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Hollingworthite

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Formula:
(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Colour:GreyHardness:6 - 6½
Member of:Cobaltite Group

Classification of Hollingworthite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/D.18-50
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.EB.25

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
Dana 8th edition ID:2.12.3.8

2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
Hey's CIM Ref.:3.12.12

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals
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Type Occurrence of Hollingworthite

Type Locality:Driekop mine, Sekhukhuneland, Burgersfort, Bushveld Complex, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Year of Discovery:1965

Physical Properties of Hollingworthite

Lustre:Metallic
Colour:Grey
Hardness (Mohs):6 - 6½

Chemical Properties of Hollingworthite

Formula:
(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Essential elements:As, Rh, S
All elements listed in formula:As, Pd, Pt, Rh, S
Common Impurities:Ir,Ru,Fe

Relationship of Hollingworthite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Irarsite (see here)
Member of:Cobaltite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Changchengite
IrBiS
Cobaltite
CoAsS
Gersdorffite
NiAsS
Irarsite
(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Jolliffeite
NiAsSe
Kalungaite
PdAsSe
Krutovite
NiAs
 
2
Maslovite
PtBiTe
Mayingite
IrBiTe
Michenerite
PdBiTe
Milotaite
PdSbSe
Padmaite
PdBiSe
Platarsite
(Pt,Rh,Ru)AsS
Testibiopalladite
PdTe(Sb,Te)
Tolovkite
IrSbS
Ullmannite
NiSbS
Willyamite
(Co,Ni)SbS
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.EB.05aAurostibite
AuSb
 
2
2.EB.05bBambollaite
Cu(Se,Te)
 
2
2.EB.05aCattierite
CoS
 
2
2.EB.05aErlichmanite
OsS
 
2
2.EB.05aFukuchilite
Cu
 
3
FeS
 
8
2.EB.05aGeversite
PtSb
 
2
2.EB.05aHauerite
MnS
 
2
2.EB.05aInsizwaite
Pt(Bi,Sb)
 
2
2.EB.05aKrut'aite
CuSe
 
2
2.EB.05aLaurite
RuS
 
2
2.EB.05aPenroseite
(Ni,Co,Cu)Se
 
2
2.EB.05aPyrite
FeS
 
2
2.EB.05aSperrylite
PtAs
 
2
2.EB.05aTrogtalite
CoSe
 
2
2.EB.05aVaesite
NiS
 
2
2.EB.05aVillamaninite
(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S
 
2
2.EB.05aDzharkenite
FeSe
 
2
2.EB.05aGaotaiite
Ir
 
3
Te
 
8
2.EB.10bAlloclasite
Co
 
1-x
Fe
 
x
AsS
2.EB.10dCostibite
CoSbS
2.EB.10aFerroselite
FeSe
 
2
2.EB.10aFrohbergite
FeTe
 
2
2.EB.10cGlaucodot
(Co
 
0.50
Fe
 
0.50
)AsS
2.EB.10aKullerudite
NiSe
 
2
2.EB.10aMarcasite
FeS
 
2
2.EB.10aMattagamite
CoTe
 
2
2.EB.10eParacostibite
CoSbS
2.EB.10ePararammelsbergite
NiAs
 
2
2.EB.10fOenite
CoSbAs
2.EB.15aAnduoite
(Ru,Os)As
 
2
2.EB.15aClinosafflorite
(Co,Fe,Ni)As
 
2
2.EB.15aLöllingite
FeAs
 
2
2.EB.15aNisbite
NiSb
 
2
2.EB.15aOmeiite
(Os,Ru)As
 
2
2.EB.15cPaxite
CuAs
 
2
2.EB.15aRammelsbergite
NiAs
 
2
2.EB.15aSafflorite
(Co,Fe,Ni)As
 
2
2.EB.15bSeinäjokite
(Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)
 
2
2.EB.20Arsenopyrite
FeAsS
2.EB.20Gudmundite
FeSbS
2.EB.20Osarsite
(Os,Ru)AsS
2.EB.20Ruarsite
(Ru,Os)AsS
2.EB.25Cobaltite
CoAsS
2.EB.25Gersdorffite
NiAsS
2.EB.25Irarsite
(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
2.EB.25Jolliffeite
NiAsSe
2.EB.25Krutovite
NiAs
 
