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Hopeite

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Kabwe Mine (Broken Hill Mine), Kabwe (Broken Hill), Central Province, Zambia
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Formula:
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
System:OrthorhombicColour:Yellow, white, ...
Lustre:Vitreous, PearlyHardness:3½
Name:After Thomas Charles Hope (1766-1844), Professor of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh.
Dimorph of:Parahopeite
This page provides mineralogical data about Hopeite.

Classification of Hopeite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/C.11-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.CA.30

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
A : With small and large/medium cations
Dana 8th edition ID:40.3.4.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.6.3

19 : Phosphates
6 : Phosphates of Zn
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Type Occurrence of Hopeite

Type Locality:Vieille Montagne (Altenberg; Kelmisberg), Moresnet, Kelmis, Plombières-Vieille Montagne (Plombières-Altenberg) District, Verviers, Liège Province, Belgium
Year of Discovery:1822
Associated Minerals at type locality:
Hemimorphite

Physical Properties of Hopeite

Lustre:Vitreous, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Lustre pearly on the {010} cleavage.
Colour:Yellow, white, colourless, grey or brown; colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):3½
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
On {010}, perfect; on {100}, good; on {001}, poor.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):3 - 3.1 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.08 g/cm3

Crystallography of Hopeite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:Pnma {P21/n 21/m 21/a}
Cell Parameters:a = 10.61Å, b = 18.31Å, c = 5.3Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.579 : 1 : 0.289
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,029.63 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals tabular {010} to prismatic [001], and occurring individually or as tufted or divergent aggregates and crusts. Face development is frequently irregular. The crystals may simulate disphenoidal or hemimorphic symmetry. Reniform masses; compact.
Twinning:None observed.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Hopeite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.572 - 1.574 nβ = 1.582 - 1.591 nγ = 1.590 - 1.592
2V:Calculated: 26° to 82°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.018

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r < v, perceptible.

Chemical Properties of Hopeite

Formula:
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, O, P, Zn
All elements listed in formula:H, O, P, Zn

Relationship of Hopeite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.CA.05Fransoletite
Ca
 
3
Be
 
2
[HPO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.CA.05Parafransoletite
Ca
 
3
Be
 
2
[HPO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.CA.10Ehrleite
Ca
 
4
Be
 
3
Zn
 
2
[PO
 
4
]
 
6
 · 9H
 
2
O
8.CA.15Faheyite
(Mn,Mg,Na)Be
 
2
Fe
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
8.CA.20Gainesite
Na(Na,K)(Be,Li)Zr
 
2
[PO
 
4
]
 
4
 · 1.5-2H
 
2
O
8.CA.20Mccrillisite
NaCs(Be,Li)Zr
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
·1-2H
 
2
O
8.CA.20Selwynite
NaK(Be,Al)Zr
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.25Pahasapaite
Li
 
8
(Ca,Li,K)
 
10.5
Be
 
24
(PO
 
4
)
 
24
·38H
 
2
O
8.CA.35Warikahnite
Zn
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.40Phosphophyllite
Zn
 
2
Fe(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
8.CA.45Parascholzite
CaZn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.45Scholzite
CaZn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.50Keyite
Cu
2+
3
Zn
 
4
Cd
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
6
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.55Pushcharovskite
K
 
0.6
Cu
 
18
[AsO
 
2
(OH)
 
2
]
 
4
[AsO
 
3
OH]
 
10
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
 
9.6
·18.6H
 
2
O
8.CA.60Prosperite
CaZn
 
2
[OH|HAsO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
8.CA.65Gengenbachite
KFe
3+
3
[H
 
2
PO
 
4
|(HPO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
8.CA.70Parahopeite
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
19.6.1Tarbuttite
Zn
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
19.6.2Spencerite
Zn
 
4
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.6.4Parahopeite
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
19.6.5Veszelyite
(Cu,Zn)
 
2
Zn(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
19.6.6Kipushite
(Cu,Zn)
 
5
Zn[(OH)
 
3
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
19.6.7Scholzite
CaZn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
19.6.8Parascholzite
CaZn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
19.6.9Ehrleite
Ca
 
4
Be
 
3
Zn
 
2
[PO
 
4
]
 
6
 · 9H
 
2
O
19.6.10Faustite
(Zn,Cu)Al
 
6
[(OH)
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.6.11Aheylite
(Fe
2+
 
