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Johannsenite

Big Photo

Iron Cap Mine, Landsman Camp (Landsman group), Aravaipa District, Santa Teresa Mts, Graham Co., Arizona, USA
© O. Dziallas

Show Johannsenite Photos (24)
Formula:
CaMn
2+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
System:MonoclinicColour:blue-green, grey-white, ...
Hardness:6
Name:After Albert Johannsen (1871-1962), Professor and petrologist, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.


Pyroxene Group - Clinopyroxene Subgroup; see also Hedenbergite-Johannsenite Series, and the Diopside-Johannsenite Series.

Classification of Johannsenite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.01-70
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DA.15

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
A : Inosilicates with 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6; pyroxene family
Dana 8th edition ID:65.1.3a.4

65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
1 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.18.18

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
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Type Occurrence of Johannsenite

Type Locality:Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA
Year of Discovery:1932

Physical Properties of Johannsenite

Colour:blue-green, grey-white, dark brown, colourless
Streak:white
Hardness (Mohs):6
Cleavage:Distinct/Good

Crystallography of Johannsenite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 9.87Å, b = 9.04Å, c = 5.27Å
β = 105.54°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.092 : 1 : 0.583
Unit Cell Volume:V 453.03 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Johannsenite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.703 - 1.716 nβ = 1.711 - 1.728 nγ = 1.732 - 1.745
2V:Measured: 68° to 70°, Calculated: 64° to 82°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.029

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r > v weak

Chemical Properties of Johannsenite

Formula:
CaMn
2+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
Essential elements:Ca, Mn, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Ca, Mn, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Al,Fe,Mg,Na,K,C,P,H2O

Relationship of Johannsenite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Diopside (see here)
Forms a series with Hedenbergite (see here)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
9.DA.05Donpeacorite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)Mg[SiO
 
3
]
 
2
9.DA.05Enstatite
Mg
 
2
[SiO
 
3
]
 
2
9.DA.05Ferrosilite
Fe
 
2
[SiO
 
3
]
 
2
9.DA.05Akimotoite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)SiO
 
3
9.DA.10Clinoenstatite
Mg
 
2
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.10Clinoferrosilite
Fe
2+
 
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.10Kanoite
Mn
2+
 
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.10Pigeonite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Ca)(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.15Augite
(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Al,Fe
3+
 
,Ti)[(Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.15Diopside
CaMg[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.15Esseneite
CaFe
3+
 
[AlSiO
 
6
]
9.DA.15Hedenbergite
CaFe
2+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.15Petedunnite
Ca(Zn,Mn
2+
 
,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.20Aegirine-augite
(Na,Ca)(Fe,Fe,Mg,Al)Si
 
2
O
 
6
9.DA.20Omphacite
(Ca,Na)(Mg,Al)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.25Aegirine
NaFe
3+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.25Jadeite
Na(Al,Fe
3+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.25Jervisite
(Na,Ca,Fe
2+
 
)(Sc,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.25Kosmochlor
NaCr[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.25Namansilite
NaMn
3+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.25Natalyite
Na(V
3+
 
,Cr)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
9.DA.30Spodumene
LiAl[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
14.18.1Nambulite
(Li,Na)Mn
 
4
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.2Natronambulite
(Na,Li)(Mn,Ca)
 
4
Si
 
5
O
 
14
OH
14.18.3Zakharovite
Na
 
4
Mn
 
5
Si
 
10
O
 
24
(OH)
 
6
·6H
 
2
O
14.18.4Norrishite
KLiMn
2+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
14.18.5Shafranovskite
(Na,K)
 
6
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
Si
 
9
O
 
24
·6H
 
2
O
14.18.6Abswurmbachite
CuMn
3+
6
O
 
8
(SiO
 
4
)
14.18.7Donpeacorite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)Mg[SiO
 
3
]
 
2
14.18.8Kanoite
Mn
2+
 
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
14.18.9Caryopilite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
14.18.10Gonyerite
(Mn,Mg)
 
5
Fe(Si
 
3
Fe)O
 
10
(OH)
 
8
14.18.11 Tirodite
14.18.12Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
[(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
14.18.13Bustamite
(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)[SiO
 
3
]
14.18.14Glaucochroite
CaMn
2+
 
[SiO
 
4
]
14.18.15Truscottite
(Ca,Mn)
 
14
Si
 
24
O
 
58
(OH)
 
8
·2H
 
2
O
14.18.16Santaclaraite
CaMn
 
4
[Si
 
5
O
 
14
OH](OH)·H
 
2
O
14.18.17Ferrobustamite
Ca(Fe
2+
 
,Ca,Mn
2+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
14.18.19Neltnerite
CaMn
3+
6
[O
 
8
|SiO
 
4
]
14.18.20Orlymanite
Ca
 
4
Mn
 
3
Si
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
6
·2H
 
2
O
14.18.21Inesite
Ca
 
2
(Mn,Fe)
 
7
Si
 
10
O
 
28
(OH)
 
2
·5H
 
2
O
14.18.22Orientite
Ca
 
2
MnMn
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
(OH)
 
4
14.18.23Ruizite
Ca
 
2
Mn
3+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|H
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
13
] · 2H
 
2
O
14.18.24Bostwickite
CaMn
 
6
Si
 
3
O
 
16
·7H
 
2
O
14.18.25Kittatinnyite
Ca
 
2
Mn
 
2
Mn(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
·9H
 
2
O
14.18.26Lithiomarsturite
LiCa
 
2
Mn
 
2
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.27Sérandite
Na(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
2
[HSi
 
3
O
 
9
]
14.18.28Kvanefjeldite
Na
 
4
(Ca,Mn)(Si
 
3
O
 
7
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
14.18.29Marsturite
NaCaMn
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.30Raite
(Na,Ca)
 
4
(Mn,Ti,Fe)
 
3
Si
 
8
O
 
16
(OH)
 
12
·5H
 
2
O
14.18.31Richterite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
14.18.32Byelorussite-(Ce)
Ba
 
2
NaCe
 
2
MnTi
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
26
(F,OH) · H
 
2
O
14.18.33Deerite
(Fe,Mn)
 
6
(Fe,Al)
 
3
Si
 
6
O
 
20
(OH)
 
5
14.18.34Calderite
(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
[SiO
 
4
]
 
3
14.18.35Pyroxmangite
MnSiO
 
3
14.18.36Dannemorite
14.18.37Neotocite
(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO
 
3
·H
 
2
O
14.18.38Babingtonite
Ca
 
2
(Fe,Mn)FeSi
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.39Manganbabingtonite
Ca
 
2
(Mn,Fe)FeSi
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.40Örebroite
Mn
2+
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Sb
5+
 
)[(O,OH)
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]

Other Names for Johannsenite

German names:
Johannsenit
Russian names:
Йохансенит
Spanish names:
Johannsenita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Johannsenite

Reference List:