2
2.EB.25Maslovite
PtBiTe
2.EB.25Michenerite
PdBiTe
2.EB.25Padmaite
PdBiSe
2.EB.25Platarsite
(Pt,Rh,Ru)AsS
2.EB.25Testibiopalladite
PdTe(Sb,Te)
2.EB.25Tolovkite
IrSbS
2.EB.25Ullmannite
NiSbS
2.EB.25Willyamite
(Co,Ni)SbS
2.EB.25Changchengite
IrBiS
2.EB.25Mayingite
IrBiTe
2.EB.25Hollingsworthite
2.EB.25Kalungaite
PdAsSe
2.EB.25Milotaite
PdSbSe
2.EB.30Urvantsevite
Pd(Bi,Pb)
 
2
2.EB.35Rheniite
ReS
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
3.12.1Seinäjokite
(Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)
 
2
3.12.2Laurite
RuS
 
2
3.12.3Ruthenarsenite
(Ru,Ni)As
3.12.4Anduoite
(Ru,Os)As
 
2
3.12.5Ruarsite
(Ru,Os)AsS
3.12.6Xingzhongite
(Pb,Cu,Fe)(Ir,Pt,Rh)
 
2
S
 
4
3.12.7Rhodplumsite
Rh
 
3
Pb
 
2
S
 
2
3.12.8Cuprorhodsite
(Cu,Fe)Rh
 
2
S
 
4
3.12.9Konderite
Cu
 
3
Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)
 
8
S
 
16
3.12.10Bowieite
(Rh,Ir,Pt)
 
2
S
 
3
3.12.11Cherepanovite
RhAs
3.12.13Vysotskite
(Pd,Ni)S
3.12.14Vasilite
(Pd,Cu)
 
16
(S,Te)
 
7
3.12.15Palladseite
Pd
 
17
Se
 
15
3.12.16Oosterboschite
(Pd,Cu)
 
7
Se
 
5
3.12.17Telluropalladinite
Pd
 
9
Te
 
4
3.12.18Temagamite
Pd
 
3
HgTe
 
3
3.12.19Sopcheite
Ag
 
4
Pd
 
3
Te
 
4
3.12.20Michenerite
PdBiTe
3.12.21Kotulskite
Pd(Te,Bi)
 
1-2
3.12.22Telargpalite
(Pd,Ag)
 
3
(Te,Bi)
3.12.23Merenskyite
(Pd,Pt)(Te,Bi)
 
2
3.12.24Palladoarsenide
Pd
 
2
As
3.12.25Stillwaterite
Pd
 
8
As
 
3
3.12.26Atheneite
Pd
 
2
As
 
0.75
Hg
 
0.25
3.12.27Majakite
PdNiAs
3.12.28Palarstanide
Pd
 
8
(As,Sn)
 
3
3.12.29Arsenopalladinite
Pd
 
8
(As,Sb)
 
3
3.12.30Vincentite
Pd
 
3
As
3.12.31Palladobismutharsenide
Pd
 
2
(As,Bi)
3.12.32Stibiopalladinite
Pd
 
5
Sb
 
2
3.12.33Hexatestibiopanickelite
(Pd,Ni)(Sb,Te)
3.12.34Sudburyite
(Pd,Ni)Sb
3.12.35Testibiopalladite
PdTe(Sb,Te)
3.12.36Borovskite
Pd
 
3
SbTe
 
4
3.12.37Isomertieite
Pd
 
11
Sb
 
2
As
 
2
3.12.38Mertieite-I
Pd
 
11
(Sb,As)
 
4
3.12.39Mertieite-II
Pd
 
8
(Sb,As)
 
3
3.12.40Sobolevskite
PdBi
3.12.41Froodite
α-PdBi
 
2
3.12.42Polarite
Pd(Bi,Pb)
3.12.43Urvantsevite
Pd(Bi,Pb)
 
2
3.12.44Cooperite
PtS
3.12.45Braggite
(Pt,Pd,Ni)S
3.12.46Kharaelakhite
(Cu,Pt,Pb,Fe,Ni)
 
9
S
 
8
3.12.47Malanite
Cu(Pt
3+
 
,Ir
3+
 
)
 
2
S
 
4
3.12.48Moncheite
(Pt,Pd)(Te,Bi)
 
