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Hydroniumjarosite

Big Photo

Reiche Zeche Mine, Himmelfahrt Mine, Freiberg, Freiberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
© Thomas Witzke

Show Hydroniumjarosite Photos (4)
Formula:
(H
 
3
O)Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
System:TrigonalColour:Amber-yellow to dark ...
Lustre:Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous, ResinousHardness:4 - 4½
Name:In allusion to its composition with the dominant HYDRONIUM (H3O)radical and its relationship to JAROSITE.


Alunite Group, Jarosite subgroup.

Typically ocherous, amber to dark brown granular masses or crystalline crusts.

Classification of Hydroniumjarosite

IMA status:Approved
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.BC.10

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 7th edition ID:30.2.5.3
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.10.19

25 : Sulphates
10 : Sulphates of Fe alone
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Type Occurrence of Hydroniumjarosite

Type Locality:Upernavik Island, Langø, Kitaa (West Greenland) Province, Greenland

Occurrences of Hydroniumjarosite

Geological Setting:In the oxidized zones of sulfide deposits as a secondary mineral.

Physical Properties of Hydroniumjarosite

Lustre:Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous, Resinous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Comment:Glistening.
Colour:Amber-yellow to dark brown.
Streak:Pale yellow
Hardness (Mohs):4 - 4½
Hardness Data:Measured
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
Distinct on {0001}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):2.9 - 3.26 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.01 g/cm3

Crystallography of Hydroniumjarosite

Crystal System:Trigonal
Class (H-M):3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:R3m (R3 2/m)
Cell Parameters:a = 7.17Å, c = 16.6Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 2.315
Unit Cell Volume:V 739.06 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:3
Morphology:Tiny crystals, usually pseudo-cubic {01-13}, or tabular {0001}. Typically granular masses, crusts or coatings; may also be fibrous, nodular, concretionary, pulverent or earthy.
Twinning:None reported.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
5.93(20)
5.08(60)
3.66(20)
3.12(70)
3.08(100)
2.27(20)
1.981(30)

Optical Data of Hydroniumjarosite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.820 nε = 1.820
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.000

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:Dichroic:
O = Deep yellow
E = Light yellow

Chemical Properties of Hydroniumjarosite

Formula:
(H
 
3
O)Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
Essential elements:Fe, H, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, O, S

Relationship of Hydroniumjarosite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
7.BC.05D'Ansite
Na
 
21
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
10
Cl
 
3
7.BC.10Alunite
KAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Ammonioalunite
(NH
 
4
)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Ammoniojarosite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Argentojarosite
AgFe
3+
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Beaverite
Pb(Fe
3+
 
,Cu,Al)
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Dorallcharite
(Tl,K)Fe
3+
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Huangite
CaAl
 
6
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
4
7.BC.10Jarosite
KFe
3+
 
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Minamiite
(Na,Ca
 
0.5
,K)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Natroalunite
(Na,K)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Natrojarosite
NaFe
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Osarizawaite
Pb(Al,Cu)
 
3
[(OH,H
 
2
O)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.10Plumbojarosite
PbFe
3+
6
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
4
7.BC.10Walthierite
BaAl
 
6
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
4
7.BC.15Ye'elimite
Ca
 
4
Al
 
6
[O
 
12
|SO
 
4
]
7.BC.20Atlasovite
K(BiO)Cu
 
6
Fe
3+
 
[Cl|O
 
3
|(SO
 
4
)
 
5
]
7.BC.20Nabokoite
KCu
 
7
Te
4+
 
[Cl|O
 
4
|(SO
 
4
)
 
5
]
7.BC.25Chlorothionite
K
 
2
Cu[Cl
 
2
|SO
 
4
]
7.BC.30Euchlorine
KNaCu
 
3
[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
3
]
7.BC.30Fedotovite
K
 
2
Cu
 
3
[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
3
]
7.BC.35Kamchatkite
KCu
 
3
[O|Cl|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
]
7.BC.40Piypite
K
 
2
Cu
 
2
[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
]
7.BC.45Klyuchevskite
K
 
3
Cu
 
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
7.BC.45Alumoklyuchevskite
K
 