,Zn)Al
 
6
[(OH)
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.6.12Jungite
Ca
 
2
Zn
 
4
Fe
3+
8
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
9
 · 16H
 
2
O
19.6.13Schoonerite
ZnMn
2+
 
Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
 · 9H
 
2
O
19.6.14Phosphophyllite
Zn
 
2
Fe(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O

Other Names for Hopeite

Synonyms:
α-Hopeiteβ-HopeiteHibbenite
Other Languages:
French:Stilbite duovigésimale
German:Hopeit
Prismatoidischer Zinkphyllit
Russian:Гопеит
Spanish:Hopeita

Other Information

Other Information:Readily soluble in dilute HCl.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Hopeite

Reference List:Brewster (1822) Edinburgh Phil. Journal: 6: 184.

Brewster (1823) Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: 10: 107 (1826).

Breithaupt, A. (1832) Vollständige Characteristik etc., 2nd. Edition: 38 (as Prismatoidischer Zinkphyllit).

Haüy (cf. Des Cloizeaux) (1879) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 2: 133 (as Stilbite duovigésimale).

Spencer (1908) Mineralogical Magazine: 15: 1.

Buttgenbach (1909) Académie royale des sciences de Belgique, Brussels - Bull., no. 5: 567.

Ungemach (1910) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 33: 132.

Walker (1916) Journal of the Washington Academy of Science: 6: 685.

Walker (1916), University of Toronto Studies, Geology Series, no. 10 (1918).

Buttgenbach (1919) Société géologique de Belgique, Liége, Annales: 42: 93.

Buttgenbach (1921) Société géologique de Belgique, Liége, Annales: 42: M93

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 87.

Wolfe (1940) American Mineralogist: 25: 795.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 734-737.

American Mineralogist (1976): 61: 987-995.

Internet Links for Hopeite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Hopeite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Hopeite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Hopeite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Australian Min. 3:1 (1997)
    Belgium
     
    • Liège Province
      • Verviers
        • Plombières-Vieille Montagne (Plombières-Altenberg) District
          • Kelmis
            • Moresnet
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 736; MJ 7 (1973), 289; Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume IV.
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Nelson Mining Division
        • Salmo
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 734 & 753, 933.
    China
     
    • Guizhou Province
      • Bijie Prefecture
        • Weining Co.
          • Huize Zn-Pb-(Ag) ore field
    		Runsheng Han, Congqiang Liu, Zhilong Huang, Jin Chen, Deyun Ma, Li Lei, and Gengsheng Ma (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 31(1-4), 360-383.
    • Yunnan Province
      • Qujing Prefecture
        • Huize Co.
          • Huize Zn-Pb-(Ag) ore field
    		Runsheng Han, Congqiang Liu, Zhilong Huang, Jin Chen, Deyun Ma, Li Lei, and Gengsheng Ma (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 31(1-4), 360-383.
    Runsheng Han, Congqiang Liu, Zhilong Huang, Jin Chen, Deyun Ma, Li Lei, and Gengsheng Ma (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 31(1-4), 360-383.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Vohenstrauß
            • Pleystein
    		Dill, H.G., Weber, B. (2009), Pleystein-City on Pegmatite, 4th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites, Recife, Brazil.
            • Waidhaus
              • Hagendorf
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
          • Oberschulenberg
    		Lapis, 11 (1), 9-18+42
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Aachen
        • Stolberg
          • Büsbach
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Lahn valley
        • Bad Ems District
          • Frücht
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Portugal
     
    • Guarda District
      • Gouveia
        • Folgosinho
    South Africa
     
    • Gauteng Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Yukon-Koyukuk Borough
        • Kaiyuh District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    • Arizona
      • Graham Co.
        • Aravaipa District
          • Santa Teresa Mts
            • Aravaipa
              • Landsman Camp (Landsman group)
    		Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995-2005: 4.
    • California
      • San Diego Co.
        • Pala District
          • Chief Mountain
    		Mineralogical Record (2002): 33(5): 388.
    • New Hampshire
      • Grafton Co.
        • Groton
    		No reference listed
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Fourmile
    		Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Glendale
    		Rocks & Minerals: 60: 116.
    Zambia
     
    • Central Province
      • Kabwe (Broken Hill)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 736, 870.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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