2
3.12.49Maslovite
PtBiTe
3.12.50Sperrylite
PtAs
 
2
3.12.51Platarsite
(Pt,Rh,Ru)AsS
3.12.52Geversite
PtSb
 
2
3.12.53Daomanite
CuPtAsS
 
2
3.12.54Genkinite
(Pt,Pd,Rh)
 
4
Sb
 
3
3.12.55Stumpflite
Pt(Sb,Bi)
3.12.56Insizwaite
Pt(Bi,Sb)
 
2
3.12.57Erlichmanite
OsS
 
2
3.12.58Omeiite
(Os,Ru)As
 
2
3.12.59Osarsite
(Os,Ru)AsS
3.12.60Kashinite
(Ir,Rh)
 
2
S
 
3
3.12.61Inaglyite
Cu
 
3
Pb(Ir,Pt)
 
8
S
 
16
3.12.62Cuproiridsite
(Cu,Fe)Ir
 
2
S
 
4
3.12.63Iridarsenite
(Ir,Ru)As
 
2
3.12.64Irarsite
(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
3.12.65Tolovkite
IrSbS

Other Names for Hollingworthite

Synonyms:
HollingsworthiteIMA1964-029
Other Languages:
German:Hollingsworthit
Hollingworthit
Russian:Холлингуортит
Simplified Chinese:硫砷铑矿
Spanish:Hollingsworthita
Hollingworthita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Hollingworthite

Reference List:

- +
American Mineralogist: 50: 1068-1074.

American Mineralogist: 76 (1991): 1694-1700.

Mineralium Deposita: 22: 178-184.

Nature: 198: 382.

Internet Links for Hollingworthite

Search Engines:
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  • External Links:
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  • Look for Hollingworthite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Hollingworthite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Hollingworthite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
  • Mineral Dealers:
  • Hollingworthite specimens for sale - minfind.com
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  • webminerals
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  • Find Hollingworthite on www.crystalclassics.co.uk
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  • Fabre Minerals - search for Hollingworthite specimens
  • Jobs:
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  • Localities for Hollingworthite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Albania
     
    • Tropoja ophiolitic Massif
    Gornostayev, S.S., Ohnenstetter, M., Neziraj, A., Ohnenstetter, D., Laajoki, K.V.O., Popovchenko, S.E., and Kornienko, P.K. (2001): Canadian Mineralogist 39(2), 591-606.
    Argentina
     
    • San Luis
    Mineralogical Magazine 1997 61 : 861-877; FERRACUTTI, G.; BJERG, E. and MOGESSIE, A.. Precious and base metals in Las Águilas, Sierra de San Luis: Mineralogy, genesis and evolution. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2007, vol.62, n.3, pp. 434-446.; Mineralogy and Petrology (2000) 68: 85-114
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Leoben
    Min.& Pet. 73:247-277
    Botswana
     
    • North-East District
      • Francistown District
    Maier, W.D., Barnes, S.-J., Chinyepi, G., Barton, Jr., J.M., Eglington, B., and Setshedi, I. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 37-60.
    Brazil
     
    • Bahia
    33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Diversity of Platinum group minerals (PGM) in chromitites from Brazil, preliminary results
    • Goiás
      • Hidrolândia
    33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Diversity of Platinum group minerals (PGM) in chromitites from Brazil, preliminary results
    • Pará
      • Carajás mineral province
        • Curionópolis
    33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Diversity of Platinum group minerals (PGM) in chromitites from Brazil, preliminary results
    • São Paulo
    33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Diversity of Platinum group minerals (PGM) in chromitites from Brazil, preliminary results
    Bulgaria
     
