16°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.077
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
relatively strong
Optical Extinction:
X = b; Z ∧ c = 45(3)° in the obtuse angle of beta.
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Holdawayite
Mindat Formula:
Mn6(CO3)2(OH)7(Cl,OH)
Crystallography of Holdawayite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 23.437(5) Å, b = 3.3137(3) Å, c = 16.618(6) Å
β = 111.15(2)°
β = 111.15(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 7.073 : 1 : 5.015
Unit Cell V:
1,203.67 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Granular aggregates or massive. Fibrous, elongated along [001].
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0001165 | Holdawayite | Peacor D R, Rouse R C (1988) Holdawayite, Mn6(CO3)2(OH)7(Cl,OH), a structure containing anions in zeolite-like channels American Mineralogist 73 637-642 |  | 1988 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 10.93 Å | (100) |
| 7.77 Å | (40) |
| 5.459 Å | (80) |
| 3.879 Å | (70) |
| 2.926 Å | (40) |
| 2.690 Å | (60b) |
| 2.589 Å | (50b) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Holdawayite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Subhedral crystals approximately 2 cm in diameter.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, numbers 51510, 51511.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 163209.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 163209.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Tectonically intercalated manganese and iron ores, which are locally dominated by carbonate- and silicate-facies rocks rather than by the more usual hausmannite ores.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Peacor, D.R., Essene, E.J., Rouse, R.C., Dunn, P.J., Nelen, J.A., Grice, J.D., Innes, J., von Knorring, O. (1988) Holdawayite, a new manganese hydroxyl-carbonate from the Kombat mine, Namibia. American Mineralogist: 73: 632-636.
Synonyms of Holdawayite
Other Language Names for Holdawayite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 5.BA. | Perchiazziite | Co2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.05 | Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Georgeite | [Cu(OH)2-x(H2O)x][CO3]x/2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Glaukosphaerite | (Cu,Ni)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Kolwezite | CuCo(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Mcguinnessite | (Mg,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Nullaginite | Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Pokrovskite | Mg2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Zincrosasite | (Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Chukanovite | Fe2+2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.10 | Parádsasvárite | Zn2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 5.BA.15 | Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| 5.BA.15 | Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| 5.BA.25 | Defernite | Ca6(CO3)1.58(Si2O7)0.21(OH)7[Cl0.50(OH)0.08(H2O)0.42] |
| 5.BA.25 | UM1977-03-COSiO:CaClH | Ca10-11(CO3)7(SiO4)Cl1-2(OH)1-2 |
| 5.BA.30 | Loseyite | (Mn2+,Zn,Mg)4Zn3(CO3)2(OH)10 |
| 5.BA.30 | Sclarite | Zn7(CO3)2(OH)10 |
Fluorescence of Holdawayite
None
Other Information
Notes:
Effervesces weakly in dilute HCl. It is stained light pink with an alizain-red-dilute HCl mixture.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Holdawayite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1919.html
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References for Holdawayite
Reference List:
Peacor, Donald R., Essene, Eric J., Rouse, Roland C., Dunn, Pete J., Nelen, Joseph A., Grice, Joel D., Innes, John, Knorring, Oleg Von (1988) Holdawayite, a new manganese hydroxyl-carbonate from the Kombat mine, Namibia. American Mineralogist, 73 (5-6) 632-636
Peacor, Donald R., Rouse, Roland C. (1988) Holdawayite, Mn6(CO3)2(OH)7(Cl,OH), a structure containing anions in zeolite-like channels. American Mineralogist, 73 (5-6) 637-642
Localities for Holdawayite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Der Aufschluss Vol.55 |
Namibia (TL) | |
| Peacor et al. (1988) |
Romania | |
| Udubasa et al. (1996) +2 other references |
Quick NavTopAbout HoldawayiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Kombat Mine, Kombat, Otavi Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia