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Ilvaite

Big Photo

Serifos Island (Seriphos), Cyclade Islands (Cyclades; Kikladhes; Nomos Kikladhon), Kykládes Prefecture, Aegean Islands (Aiyaíon) Department, Greece
© Rob Lavinsky

Show Ilvaite Photos (118)
Formula:
CaFe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
[O|OH|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
System:OrthorhombicColour:Iron-black, dark grayish ...
Hardness:5½ - 6
Name:For "Ilva", the old name of Elba Island, on which the type locality is situated
This page provides mineralogical data about Ilvaite.

Classification of Ilvaite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/C.10-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.BE.07

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
E : Si2O7 groups, with additional anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:56.2.3.3

56 : SOROSILICATES Si2O7 Groups, With Additional O, OH, F and H2O
2 : Si2O7 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] and/or >[4] coordination
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.22.7

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
22 : Silicates of Fe and Ca
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Type Occurrence of Ilvaite

Type Locality:Torre di Rio - Santa Filomena area (Monte della Torre), Rio Marina, Elba Island, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy
Year of Discovery:1811

Occurrences of Ilvaite

Geological Setting:Contact metasomatic rocks and iron deposits.

Physical Properties of Ilvaite

Lustre:Sub-Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Iron-black, dark grayish black
Streak:Black, inclining to green or brown
Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
Distinct on {001} {010}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):3.99 - 4.05 g/cm3
Density (calculated):4.064 g/cm3

Crystallography of Ilvaite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:a = 8.800Å, b = 13.019Å, c = 5.852Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.676 : 1 : 0.449
Unit Cell Volume:V 670.45 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Prismatic, columnar, radiating, compact massive,
Comment:Orthorhombic (Pbnm; cell parameters given refer to this space-group symmetry) or monoclinic (P21/a; 13.0103(5), 8.8039(4), 5.8517(3), 90.209(5))
Crystal Atlas:
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Ilvaite no.2 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Ilvaite no.26 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Ilvaite no.70 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

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The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. You need Java to see these. You can download Java for free - click here to download Java

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X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
7.305 (70)
2.865 (70)
2.849 (93)
2.840 (93)
2.721 (70)
2.714 (70)

Optical Data of Ilvaite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.727 nβ = 1.870 nγ = 1.883
2V:Measured: 20° to 30°, Calculated: 30°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.156

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:Strong r
Colour in reflected light:light gray to bluish gray, pinkish red to violet
Pleochroism:Strong
Comments:X= dark green
Y= yellow-brown to dark brown
Z= dark brown

Chemical Properties of Ilvaite

Formula:
CaFe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
[O|OH|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
Essential elements:Ca, Fe, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Ca, Fe, H, O, Si
Common Impurities:Mg,Mn

Relationship of Ilvaite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.BE.02Wadsleyite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
[SiO
 
4
]
9.BE.05Hennomartinite
SrMn
3+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
] · H
 
2
O
9.BE.05Lawsonite
CaAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
] · H
 
2
O
9.BE.05Noelbensonite
BaMn
3+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
] · H
 
2
O
9.BE.05Itoigawaite
SrAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
] · H
 
2
O
9.BE.07Manganilvaite
Ca(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
 
[O|OH|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.10Suolunite
Ca
 
2
[H
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
7
] · H
 
2
O
9.BE.12Jaffeite
Ca
 
6
[(OH)
 
6
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.15Fresnoite
Ba
 
2
Ti[O|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.17Baghdadite
Ca
 
3
(Zr,Ti)[O
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.17Burpalite
Na
 
2
CaZr[F
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.17Cuspidine
Ca
 
4
[(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.17Hiortdahlite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)Si
 
2
O
 
7
(O,OH,F)
 
2
9.BE.17Janhaugite
(Na,Ca)
 
3
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
(Ti,Zr,Nb)
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
15
(OH,F,O)
 