3
Cu
 
3
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
7.BC.50Caledonite
Cu
 
2
Pb
 
5
[(OH)
 
6
|CO
 
3
|(SO
 
4
)
 
3
]
7.BC.55Wherryite
Pb
 
4
CuCO
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(Cl,OH)
 
2
O
7.BC.60Mammothite
Pb
 
6
Cu
 
4
AlSb[(OH)
 
9
|Cl
 
2
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.65Linarite
PbCu[(OH)
 
2
|SO
 
4
]
7.BC.65Schmiederite
Pb
 
2
Cu
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|SeO
 
3
|SeO
 
4
]
7.BC.65Munakataite
Pb
 
2
Cu
 
2
(Se
4+
 
O
 
3
)(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
7.BC.70Chenite
Pb
 
4
Cu[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
7.BC.75Krivovichevite
Pb
 
3
[Al(OH)
 
6
](SO
 
4
)(OH)
7.BC.80Anhydrokainite
KMgClSO
 
4
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
25.10.1Szomolnokite
FeSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
25.10.2Rozenite
FeSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
25.10.3Siderotil
FeSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
25.10.4Ferrohexahydrite
FeSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
25.10.5Melanterite
FeSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
25.10.6Rhomboclase
HFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
25.10.7Lausenite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·6H
 
2
O
25.10.8Kornelite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·7H
 
2
O
25.10.9Coquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·9H
 
2
O
25.10.10Paracoquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·9H
 
2
O
25.10.11Quenstedtite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·10H
 
2
O
25.10.12Ferricopiapite
Fe
 
5
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
O(OH)·20H
 
2
O
25.10.13Metahohmannite
Fe
3+
2
[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 4H
 
2
O
25.10.14Hohmannite
Fe
3+
2
[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 8H
 
2
O
25.10.15Butlerite
Fe
3+
 
[OH|SO
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
25.10.16Parabutlerite
Fe
3+
 
[OH|SO
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
25.10.17Amarantite
Fe
3+
2
[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 7H
 
2
O
25.10.18Fibroferrite
Fe
3+
 
[OH|SO
 
4
] · 5H
 
2
O
25.10.20Römerite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·14H
 
2
O
25.10.21Bílinite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
25.10.22Copiapite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
[OH|(SO
 
4
)
 
3
]
 
2
 · 20H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping):
30.2.5.1Jarosite
KFe
3+
 
 
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
30.2.5.5Argentojarosite
AgFe
3+
3
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
30.2.5.6Plumbojarosite
PbFe
3+
6
[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
4

Other Names for Hydroniumjarosite

Synonyms:
BorgstroemiteCarphosideriteKarphosideritePlanoferriteUtahite (of Damour)
Finnish names:
Borgströmite
German names:
CarphosideritKarphosiderit
Russian names:
Гидрониоярозит
Spanish names:
CarphosideritaKarphosiderita

Other Information

Other Information:Insoluble in water. Soluble in HCl.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:None.

References for Hydroniumjarosite

Reference List:Breithaupt (1827) Journal für Chemie und Physik, Nuremberg: 50: 314 (as Karphosiderite).

Pisani (1864) Comptes rendu de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 58: 242.

Reinsch (1882) Proceedings of the Royal Society, London: 33: 119 (as Cyprusite).

Arzruni (1884) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 7: 126 (on Utahite).

Damour (1884) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 7: 128 (as Utahite (of Damour)).

Deby (1884) Journal of the Royal Mic. Society: [2]: 4: 1: 186.

Bøggild, O.B. (1905) Mineralogia groenlandien, 625pp.. Kjøbenhavn (Meddelelser om Grønland, XXXII): 186.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 65 (on Cyprusite).

Saxén (1921) Medd. Geol. Fören., Helsingfors: 20 (as Borgströmite).

Posnjak and Merwin (1922) Journal of the American Chemical Society: 44: 1977 (artif. mat.).

Saxén (1923) Comm. géol. Finlande, Bull.: 65: 50 (as Borgströmite).

Hendricks (1937) American Mineralogist: 22: 773 (artif. mat.).

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 566 (as Carphosiderite).

American Mineralogist (1965): 50: 1595-1607.