    • Blagoevgrad Oblast
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Similkameen Mining Division
    Nixon, G.T., Cabri, L.J., and Laflamme, J.H.G. (1990) Platinum-group-element mineralizaton in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist: 28, 503-535.
    • New Brunswick
      • Kings Co.
        • Cardwell Parish
    Can. Min. 45, 775; Grammatikopoulos, T.A., Hiebert, R.S., Barr, S.M. and Valeyev, O., (2006) Cu-Ni-PGM Mineralization In The Mechanic Settlement Pluton, Southern New Brunswick, Canada. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31
    • Ontario
      • Kenora District
        • Kenora
    Dana's New Mineralogy
      • Rainy River District
    N. T. Pettigrew, K. H. Hattori, and J. A. Percival. (2000) Samuels Lake intrusion: a Late Archean Cu-Ni-PGE-bearing mafic-ultramafic complex in the western Quetico Subprovince, northwestern Ontario. GSC Current Research 2000 C20
    Dana's New Mineralogy
        • McKim Township
    Ames, D.E., Kjarsgaard, I.M., and Douma, S.L., 2003, Sudbury Ni-Cu-PGE Ore Mineralogy Compilation: Sudbury Targeted Geoscience Initiative (TGI): Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 1787
    Ames, D.E., Kjarsgaard, I.M., and Douma, S.L., 2003, Sudbury Ni-Cu-PGE Ore Mineralogy Compilation: Sudbury Targeted Geoscience Initiative (TGI): Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 1787
        • Snider Township
    Ames, D.E., Kjarsgaard, I.M., and Douma, S.L., 2003, Sudbury Ni-Cu-PGE Ore Mineralogy Compilation: Sudbury Targeted Geoscience Initiative (TGI): Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 1787
        • Sudbury
    Ford, F.D., Wecholaz, C.R. & Lee, A. (2011) Predicting process outcomes for Sudbury platinum-group minerals using grade-recovery modeling from mineral liberation analyzer (MLA) data. Canadian Mineralogist 49, 1627-1642.
    Sarah A. S. Dare, Sarah-Jane Barnes and Hazel M. Prichard (2010): The distribution of platinum group elements (PGE) and other chalcophile elements among sulfides from the Creighton Ni–Cu–PGE sulfide deposit, Sudbury, Canada, and the origin of palladium in pentlandite. Mineralium Deposita 45, 765-793.
        • Worthington offset
    Ames, D.E., Kjarsgaard, I.M., and Douma, S.L., 2003, Sudbury Ni-Cu-PGE Ore Mineralogy Compilation: Sudbury Targeted Geoscience Initiative (TGI): Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 1787
      • Thunder Bay District
        • Marathon
    Watkinson & Ohnenstetter (1992)
    Can. Min. 30, 121
    American Mineralogist, Volume 76, pages 1694-1700, 199l
      • Timiskaming District
        • Boston Township
    Econ Geol (1993) 88:817-836
    • Québec
      • Nord-du-Québec
        • Nunavik
          • Ungava
    Charlie L. Seabrook, Hazel M. Prichard and Peter C. Fisher (2004) Platinum-group minerals in the Raglan Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposit, Cape Smith, Quebec, Canada (in Platinum-group elements; petrology, geochemistry, mineralogy) The Canadian Mineralogist 42:485-497
    • Yukon Territory
      • Whitehorse Mining District
        • Kluane District
    Barkov, A.Y., Laflamme, J.H.G., Cabri, L.J., and Martin, R.F. (2002) Platinum-group minerals from the Wellgreen Cu-Ni-PGE deposit, Yukon, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist: 40: 651-669.
    China
     
    • Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
      • Ulanhad League (Chifeng Prefecture)
        • Hexigten Banner (Keshiketeng Co.)
    Jingbin Wang, Yuwang Wang, and Lijuan Wang (1998): Geological Exploration for Non-Ferrous Metals 7(3), 142-145
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Katanga Copper Crescent
        • Kolwezi District
          • Kolwezi
    www.ulb.ac.be/sciences/katangapgm/CAP.pdf.
    Ethiopia
     
    • Oromia (Oromiya) Province
      • Gimbi
    Econ Geol (1986) 81:1278-1285
    Finland
     
    • Lapland Region
      • Penikat complex
    Econ Geol (1986) 81:1126-1136
    Econ Geol (1986) 81:1126-1136
      • Portimo complex
    • Northern Finland Region
      • Nivala
    K.K. Kojonen et al.: Can. Mineral. 42:539-544 (2004); Econ Geol (1986) 81:1236-1241
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Straubing
    Morphogenetic studies of PGM grains in alluvial-fluvial placer deposits from the Bayerischer Wald, SE Germany: hollingworthite and ferroan platinum, Harald G.Dill, Berthold Weber, Gustav Steyer.
    Greece
     