3
9.BE.17Låvenite
(Na,Ca)
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)(Zr,Ti)[(O,OH,F)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.17Niocalite
(Ca,Nb)
 
4
[(O,OH,F)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.17Normandite
NaCa(Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb,Zr)[(O,F)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.17Wöhlerite
NaCa
 
2
(Zr,Nb)[(O,OH,F)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.17Hiortdahlite I
(Na
 
3
Ca)Ca
 
8
Zr
 
2
(M
3+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
O
 
3
F
 
5
9.BE.17Marianoite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
(Nb,Zr)
 
2
[(O,F)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.20Mosandrite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
(Ce,La,Nd)Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
OF
 
3
9.BE.20Nacareniobsite-(Ce)
Na
 
3
Ca
 
3
(Ce,La,Nd)Nb[F
 
3
|O|(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
]
9.BE.22Götzenite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
5
Ti[F
 
4
|(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
]
9.BE.22Hainite
Na
 
4
Ca
 
8
(Ti,Zr,Mn)
 
3
[F
 
4
|(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
]
 
2
9.BE.22Rosenbuschite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)[O|F|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.22Kochite
(Na,Ca)
 
3
Ca
 
2
(Mn,Ca)ZrTi[(F,O)
 
4
|(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
]
9.BE.23Dovyrenite
Ca
 
6
Zr(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
9.BE.25Barytolamprophyllite
(Ba,Na)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Ti
 
2
[O|(OH,F)|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.25Ericssonite
BaMn
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
[O|OH|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.25Lamprophyllite
(Sr,K,Ba)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Ti
 
2
[O|(O,OH,F)|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.25Orthoericssonite
BaMn
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
[O|OH|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.25Seidozerite
Na
 
8
Zr
 
3
Ti
 
3
Mn
2+
2
[O|F|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
4
9.BE.25Nabalamprophyllite
Na
 
3
(Ba,Na)
 
2
Ti
 
3
[O|(OH,F)|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.25Grenmarite
(Zr,Mn)
 
2
(Zr,Ti)(Mn,Na)(Na,Ca)
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(O,F)
 
4
9.BE.27Murmanite
Na
 
2
(Ti,Nb)
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
9
·nH
 
2
O
9.BE.30Epistolite
Na
 
2
(Nb,Ti)
 
2
[O
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
] · nH
 
2
O
9.BE.32Lomonosovite
Na
 
5
Ti
 
2
[O
 
2
|PO
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.35Vuonnemite
Na
 
11
Ti
4+
 
Nb
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
3
(F,OH)
9.BE.37Sobolevite
Na
 
12
Ca(NaCaMn)Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
3
F
 
3
9.BE.40Innelite
Na
 
2
(Ba,K)
 
4
(Mg,Ca,Fe)Ti
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
18
(OH,F)
 
1.5
SO
 
4
9.BE.40Phosphoinnelite
Ba
 
4
Na
 
3
Ti
 
3
[(O,F)
 
3
|(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
14
]
9.BE.42Yoshimuraite
Ba
 
2
Mn
 
2
TiOSi
 
2
O
 
7
(PO
 
4
)(OH)
9.BE.45Quadruphite
Na
 
14
Ca
 
2
Ti
 
4
[O
 
2
|F|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.47Polyphite
Na
 
5
(Na
 
4
Ca
 
2
)Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(PO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
2
F
 
2
9.BE.50Bornemanite
Na
 
6
[]BaTi
 
2
Nb(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)O
 
2
(OH)F
9.BE.50Shkatulkaite
Na
 
10
Mn
2+
 
Ti
 
3
Nb
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|F|(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
6
] · 12H
 
2
O
9.BE.55Bafertisite
Ba(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti[O|(O,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.55Hejtmanite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti[O|(OH,F)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.55Bykovaite
BaNa(Na,Ti)
 
4
[(OH,F)
 
2
|(Ti,Nb)
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
14
(O,OH)
 
