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Johannite

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Big Photo

Blue Lizard Mine (Markey Mine), Red Canyon, White Canyon District, San Juan Co., Utah, USA
© Brent Thorne

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Formula:
Cu(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
System:TriclinicColour:Emerald-green, ...
Hardness:2 - 2½
Name:
After Archduke Johann (1782-1859) of Austria, founder of the Styrian Landesmuseum, Graz.


Compare also pseudojohannite.

Classification of Johannite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/D.21-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.EB.05

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
E : Uranyl sulfates
B : With medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:31.8.2.1

31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
8 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.8.12

25 : Sulphates
8 : Sulphates of Sb, V, Cr and U
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Type Occurrence of Johannite

Type Locality:Elias Mine, Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal), Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District, Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge), Karlovy Vary Region, Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen), Czech Republic
Year of Discovery:1830

Physical Properties of Johannite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Emerald-green, apple-green
Streak:Pale green
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 2½
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On {100} good.
Density (measured):3.32 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.27 g/cm3

Crystallography of Johannite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Cell Parameters:a = 16.54Å, b = 18.02Å, c = 6.84Å
α = 90°, β = 90.63°, γ = 110.62°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.918 : 1 : 0.38
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,907.93 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals prismatic [001] and thick tabular {100}. Subparallel or drusy aggregates; coatings; small spheroidal aggregates of lath-like fibers.
Twinning:Twin axis [001], composition plane {010} or close to it. Both simple and lamellar, common.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
7.73 (10)
6.16 (9)
4.38 (6)
3.87 (7)
3.41 (8)
3.13 (7)
3.04 (7)

Optical Data of Johannite

Type:Biaxial (+/-)
RI values: nα = 1.572 - 1.577 nβ = 1.592 - 1.597 nγ = 1.612 - 1.616
2V:Measured: 90° , Calculated: 86° to 88°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.040

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:relatively strong
Pleochroism:Strong
Comments:X = Colourless
Y = Light yellow
Z = Greenish or canary-yellow

Chemical Properties of Johannite

Formula:
Cu(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Cu, H, O, S, U
All elements listed in formula:Cu, H, O, S, U

Relationship of Johannite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.EB.10Deliensite
Fe[(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
](H
 
2
O)
 
7
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.8.1Klebelsbergite
(SbO)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
25.8.2Coquandite
(SbO)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
25.8.3Peretaite
Ca(SbO)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
25.8.4Cannonite
Bi
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
25.8.5Minasragrite
(V
4+
 
O)(SO
 
4
) · 5H
 
2
O
25.8.6Stanleyite
(V
4+
 
O)(SO
 
4
) · 6H
 
2
O
25.8.7Redingtonite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
25.8.8Metauranopilite
(UO
 
2
)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · 5H
 
2
O
25.8.9Uranopilite
(UO
 
2
)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 14H
 
2
O
25.8.10Natrozippeite
Na
 
5
(UO
 
2
)
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
5
(OH)
 
3
 · 12H
 
2
O
25.8.11Zippeite
K
 
3
(UO
 
2
)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
3
(OH) · 3H
 
2
O
25.8.13Magnesiozippeite
Mg(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
25.8.14Zinczippeite
Zn(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O

Other Names for Johannite

Synonyms:
Uranvitriol
Other Languages:
French:Sulfate vert d'urane
German:Johannit
Russian:Иоганнит
Spanish:Johannita
Varieties:
Gilpinite

Other Information

Other Information:Decomposed by water. Soluble in acids.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Johannite

Reference List:

- +
John (1821) Chem. Unters.: 5: 254 (as Uranvitriol).

Haidinger (1830) Edinburgh Jounral of Science: 4: 306 (as Johannit).

Haidinger (1830) Abhl. Böhm. Ges. Prague (as Johannit).

Goldschmidt, V. (1918) Atlas der Krystallformen. 9 volumes, atlas, and text: vol. 4: 216.

Larsen, E.S. and Berman (1926) American Mineralogist: 11: 1.

Doelter, C. (1927) Handbuch der Mineral-chemie (in 4 volumes divided into parts): 4 [2]: 648.