    • Epirus (Ipeiros) Department
      • Pindos Mts
        • Pindos ophiolite complex
    Argyrios Kapsiotis, Tassos A. Grammatikopoulos, Basilios Tsikouras and Konstantinos Hatzipanagiotou (2010): Platinum-Group Mineral Characterization in Concentrates from High-Grade PGE Al-rich Chromitites of Korydallos Area in the Pindos Ophiolite Complex (NW Greece). Resource Geology 60, 178-191.
    Argirios Kapsiotis, Tassos A. Grammatikopoulos, Basilios Tsikouras, Konstantin Hatzipanagiotou, Federica Zaccarini und Giorgio Garuti (2011): Mineralogy, composition and PGM of chromitites from Pefki, Pindos ophiolite complex (NW Greece): evidence for progressively elevated fAs conditions in the upper mantle sequence. Mineralogy and Petrology 101, 129-150.
    Greenland
     
    • Tunu (East Greenland) Province
      • Kruuse Firth (Kruuse Fjord)
    Econ Geol (1997) 92:490-501
    India
     
    • Orissa
    CanMin 40:277-309
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido
    Urashima et al (1982) Reports of the Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University, 31, 129-140.
    Madagascar
     
    • Mahajanga (Majunga) Province
      • Betsiboka Region
        • Tsaratanàna District
          • Andriamena Commune
    McDonald, I., Ohnenstetter, D., Ohnenstetter, M., and Vaughan, D.J. (1999): Palladium oxides in ultramafic complexes near Lavatrafo, western Andriamena, Madagascar. Mineralogical Magazine. 63: 345-352
    • Toamasina Province (Tamatave)
      • Eastern Region (Atsinanana Region)
        • Antanambao Manampotsy District
    Legendre, O., and Augé, T. (1992): Alluvial platinum-group minerals from the Manampotsy area, east Madagascar. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 39, 389-404
        • Vatomandry District
          • Sahafary
    Augé, T. & Legendre, O. (1992): Pt-Fe nuggets from alluvial deposits in eastern Madagascar. Canadian Mineralogist 30, 983-1004
    New Caledonia
     
    • Southern Province
      • Ouen Island
    33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Platinum-group minerals in chromitite schlieren from the ouen island, new caledonia ophiolite
    Norway
     
    • Sør-Trøndelag
      • Røros
        • Feragen
    Nilson, L. P. (1990): Platinum-group mineral inclusions in chromitite from the Osthammeren ultramafic tectonite body, South Central Norway. Mineralogy and Petrology 42: 249-263
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
        • Taimyr Peninsula
          • Putoran Plateau
    Econ Geol (1986) 81:1203-1212
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Kamchatka Oblast'
    Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis
    [CanMin 38 p1251-1264 "The association of platinum-group minerals in placers of the Pustaya River, Kamchatka, Russia"]
      • Khabarovskiy Kray
        • Ayan-Maya district
          • Aldan shield
    [MinRec 31:201]
    Cabri, L.J., Laflamme, H.H. Giles, (1997), Platinum Group Minerals from the Konder Massif, Russian Far East, Min Rec. 28, 97-106
    • Northern Region
      • Karelia Republic
        • Northern Karelia
          • Oulanka plutonic complex
            • Olanga (Oulanka) River
              • Lukkulaisvaara ultrabasic Massif (Lukkulaisvaara pluton; Lukkulaisvaara layered intrusion)
    Can Min (2002) 40, (2), 679-692; Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 973-978.
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Monche-Tundra
    http://www.duke.edu/~boudreau/9thPtSymposium/Grokhovskaya_Abstract.pdf
    http://www4.geology.utoronto.ca/faculty/mungall/Website/igcp479northasia/dp803.html.
    • Western-Siberian Region
      • Polar Urals
        • Tyumenskaya Oblast'
          • Rai-Iz (Raiz)
    Jan Pašava, Ilja Knésl, Anna Vymazalová, Ivan Vavřín, Ludmila Ivanovna Gurskaya, Leonid Ruslanovich Kolbantsev (2011) Geochemistry and mineralogy of platinum-group elements (PGE) in chromites from Centralnoye I, Polar Urals, Russia. Geoscience Frontiers 2:81-85
    South Africa
     
    • Free State Province
    Minerals of South Africa
    • Limpopo Province
    www.bgr.de/b423/oberthuer_ptconf_pgm_bushveld.pdf.
        • Burgersfort
          • Sekhukhuneland
    AM 50 (1965), 1068; HB1 (1990)
    The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43, pp. 1711-1734 (2005)
    Spain
     