3
] · 3H
 
2
O
9.BE.55Nechelyustovite
(Ba,Na)
 
2
{(Na,Ti,Mn)
 
4
[(Ti,Nb)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
14
](OH,O,F)
 
2
} · 3H
 
2
O
9.BE.60Delindeite
(Na,K)
 
2.7
(Ba,Ca)
 
4
(Ti,Fe,Al)
 
6
Si
 
8
O
 
26
(OH)
 
14
9.BE.65Bussenite
Na
 
2
Ba
 
2
FeTiSi
 
2
O
 
7
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
3
F
9.BE.67Jinshajiangite
BaNaTi
 
2
 Fe
2+
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
F
9.BE.67Perraultite
BaNaTi
 
2
 Mn
2+
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
F
9.BE.67Surkhobite
(Ba,K)
 
2
CaNaMn
 
8
Ti
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
O
 
4
(F,OH,O)
 
6
9.BE.70Karnasurtite-(Ce)
(Ce,La,Th)(Ti,Nb)(Al,Fe)(Si,P)
 
2
O
 
7
(OH)
 
4
·3H
 
2
O
9.BE.70Perrierite-(Ce)
Ce
 
4
MgFe
3+
2
Ti
4+
2
O
 
8
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
9.BE.70Strontiochevkinite
(Sr,La,Ce,Ca)
 
4
Fe
3+
 
(Ti,Zr)
 
2
Ti
 
2
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.70Chevkinite-(Ce)
(Ce,La,Ca,Th)
 
4
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)(Fe
2+
 
,Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.70Polyakovite-(Ce)
(Ce,Ca)
 
4
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Cr
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Ti,Nb)
 
2
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.70Rengeite
Sr
 
4
ZrTi
 
4
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.70Matsubaraite
Sr
 
4
Ti
 
5
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.70Dingdaohengite-(Ce)
Ce
 
4
Fe
2+
 
(Ti,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
Ti
 
2
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.70Maoniupingite-(Ce)
(REE,Ca)
 
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Ti,Fe
2+
 
,[])(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Nb)
 
4
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.70Perrierite-(La)
(La,Ce, Ca)
 
4
(Fe,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)(Ti,Fe)
 
4
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.70UKI-2008-(SiO:SrTiZr)
Sr
 
4
ZrTi
 
4
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.72Fersmanite
(Ca,Na)
 
4
(Ti,Nb)
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
11
(F,OH)
 
2
9.BE.75Belkovite
Ba
 
3
(Nb,Ti)
 
6
[O
 
6
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
9.BE.77Nasonite
Pb
 
6
Ca
 
4
[Cl
 
2
|(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
3
]
9.BE.80Kentrolite
Pb
 
2
Mn
3+
2
[O
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.80Melanotekite
Pb
 
2
Fe
3+
2
[O
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.82Tilleyite
Ca
 
5
[(CO
 
3
)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.85Killalaite
Ca
 
3
[Si
 
2
O
 
7
] · 0.5H
 
2
O
9.BE.87Stavelotite-(La)
(La,Nd,Ca)
 
3
Mn
2+
3
Cu(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Mn
4+
 
)
 
26
[O
 
5
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
6
9.BE.90Biraite-(Ce)
Ce
 
2
Fe
2+
 
[CO
 
3
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
9.BE.92Cervandonite-(Ce)
(Ce,Nd,La)(Fe
3+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Ti,Al)
 
3
O
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(As
3+
 
O
 
3
)(OH)
9.BE.95Batisivite
V
 
8
Ti
 
6
[Ba(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
22
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
14.22.1Hedenbergite
CaFe
2+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
14.22.2Pyroxferroite
(Fe,Mn,Ca)SiO
 
