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Holmquistite

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Spodumene prospect (Brandrücken exploration adit), Brandrücken, Moschkogel Mt. - Weinebene area, Koralpe Mts, Carinthia, Austria
© AC

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Formula:
☐{Li
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
System:OrthorhombicColour:Black, dark-violet, ...
Lustre:VitreousHardness:5½
Member of:Mg-Fe-Mn-Li Ortho-Amphibole Subgroup > Amphibole Group
Name:For Per Johan Holmquist (1866-1946), petrologist from Stockholm, Sweden


Amphibole Group. Mg-Fe-Mn-Li Ortho-Amphibole Subgroup. Ferroholmquistite-Holmquistite Series.

Classification of Holmquistite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.12-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DD.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
D : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Orthoamphiboles
Dana 8th edition ID:66.1.2.9

66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
1 : Amphiboles - Mg-Fe-Mn-Li subgroup
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.1.9

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
1 : Aluminosilicates of Li
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Type Occurrence of Holmquistite

Type Locality:Utö Mines, Utö, Södermanland, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1913

Physical Properties of Holmquistite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Black, dark-violet, light sky-blue.
Streak:White with sky-blue tinge.
Hardness (Mohs):5½

Crystallography of Holmquistite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 18.3Å, b = 17.69Å, c = 5.3Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.034 : 1 : 0.3
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,715.75 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Holmquistite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.613 - 1.625 nβ = 1.634 - 1.645 nγ = 1.646 - 1.666
2V:Measured: 49° , Calculated: 72° to 90°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.033 - 0.041

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r < v strong

Chemical Properties of Holmquistite

Formula:
☐{Li
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Essential elements:Al, H, Li, Mg, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, H, Li, Mg, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Mn,Ca,Na,K,F

Relationship of Holmquistite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Ferroholmquistite (see here)
Member of:Mg-Fe-Mn-Li Ortho-Amphibole Subgroup > Amphibole Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Anthophyllite
☐{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Ferro-anthophyllite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Ferrogedrite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Gedrite
☐{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Protoferro-anthophyllite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Protomangano-ferro-anthophyllite
☐{Mn
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Sodic-ferro-anthophyllite
{Na}{NaFe
2+
 
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Sodic-ferrogedrite
{Na}{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
4
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Sodicanthophyllite
{Na}{NaMg}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Sodicgedrite
{Na}{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.DD.05Ferro-anthophyllite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Ferrogedrite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Gedrite
☐{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Protoferro-anthophyllite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Protomangano-ferro-anthophyllite
☐{Mn
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Sodicanthophyllite
{Na}{NaMg}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Sodic-ferro-anthophyllite
{Na}{NaFe
2+
 
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Sodic-ferrogedrite
{Na}{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
4
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Sodicgedrite
{Na}{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Ferroholmquistite
☐{Li
 
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DD.05Protoanthophyllite
☐{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
16.1.1Petalite
LiAl(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)
16.1.2Spodumene
LiAlSi
 
2
O
 
6
16.1.3Eucryptite
LiAlSiO
 
4
16.1.4Virgilite
LiAlSi
 
2
O
 
6
16.1.5Cookeite
LiAl
 
4
(AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
8
16.1.6Bikitaite
LiAlSi
 
2
O
 
6
 · H
 
2
O
16.1.7Lunijianlaite
Li
 
0.7
Al
 
6.2
(AlSi
 
7
lO
 
20
)(OH,O)
 
10
16.1.8Swinefordite
Li(Al,Li,Mg)
 
4
((Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
4
 · nH
 
2
O
16.1.13Clinoferroholmquistite
☐{Li
 
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH,F)
 
2
16.1.14Magnesioholmquistite
16.1.15Bityite
LiCaAl
 
2
(AlBeSi
 
2
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
16.1.16Sogdianite
K(□,Na)
 
2
Li
 
3
(Zr,Fe,Ti)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
16.1.17Sugilite
K(Na,□)
 
2
Li
 
3
(Fe,Mn,Al,Zr)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]

Other Names for Holmquistite

Synonyms:
LithionglaukophanLithium-AmphiboleMagnesioholmquistite
Other Languages:
German:Holmquistit
Italian:Holmquistite
Russian:Холмквистит
Spanish:Holmquistita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Holmquistite

Reference List:

- +
Mineralogical Record: 29 (1998): 169-174.