    • Andalusia
      • Málaga
        • Ojén
    Mineralogy and Petrology: 56: 25-50.
    • Galicia
      • A Coruña (La Coruña)
        • Cariño (Ortigueira)
          • Cabo Ortegal complex
    Monterrubio, S. y Lunar, R. (1990). Mineralogía y química de los sulfuros de Ni-Fe-Cu asociados a las rocas ultramaficas de macizo de Herbeira (complejo de Cabo Ortegal, La Coruña). Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Mineralogía, 13-1, 47-48.; Madon, M., Gil, J.I., Via, J. and Girardeau, J. (1991). Characterization and thermodynamic properties of andradite, Ca3Fe2Si3O12. American Mineralogist, 76:1249-1260.; Moreno, T., Lunar, R., Prichard, H.M., Monterrubio, S. and Ortega, L. (1999) Platinum-group element mineralization in chromitites from the ultramafic massifs of the Cabo Ortegal complex. Geogaceta, 25:135-138.; Moreno, T., Gibbons, W., Lunar, R., Prichard, H.M., Monterrubio, S. and García-izquierdo, B. (2002) Concentraciones de cromita y elementos del grupo del platino en las rocas ultramáficas del complejo de Cabo Ortegal (NO de España): implicaciones tectónicas. Bol. Soc. Esp. Min., 25:129-144.; García, B., Lunar, R. and Capote, R. (2002). Difusión de Al-Cr en espinelas durante la deformación en rocas ultramáficas de los complejos de Cabo Ortegal (NO de España) y de BraganÇa (NE de Portugal). Bol. Soc. Esp. Min., 25A:37-44.
        • Cedeira
          • Cabo Ortegal complex
    Monterrubio, S. y Lunar, R. (1990). Mineralogía y química de los sulfuros de Ni-Fe-Cu asociados a las rocas ultramaficas de macizo de Herbeira (complejo de Cabo Ortegal, La Coruña). Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Mineralogía, 13-1, 47-48.
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • Shetland Islands
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; A G Gunn, R C Leake and M T Styles (1985) Platinum-group element mineralisation in the Unst ophiolite, Shetland British Geological Survey Mineral Reconnaissance report 73
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Bethel Borough
    www.cannonmicroprobe.com/Mineral_Specimens.htm
    USGS Bull 1660
    USGS Open-File Report 01-269
    USGS Open-File Report 01-269
        • Goodnews Bay District
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    • California
      • Nevada Co.
        • North San Juan District (Badger Hill District)
          • Yuba River
    Sjoberg, J. and Gomes, J.M. (1980) Platinum-group minerals in California alluvial deposits. US Bureau of Mines, Reno Research Center, unpublished manuscript: 15, figure 1; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 63-64.
      • Yuba Co.
        • Hammonton District (Yuba River District; Yuba Gold Field; Yuba Dredge Field; Yuba Consolidated Gold Fields)
          • Hammonton
    Sjoberg, J. and Gomes, J.M. (1980) Platinum-group minerals in California alluvial deposits. US Bureau of Mines, Reno Research Center, unpublished manuscript: 15; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 63-64.
    • Montana
      • Stillwater Co.
        • Nye
    Gobla, M.J. (2012) Montana mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 87, #3, 208-240.
    Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
    Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
    • Pennsylvania
      • Chester Co.
        • State Line Chromite District
    Smith and Barnes (2011) Pennsylvania Geology v. 41, no. 3/4.
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Masvingo
      • Chiredzi Mining District (Hartley Mining District)
        • Chiredzi
    Economic Geology (1990) 85:556-584; Allan H. Wilson and Martin D. Prendergast (2001) Platinum-Group Element Mineralisation in the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe, and its Relationship to Magma Evolution and Magma Chamber Structure. South African Journal of Geology, 104:319-342
    • Midlands
      • Shurugwi (Selukwe) District
    Allan H. Wilson and Martin D. Prendergast (2001) Platinum-Group Element Mineralisation in the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe, and its Relationship to Magma Evolution and Magma Chamber Structure. South African Journal of Geology, 104:319-342
      • Zvishavane (Shurugwi; Selukwe) District
        • Zvishavane (Shabani; Shabanie; Shavani)
    Allan H. Wilson and Martin D. Prendergast (2001) Platinum-Group Element Mineralisation in the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe, and its Relationship to Magma Evolution and Magma Chamber Structure. South African Journal of Geology, 104:319-342
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