3
14.22.3 Ferro-akermanite
Ca
 
2
FeSi
 
2
O
 
7
14.22.4Kirschsteinite
CaFe
2+
 
[SiO
 
4
]
14.22.5Tungusite
Ca
 
4
Fe
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
6
14.22.6Ferro-Actinolite
☐[Ca
 
2
][(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
14.22.8Julgoldite-(Fe2+)
Ca
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|SiO
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
] · H
 
2
O
14.22.9Andradite
Ca
 
3
Fe
3+
2
[SiO
 
4
]
 
3

Other Names for Ilvaite

Synonyms:
Baddeleyite (of Clarke)BreislakiteCyclopeiteElbaite (of Giesecke)Lievrite
Yenite
Other Languages:
Croatian:Ilvait
Dutch:Ilvaiet
German:Breislakit
Cyclopeit
Ilvait
Lievrit
Yenit
Italian:Ilvaite
Lithuanian:Ilvaitas
Russian:Ильваит
Spanish:Breislakita
Cyclopeita
Ilvaita
Lievrita
Yenita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Ilvaite

Reference List:Rodolico F.(1931): Osservazioni cristallografiche sull'ilvaite. Periodico di Mineralogia – Roma pp. 122-132.

Federico M. – (1957) Sulla breislakite. Periodico di Mineralogia – Roma pp. 191-210.

Cecchini A., Franzini M., Troysi M.(1984): La microdurezza alla penetrazione dell'ilvaite. Rend. Soc.It. Min. Petr., 39, 711-715.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie (1987): 179: 415.

European Journal of Mineralogy: 6: 465-479.

Internet Links for Ilvaite

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    Localities for Ilvaite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • San Juan
    		Brodtkorb (2002): Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Buccleuch Co.
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    • Tasmania
      • Hampshire district
        • Kara Mines
    		Natural History Museum Vienna collection (collected and SXRD-analysed by Uwe Kolitsch 2/08)
      • Rosebery district
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
    Austria
     
    • Tyrol
      • East Tyrol
        • Virgen valley
          • Umbal valley
            • Islitz Alp
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Bulgaria
     
    • Smolyan Oblast
      • Rhodope Mts
    		[MinRec 22 p.439]
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Rouyn-Noranda TE
    		Galley, A.G., Jonasson, I.R., and Watkinson, D.H. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 619-637.
    Chile
     
    • Aisén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region
      • Coyhaique Province (Coihaique Province)
        • Cerro Estatuas Ñirehuao district
    		Maksaev, V., Townley, B., Palacios, C., and Camus, F. (2007): Metallic ore deposits. In: Moreno, T., and Gibbons, W. (editors): The Geology of Chile. The Geological Society (London), pp. 414.
    China
     
    • Fujian Province
      • Longyan Prefecture
        • Zhangping Co.
    		Yiming Zhao, Yongguan Dong, Daxin Li, and Chengsi Bi (2003): Ore Geology Reviews 23, 153-182.
    • Hebei Province
      • Zhangjiakou Prefecture
        • Zhangbei Co.
    		Zhaoshan Chang, White, N.C., Crowe, R.W.A., and Woodhouse, W. (2006): Australian Earth Sciences Convention, Melbourne, July 2-6, 2006.
    • Hubei Province
      • Huangshi Prefecture
        • Daye Co.
          • Edong Mining District
    		Ottens, B. (2003): Inesit, Hubeit und Japanerzwillinge aus Hubei, China. LAPIS 28 (9), 41-47
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Akesu (Aksu; Aqsu) Prefecture
        • Akesu (Aksu; Aqsu) Co.
    		Lifei Zhang, Wenbo Jiang, Chunjing Wei, and Shenbao Dong (1999): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 42 (3), 233-239.
    France
     
    • Corsica
      • Haute-Corse
        • Corte
          • Ponte Leccia
    		H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
    Germany
     