Canadian Mineralogist (1976): 14: 156.

Gaines, Richard V., H. Catherine, W. Skinner, Eugene E. Foord, Brian Mason, Abraham Rosenzweig (1997), Dana's New Mineralogy : The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana: 634.

Drouet, C. and Navrotsky, A. (2003) Synthesis, characterization, and thermochemistry of K-Na-H3O jarosites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: 67: 2063-2076.

Basciano,L.C. & Peterson, R.C. (2007): The crystal structure of ammoniojarosite, (NH4)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6 and the crystal chemistry of the ammoniojarosite–hydronium jarosite solid-solution series. Mineralogical Magazine, 71, 427-441

Internet Links for Hydroniumjarosite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Hydroniumjarosite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Hydronium jarosite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Hydroniumjarosite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
      • Queen Maud Land (Dronning Maud Land)
        • Lützow-Holm Bay
          • East Ongul Island
    		Watanuki/ Torii/ Nishiyama/ Morikawa, 1979
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Olary Province
        • Outalpa Station
    		SA Govt. Recon. Map(1954).
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Saualpe Mts
        • Lading
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    Cyprus
     
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 566.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Ostrov
    		Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Olomouc Region
    		 Petr Paulis (2001): Die interessanten mineralogische Fundstellen in Mahren und Schlesien; Kuttna, Kutná Hora p69-73
    Finland
     
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 566-567.
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Haut-Rhin
        • Thur valley (Thann valley)
          • Kruth
    		Kolitsch: Aufschluss 2/1997
    Germany
     
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Bergisches Land
        • Overath
          • Bensberg
            • Altenbrück
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
      • Sauerland
        • Arnsberg
          • Uentrop
    		Lapis, 14 (6), 11-32+50.
        • Iserlohn
          • Letmathe
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Freiberg District
          • Freiberg
            • Himmelfahrt Mine
    		XRD and EDX analysis T. Witzke
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
        • Ronneburg U deposit
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamareza; Kamariza)
            • Kamareza Mines
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    No reference listed
    No reference listed
          • Chaos area
    		No reference listed
          • Soureza area
    		No reference listed
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Langø
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 566.
    Hungary
     
    • Komárom-Esztergom Co.
      • Gerecse Mts.
    		ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
    Ireland
     
    • Co. Kerry
    		Moreton et al. (1995) Irish J. Earth Sciences, 14, 1-5..
      • Killarney
    		Moreton et al. (1998/9) Irish J. Earth Sciences, 17, 19-24.
    Poland
     
    • Małopolskie
      • Western Tatra Mts
    		Canadian Mineralogist (1963): 7: 751.
    • Świętokrzyskie
      • Świętokrzyskie Mts (Holy Cross Mts)
        • Nowa Słupia District
          • Rudki
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Gila Co.
        • McFadden Peak quadrangle
          • Cherry Creek Canyon
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 255; Granger, H.C. & R.B. Raup (1969), Geology of uranium deposits in the Dripping Spring quartzite, Gila Co., AZ, USGS PP 595.
    • Nevada
      • Clark Co.
        • Goodsprings District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Eureka Co.
        • Lynn District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Maggie Creek District
    		MinRec 26(5):449-469.
      • Humboldt Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Lincoln Co.
        • Atlanta District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Bull 73 Geology and Mineral Resources of Lincoln County, Nevada
        • Bristol and Jackrabbit Districts
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Doña Ana Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996)
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Grant Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
          • Mimbres
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • Oklahoma
      • Ottawa Co.
    		Rocks & Min. vol. 72 (1997)
    www.brightok.net/~rockman/Images/OkIndex.htm.
    • South Dakota
      • Yankton Co.
        • Pierre shale
    		SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    • Utah
      • Juab Co.
        • East Tintic Mts
          • Tintic District
    		Dana 6:1092 & A3:45; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II::567; Encyclopedia of Minerals, 2nd ed: 671.
      • San Juan Co.
        • White Canyon District
          • White Canyon
    		R&M 75:4 p240-248
      • Tooele Co.
        • Deep Creek Mts
          • Gold Hill District (Clifton District)
    		Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy Volume 63, Issue 1, January 2006, Pages 1-8
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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