Ishida, K. and Hawthorne, F.C. (2003). Fine structure in the infrared OH-stretching bands of holmquistite and anthophyllite. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 30: 330-336.

Hawthorne, Frank C., and Roberta Oberti (2006), On the classification of amphiboles: Canadian Mineralogist:
44(1): 1-21.

Internet Links for Holmquistite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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  • Holmquistite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Holmquistite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Western Australia
      • Goldfields-Esperance region
        • Kalgoorlie-Boulder City
          • Kalgoorlie
    		Wilkins, R.W.T., Davidson, L.R., and Ross, J.R. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 28, 280-287.
      • Greenbushes Tinfield
    		Am Min 90:1167-1176; Econ Geol (1995) 90:616-635
      • Mt Marion
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Koralpe Mts
        • Moschkogel Mt. - Weinebene area
          • Brandrücken
    		F. Walter (1992) Eur. Journ. Mineral. 4, 1275-1283; G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
      • Millstatt lake ridge
        • Spittal
    		Walter, F. (2009)
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Mortes valley
        • Nazareno
    		J. Quéméneur & M. Lagache (1994): LA HOLMQUISTITE DES PEGMATITES DE VOLTA GRANDE PRES DE SÃO JOÃO DEL REI, MINAS GERAIS, BRESIL: CARACTERISTIQUES CHIMIQUES ET MINERALOGIQUES. GEONOMOS, 2 (2), 15-21. [http://www.igc.ufmg.br/geonomos/PDFs/2_2_15_21_Quemeneur.pdf]
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:658-675
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Abitibi RCM
          • La Corne
    		Anne P. Sabina, Rocks and Minerals for the Collector Miscellaneous Report 77, 2003, Geological Survey of Canada.
    China
     
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Yili Hasake (Ili Kazakh) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Aletai (Altay) Prefecture
          • Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.)
    		Zhenghua Wang, Lishuang Guo, Guolin Guo, Guojin He, Jianhui Li, and Yulin Liu (2009): Acta Scientiarium Natturalium Universitatis Pekinensis 55(3), 555-558
    Ethiopia
     
    • Sidamo-Borana Province
      • Kenticha pegmatite field
    		Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86.
    Mozambique
     
    • Zambezia Province
      • Alto Ligonha District
    		No reference listed
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Tuva Republic
    		No reference listed
    Sweden
     
    • Södermanland
      • Utö
    		Osann, A. (1913): Über Holmquistit, einen Lithionglaukophan von der Insel Utö. Silzungsber. d. Heidelberger Akad. d. Wissensch. Math-nat. Klasse. Abt. A. Jahrg. 1913, 23: 1-17 + 2 plates.
    USA
     
    • Maine
      • Knox Co.
        • Rockport
    		King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, V.1, p.187.
    • New Mexico
      • Taos Co.
        • Picuris District
    		Jahns, R. H. and Ewing, R. C. (1977): The Harding mine, Taos County, New Mexico. Mineralogical Record, 8 (2): 115-126.
    • North Carolina
    		Davidson,S.C.,1927,The Hiddenite Occurence In North Carolina:American Mineralogist,Vol.12,1927,pg.305-307
    Jan H.Bernard and Jaroslav Hyrsl ,2004,Minerals and their Localities,pg.286
    Jan H. Bernard and Jaroslav Hyrsl,2004,Minerals and their Localities,pg.286
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain
    		Wilson,W.F and Mckenzie,B.J ,1978, Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina,Information Circular 24
        • Kings Mountain District
    		rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/holmquistite.pdf; Rocks and Minerals, (1985) 60:76-82; Carolina Geological Society Field Trip Guidebook 1981, 39-48
      • Gaston Co.
        • Bessemer City
    		Forsyth Gem and Mineral Club
    MinMag 65:775-785
    • South Dakota
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Keystone
    		AmMin 73:324 (1988) ; American Mineralogist, Volume 73, pages 324-337, 1988
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Mashonaland
      • Mtoko
    		Hornung. G. PhD thesis. Pegmatites of th N. Mtoko Region. University of Leeds, Research Institute of African Geology. !961
    Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 458-466
    • Matabeleland South
      • Mweza Range (Wedja)
        • Sandawana-Belingwe District
    		Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2011. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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