| Home Page | Log In | Message Board | The Mindat Directory |
| Register | Search Pages | Chat Now! (2 online) | Mindat Auctions |
|
|
|
| Formula: |
| |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| System: | Hexagonal | Colour: | Colourless to white, ... | |||||
| Hardness: | 1½ | |||||||
Solid state (frozen) water. Often used in drinks. | ||||||||
Classification of Ice | |||||||||||||||||||||
| IMA status: | Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered" | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strunz 8th edition ID: | 4/A.01-10 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID: | 4.AA.05 4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates) A : Metal: Oxygen = 2:1 and 1:1 A : Cation:Anion (M:O) = 2:1 (and 1.8:1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Dana 8th edition ID: | 4.1.2.1 4 : SIMPLE OXIDES 1 : A2X | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Hey's CIM Ref.: | 7.1.1 7 : Oxides and Hydroxides 1 : Oxides of hydrogen | ||||||||||||||||||||
| mindat.org URL: | http://www.mindat.org/min-2001.html Please feel free to link to this page. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Physical Properties of Ice | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Lustre: | Vitreous | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Diaphaneity (Transparency): | Transparent, Translucent | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Colour: | Colourless to white, pale blue to greenish blue in thick layers | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Streak: | White | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Hardness (Mohs): | 1½ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Hardness Data: | Measured | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Tenacity: | Brittle | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fracture: | Conchoidal | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Density (measured): | 0.9167 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Crystallography of Ice | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Crystal System: | Hexagonal | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Morphology: | Usualyy as snow crystals, in complex six-rayed stellate forms of great variety, flattened {0001}. Delicate skeletal forms or hopper-shaped prisms as hoar frost. Lathlike crystals, greartly elongated at times, by crystallization on the surface of water. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Twinning: | Twin plane (α): {0001}, and (b): {0001¯}. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Optical Data of Ice | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Type: | Uniaxial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| RI values: | nα = 1.320 nβ = 1.330 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Maximum Birefringence: | δ = 1.320 Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Surface Relief: | Moderate | ||||||||||||||||||||
Chemical Properties of Ice | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Formula: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Essential elements: | H, O | ||||||||||||||||||||
| All elements listed in formula: | H, O | ||||||||||||||||||||
Relationship of Ice to other Species | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping): |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Other Names for Ice | |||||||||||||||||||||
| French names: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| German names: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Italian names: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Russian names: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Swedish names: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Varieties: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Other Information | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Magnetism: | Diamagnetic | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Health Warning: | No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care. | ||||||||||||||||||||
References for Ice | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Reference List: | Dobrowolski (1916), Ark. Kemi: 6(7). Mügge (1918): Centralblatt für Mineralogie: 187. Adams (1930), Royal Society of London, Proceedings: 128: 588. Bernal and Fowler (1933), Journal Chem. Phys.: 1: 515. Blackwelder (1939), American Journal of Science: 238: 61. Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 494-498. Acta Crystallographica: 41: 169-172. Aoki, K., Yamawaki, H., Sakashita, M., and Fujihisa, S. (1996) Infrared absorption study of the hydrogen-bond symmetrization in ice to 110 GPa. Physical Review B, 54: 15673-15677. Goncharov, A.F., Struzhkin, V.V., Somayazulu, M.S., Hemley, R.J., and Mao, H.K. (1996) Compression of ice to 210 gigapascals: Infrared evidence for s symmetric hydrogen-bonded phase. Science: 273-218-220. Wolanin, E., Pruzan, P., Chervin, J.C., Canny, B., Gauthier, M., Hausermann, D., and Hanfland, M. (1997) Equation of state of ice VII up to 106GPa. Physical Review B, 56: 5781-5785. www.its.caltech.edu | ||||||||||||||||||||
Internet Links for Ice | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Search Engines: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| External Links: | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Mineral Dealers: | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Jobs: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Page Sponsor | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Sponsorship: | This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to find out how you can sponsor this page. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Localities for Ice | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the
 symbol to view information about a locality.
The symbol next to localities in the list
can be used to jump to that position on the map.These maps work faster with Firefox! | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