    • Hesse
      • Dillenburg District
        • Herbornseelbach
          • Bornberg Mt.
    		Aufschluss 1971(3), 87-96
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Bad Harzburg
    		No reference listed
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
          • Hut valley
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler
          • Ahrbrück
            • Martinsknipp hill
    		Beyer, H. (1978): Über Haldenfunde aus den Antimonitgängen von Ahrbrück (Eifel)..., Der Aufschluß, 29, 401-408
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
    		Lapis, 17 (10), 13-24+82.
    Lapis 30(7/8):78-80 (2005)
        • Schwarzenberg District
          • Pöhla
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Greece
     
    • Aegean Islands (Aiyaíon) Department
      • Kykládes Prefecture
        • Cyclade Islands (Cyclades; Kikladhes; Nomos Kikladhon)
    		[MinRec 22:305]
    Rocks & Min.: 64(5):411.
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Narsaq
    		[MinRec 24]
    Collection of NHM, Vienna; Boeggild, O.B. (1953): The Mineralogy of Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Vol. 149/3, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
          • Tunugdliarfik Firth (Eriksfjord)
    		Boeggild, O.B. (1953): The Mineralogy of Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Vol. 149/3, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
    Iceland
     
    • Hvalfjordur
    		Zeolites of the World, R. Tscherinch, 1992 (524)
    India
     
    • Maharashtra
      • Mumbai District (Bombay District)
    Wise and Moller (1990) Eur. Jour. Min. v. 2, pp. 875-883.
        • Mumbai (Bombay)
          • Ward 38
    		Personal experience-Rock Currier
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Phlegrean Volcanic Complex
        • Salerno Province
          • Sarno
            • Lavorate (Nocera)
    		http://www.musei.unina.it/Mineralogia/2.2.2.10.htm
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Genova
          • Borzoli
    		Giuseppe Pipino - L'antica miniera di Monte Ramazzo e i suoi minerali - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, vol. 8, fasc. 3, 1977
    Palenzona A. (1987): L'Ilvaite della Valle della Gava (Genova) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, fasc. 3, pp. 139-140
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Novate Mezzola
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    Ghizzoni, S. & Mazzoleni, G. (2005): Itinerari mineralogici in val Codera. Geologia Insubrica, Ed., Milano, 316 pp.
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Sesia-Lanzo zone
          • Lanzo Valley
            • Lanzo Massif
              • Balangero - Corio area
    		Prete, R. (1995): L'amiantifera di S. Vittore, Balangero, Torino. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1995, 313-333.
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ossola Valley
          • Baceno
            • Devero Alp (Devero Valley; Val Devero)
    • Sardinia
      • Cagliari Province
        • Assemini
    		Stara, P. (1990): La miniera di San Leone (CA). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 3/1990, 121-136.
      • Carbonia-Iglesias Province
        • Domusnovas
          • Oridda
    		Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente - Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 1, 238 pp.
      • Sassari Province
        • Ploaghe
    		Conti-Vecchi, G. & Stara, P. (1991) - Minerali della Sardegna - Della Torre Ed,276pp.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Fassa Valley
          • Monzoni Mts
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Gavorrano
    		Capperi M., Nannoni R., Brizzi G., 1996. Gavorrano e le sue miniere. Riv. Mineral. Ital., 20.
        • Massa Marittima
    		Brizzi G., Capperi M., Masotti A. - La miniera di pirite di Niccioleta, Massa Marittima (GR) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, Fasc. 4 (1989) e Fasc. 1 - 2(1990)
        • Montieri
    		Bazzoni C. et al., 2003. Il "Filone di Boccheggiano": miniere e minerali. Riv. Miner. Ital., 1: 78-89