Nováček (1935) Soc. sc. Bohême, Mém., no. 7, Cl. 2.

Peacock (1935) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 90: 112.

Hurlbut (1950) American Mineralogist: 35: 531.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 606-607.

American Mineralogist (1983): 68: 851.

Čejka, J., Urbanec, Z., Čejka, J., Jr., and Mrázek, Z. (1988) Contribution to the thermal analysis and crystal chemistry of johannite Cu[(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2].8H2O. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen (1988): 159: 297-309.

Burns, P.C. (2005) U 6+ minerals and inorganic compounds: insights into an expanded structural hierarchy of crystal structures. Canadian Mineralogist: 43: 1839-1894.

Mereiter, K. (1982) Die Kristallstruktur des Johannites, Cu(UO2)2(OH)2(SO4)2·8H2O. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 30: 47-57.

Ondruš, P., Veselovský, F., Skála, R., Císařová, I., Hloušek, J., Frýda, J., Vavřín, I., Čejka, J., and Gabašová, A. (1997) New naturally occurring phases of secondary origin from Jáchymov (Joachimstal). Journal of the Czech Geological Society: 42: 7-107.

Ondruš, P., Veselovský, F., Gabašová, A., Hloušek, J., and Šrein, V. (2003) Supplement to secondary and rock-forming minerals of the Jachymov ore district. Journal of the Czech Geological Society: 48: 149-155.

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    • Localities for Johannite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Mendoza
      • Malargüe Department
        • Pampa Amarilla District
    		Brodtkorb, M.K. de, Mineralogia y y consideraciones geneticas del yacimiento Huemul. Provincia de Mendoza. Revista de la Asociacion Geologica Argentina 21 (3): 165-179. 1966
    • San Juan
    		DE BRODTKORB, Milka K. Precious metaltellurides and other Te-bearing minerals in different paragenesis of Argentina: A review. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 365-372.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
    		Tschechien & Slowakei, Mineralien und Funstellen, Jaroslav Hyrsl, Petr Korbel. 2008. page 375
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District
            • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 607; Lapis 2002 (7/8): 51.
              • Rovnost Mine (Werner Mine)
    		J. Plášil, J. Hauser, V. Petříček, N. Meisser, S. J. Mills, R. Škoda, K. Fejfarová, J. Čejka, J. Sejkora, J. Hloušek, J.-M. Johannet, V. Machovič, and L. Lapčák (2012): Crystal structure and formula revision of deliensite, Fe[(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2](H2O)7. Mineralogical Magazine 76, 2837-2860.
    Petr Fuchs
      • Plzeň Region
        • Nepomuk (Pomuk)
          • Kasejovice
    		Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES. MS Thesis, Notre Dame University.
    France
     
    • Brittany
      • Morbihan
        • Pontivy
          • Guern
    		Le Règne Minéral, Hors Série IV (1998)
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Hérault
        • Lodève
    		[Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 1998, 2, p.13-26]
    • Limousin
      • Corrèze
        • Davignac
    		M.Deliens, C.Lheur, W.Peraud & D.Virlogeux (2004)- Les minéraux d'uranium du Boucheron, près de Davignac (Corrèze)- Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°84, pp 3-25.
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Loire
        • Saint-Just-en-Chevalet
          • Saint-Priest-la-Prugne
            • Les Bois-Noirs Mining Claim
    		Le Règne Minéral, Hors Série IV, 1998; J.-J. Périchaud: "Où trouver les minéraux d'Auvergne", Vol. 1, Editions l'Instant Durable (Clermont-Ferrand), 1985, p. 92
    Gabon
     
    • Haut-Ogooué Province
      • Franceville
    		Korbel & Novak, 1999. Min. Encylopaedia, p.150
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Menzenschwand
    		Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Schwandorf
          • Wölsendorf Fluorite mining District
            • Wölsendorf East District (Wölsendorf - Nabburg District)
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Annaberg District
          • Annaberg-Buchholz
            • Frohnau
              • Schreckenberg
    		Thomas Witzke
        • Johanngeorgenstadt District
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    No reference listed
        • Schwarzenberg District
          • Pöhla
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
        • Ronneburg U deposit
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium)
    		No reference listed
    Italy
     