      • Livorno Province
        • Campiglia Marittima
          • Temperino
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
        • Castagneto Carducci
    		REGIONE TOSCANA, GIUNTA REGIONALE. Inventario del patrimonio minerario e mineralogico in Toscana. Aspetti naturalistici e storico-archeologici. Dipartimento Ambiente, ottobre 1991.
        • Elba Island
          • Capoliveri
    N. Calanchi, G. Dal Rio, A. Prati (1976) - Miniere e minerali dell'Elba orientale - Tip. Cacciari, Bologna
          • Porto Azzurro
    		E. Manasse, 1912 - Ricerche petrografiche e mineralogiche sul Monte Arco (Isola d'Elba) - Atti Soc. Tosc. Sc. Nat., Mem. Serie A, 28:118-199.
    A. Hanauer, 1973 - Elba. Eine Ubersicht - Der Aufschluss, 24: 71-85.
          • Rio Marina
    		G. Gottardi, 1962 - Solfuri e ossidi di ferro del giacimento di Ortano - Atti Soc. Tosc. Sc. Nat., Mem. Serie A, 69: 327-341.
    F. Barberi et al., 1969 - Note illustrtive della carta geologica d'Italia, F° 126 - Poligraf. & Cartaval, Ercolano
    M. Lelièvre, 1807 - De la yénite, nouvelle substance minérale. - Journal des Mines, 21, 65-74.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Gifu Prefecture
          • Hida City
    		Ryoichi SADANAGA and Michiaki BUNNO (1974) THE WAKABAYASHI MINERAL COLLECTION Bulletin No. 7 The University Museum, The University of Tokyo
    Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
        • Niigata Prefecture
    		Ryoichi SADANAGA and Michiaki BUNNO (1974) THE WAKABAYASHI MINERAL COLLECTION Bulletin No. 7 The University Museum, The University of Tokyo
    Ryoichi SADANAGA and Michiaki BUNNO (1974) THE WAKABAYASHI MINERAL COLLECTION Bulletin No. 7 The University Museum, The University of Tokyo
      • Chugoku Region
        • Okayama Prefecture
          • Takahashi
    		Matsueda, H. (1980) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, Mining Geology, 5, #4, 15-77.; Matsueda, H. (1980) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, Mining Geology, 5, #4, 15-77.
        • Yamaguchi Prefecture
          • Mine City
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan); Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Ryoichi SADANAGA and Michiaki BUNNO (1974) THE WAKABAYASHI MINERAL COLLECTION Bulletin No. 7 The University Museum, The University of Tokyo
    Wada (1904): Minerals of Japan
      • Kanto Region
        • Saitama Prefecture
          • Chichibu-gun
            • Ohtaki-mura
              • Nakatsugawa
    		No reference listed
      • Kinki region
        • Osaka Prefecture
          • Ikeda City
    		Fujiwara, T. (2006) Chigaku Kenkyu, 55, #4, 237.
    • Kyushu Island
      • Oita prefecture
        • Ono-gun
    		Masutomi Museum specimens; Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    • Shikoku Island
      • Kochi Prefecture
        • Kochi City
    		Matsubara, S. & Kato, A. (1989) Manganbabingtonite from Mitani, Kochi City, Japan. Bulletin of the National Science Museum (Tokyo), 15, #3, 81-89.
    Kosovo
     
    • Kosovska Mitrovica
      • Trepča valley
        • Trepča complex
    		Féraud J. (1979) - La mine " Stari-Trg " (Trepca, Yougoslavie) et ses richesses minéralogiques. Avec la collaboration de Mari D. et G. (1979) Minéraux et Fossiles, n° 59-60, p. 19-28
    Mexico
     
    • Chihuahua
      • Mun. de Aquiles Serdán
        • Santa Eulalia District
          • West Camp
            • Francisco Portillo
    		Panczner (1987):94-366.
    • Coahuila
    		Levresse, G., Tritlla, J., Villareal, J., Gonzalez-Partida, E., 2006. The “el pilote” fluorite skarn: a crucial deposit to understand the origin and mobilizacion of the F from northern Mexico deposits Journal of Geochemical Exploration. 89, 1-3, 205-209.
    • Guerrero
      • Mun. de Taxco
        • Taxco de Alarcón (Taxco; Tasco)
    		Mr. Richard Dale.
    • Sinaloa
      • Mun. de Badiraguato
        • Alisito
    		Panczner(1987):95-391.
    • Zacatecas
      • Mun. de Sombrerete
    		Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9
    Mongolia
     
    • Hovd Aimag (Khovd Aimag)
      • Altai Mts
    		P.M. Kartashov data
          • Mount Ulyn Khuren
    		P. Kartashov et al. (2002) Can. Mineral. 40, 1641-1648
    Kartashov P.M., Voloshin A.V., PakhomovskiiYa.A. On the zonal crystaline gadolinite from the alkaline granite pegmatites of Haldzan Buragtag (Mongolian Altai), - Zapiski VMO, 1993,N3,p. 65-79.
    New Zealand
     
    • North Island
      • Northland
        • Far North
          • Cape Brett
    		http://crownminerals.med.govt.nz/minerals/docs/comreports/report06_zinc.pdf
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Øvre Eiker
    		Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68. 278 pp
    • Oppland
      • Lunner
        • Grua Mining District
    		Goldschmidt, V.M. (1911): Die Kontaktmetamorphose im Kristianiagebiet . Videnskapsselskapets Skrifter. 1.Mat.-Naturv. Klasse 1911. No 1. Kristiania , p 402-403
    • Telemark
      • Skien
        • Fossum Iron Mines
    		Scheerer (1945b, p. 128); Neumann (1985, p. 50); Larsen & Dahlgren (2002).
    • Vest-Agder
      • Flekkefjord
    		Barton, M. & Van Bergen, M. J. (1984): Secondary Ilvaite in a dolerite dyke from Rogaland SW Norway. Mineralogical Magazine 48: 449-456
    Romania
     
    • Caras-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Ocna de Fier-Dognecea District
          • Dognecea (Dognácska; Dognaczka)
    • Maramures Co.
      • Satu Mare
        • Turt
    		Clain, E. & Haake, R. (2006): Die Blei-Zink-Lagerstätte von Turt, Oasgebirge, Rumänien. Mineralien-Welt 17 (5), 52-64. (in German)
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
        • Taimyr Peninsula
          • Putoran Plateau
    		Gritsenko, Y.D., and Spiridonov, E.M. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(7), 590-598.
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
        • Dal'negorsk (Dalnegorsk; Tetyukhe; Tjetjuche; Tetjuche)
    		[www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
    [MinRec 32:9]
          • Dal'negorsk B deposit
    		[MinRec 32:9]
          • Karadubsky ore field
    		[MinRec 32:9]
        • Dal'negorsk (Dalnegorsk; Tjetjuche; Tetjuche)
          • Nikolaevskoe Pb-Zn-Ag deposit
    		[MinRec 32:9]; Rogulina, L.I., and Sveshnikova, O.L. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(1), 60-74.
    Simanenko, L.F. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(4), 290-303
    [MinRec 32:9]
    E. Schlichter Collection.
    Slovakia
     
    • Prešov Region
      • Northern Slanské Mts
        • Vyšná Šebastová
    		Ďuďa,R., et al., 1981: Mineralógia severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovaca, Monografia 2, 98s
    South Africa
     
    • Gauteng Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Marble Hall
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Northwest Province
      • Western Bushveld Complex
        • Rustenburg District
          • Rustenburg Mine
    		Economic Geology (1990) 85:537-555
    S.M.C. Verryn et al. : "Gold and associated ore minerals of the Waaikraal deposit, NorthWest of Brits, Bushveld Complex", Eur. J. Mineral. , 1991, 3, pp. 451-466.
    Sweden
     