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Condino
    		Campostrini, I., Demartin, F., & Gramaccioli, C. M. (2006). Rio Giulis. Minerali secondari del giacimento uranifero presso Condino, Trento. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 30(3), 152-165.
        • Daone
          • Limes
    		Campostrini, I., Demartin, F., Gramaccioli, C.M. (2005): Val Daone. Minerali secondari del giacimento uranifero presso Limes, Daone (TN). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/2005, 228-240.
    Slovenia
     
    • Todraž
    		Dolenec, T. (1985): Secondary uranium minerals from the Zirovski Vrh uranium ore deposit. Rudarsko-Metalurski Zbornik 32, 195-206 (in Serbo-Croatian); Dolenec, T., Lukacs, E. & Pecnik, M. (1979): Uranopilite, zippeite, and johannite - recently formed secondary uranium minerals of the Zirovski Vrh uranium ore deposit. Rudarsko-Metalurski Zbornik 26, 179-184.
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Le Trient Valley
        • Les Marécottes
    		Am Min 88:4 pp 676-685
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Camborne - Redruth - St Day District
          • Illogan
            • Basset Mines
              • Wheal Basset
    		No reference listed
            • Lower Carnkie
    		Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), pp. 108.
        • St Just District
          • St Just
            • Pendeen
    		No reference listed
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
            • Bisbee
    		Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995-2005: 9.
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Eureka District
          • Bagdad
            • Bozarth Mesa
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 111, 263, 365, 387; Axelrod, J.M., et al (1951), The uranium minerals from the Hillside mine, Yavapai Co., AZ, Am.Min.: 36: 1-22; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 51, 52, 66.
    • California
      • Riverside Co.
        • Pinto Mts
          • Old Dale area
    		Saul, R.B., Evans, J.R., and Gray, C.H. (1970) Mines and mineral resources of Riverside County. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 9. Unpublished manuscript: 1209; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 303, 516.
    • Colorado
    		[var: Gilpinite] Larsen, E.S. and Brown (1917) American Mineralogist: 2: 75; Ford, 1932 . Dana's Textbook of Mineralogy, 4th ed.; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 606.
    Korbel & Novak, 1999. Min. Encylopaedia, p.150
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
        • Eureka District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Nevada
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Hinsdale Co.
        • Uncompahgre Peak Area
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Ralston Buttes District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Mesa Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Montrose Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Saguache Co.
        • Cochetopa District (Cochetopa Creek District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • San Miguel Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Middletown
    		Schooner, R. (1958): The mineralogy of the Portland-East Hampton-Middletown-Haddam area in Connecticut (with a few notes on Glastonbury and Marlborough). East Hampton and Branford, Conn.: Richard Schooner, Ralph Lieser, and Howard Pate.
    Schooner (1958)
    • New Mexico
      • Cibola Co.
        • Laguna District
    		NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region; Kittel, Kelley Melancon (1966) Uranium Deposits of the Grants Region. New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook pp 173-183
      • McKinley Co.
        • Grants District
    		Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES MS Thesis, Notre Dame University
    • Utah
      • Emery Co.
        • San Rafael District (San Rafael Swell)
          • Delta
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
          • Green Vein Mesa
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Garfield Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Piute Co.
        • Marysvale District (Marysvale Uranium area)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • San Juan Co.
        • White Canyon District
          • Red Canyon
    		Collected by and in the collections of Brent Thorne and Joe Marty.
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
          • White Canyon
    		USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
            • Copper Point
    		Min Rec 2:210-211; Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES MS Thesis, Notre Dame University; USGS TEI #514; Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp263-279; Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp281-284
            • Deer Flat
    		USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
            • Uracop - Sunrise (Scenic Group; B and I)
    		USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
          • Woodenshoe Buttes
            • The Toe
              • Deer Flat
    		Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah. Utah Department fo Natural Resources Bulletin 117. Jan. 1981
      • Wayne Co.
        • Fremont District
          • Fruita
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
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