    • Småland
      • Vetlanda
        • Fröderyd
    		H.-J.Wilke: Die Mineralien und Fundstellen von Schweden.1997
    H.-J.Wilke: Die Mineralien und Fundstellen von Schweden.1997
    No reference listed
    H.-J.Wilke: Die Mineralien und Fundstellen von Schweden.1997
    • Uppland
      • Östhammar
        • Dannemora
    		No reference listed
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Kjell Gatedal
    Kjell Gatedal
    Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
        • Pajsberg
    		Kjell Gatedal; Nysten, P. (2004): Harstigen ett mineralogisk eldorado i Bergslagen. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 28: 5-13
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Albula Valley
        • Oberhalbstein (Surses; Sursass)
          • Marmorera lake
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 225.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Binn Valley
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 224-225.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • St Austell District
          • Lanivet Area
            • Lanivet
              • Lanivet Consols (Tretoil Mine)
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995, 34 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
    Ukraine
     
    • Transcarpathian Oblast'
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Prince of Wales-Outer Ketchikan Borough
        • Prince of Wales Island
          • Copper Mountain
    		[MinRec 8:8]
      • Southeast Fairbanks Borough
        • Fortymile District
    		USGS PP 1760A
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Dragoon Mts
          • Middle Pass District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 284.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 258.
      • Graham Co.
        • Aravaipa District
          • Santa Teresa Mts
            • Aravaipa
              • Landsman Camp (Landsman group)
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 258; Wilson, W.E. (1988), The Iron Cap Mine, Min.Rec.: 19(2): 81-87.
      • Pinal Co.
        • Mineral Mountain District
          • Superior area
            • Reymert Canyon
    		Collected by, and analyzed thru Chester S. Lemanski, Jr., analysis by F. Veselovsky and P. Ondrus, Czech Geological Survey.
    • Arkansas
      • Garland Co.
    • California
      • Shasta Co.
    		Prescott, Basil (1908a), Ilvaite from Shasta County, California: American Journal of Science, 4th. series: 26: 14-16; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 277, 309; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 388.
      • Sonoma Co.
        • Sonoma Mts
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 227.
    • Colorado
      • Gilpin Co.
        • Black Hawk
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Gunnison Co.
        • Treasury Mt.
    		[MinRec 9:252-253]
    • Idaho
      • Owyhee Co.
    		Idaho Minerals (2004) L. Ream 2nd ed
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Idaho Minerals (2004) L. Ream 2nd ed
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Christian Bracke Collection
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    AmMin 46:1509
    • Nevada
      • Elko Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Lincoln Co.
        • Tem Piute District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Jersey
      • Somerset Co.
        • Bernards Township
    		Kent, B.P. and Butkowski, B. (2000): Minerals of the Millington Quarry, Somerset County, New Jersey. Mineralogical Record, 31: 410.
    • New Mexico
      • Grant Co.
        • Central District
          • Vanadium
    		Minerals of the Ground Hog Mine Grant County Ron Gibbs Rocks & Minerals 67:5 pp 294-297; Econ Geol (1987) 82:523-545
    Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.; Econ Geol (1987) 82:523-545
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Lincoln Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Socorro Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996)
    Min Rec 20:1 p61
    • New York
      • Putnam Co.
        • Brewster
    		Lupulescu, Marian: Rocks& Min. -- May/June 2008
    Jensen (1978) Minerals of New York State, p.108
    Jensen (1978) Minerals of New York State,p.46
    • Pennsylvania
      • York Co.
    		Annotated Bibliography of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List - 1965-1974, Reed, Juliet C., Min. Soc. of PA, Inc. (1976): 49-50; Hotz, Preston E. (1953), "Petrology of Granophyre in Diabase near Dillsburg, PA," Geol. Soc. Am.Bull.: 64:675-704.
    • Rhode Island
      • Providence Co.
        • Cumberland
    		Miller, C. E. (1971) Rhode Island Minerals and Their Locations, O. D. Hermes, Ed., University of Rhode Island, Kingston
    Miller, C. E. (1971) Rhode Island Minerals and Their Locations, O. D. Hermes, Ed., University of Rhode Island, Kingston
    Mineral and/or Locality
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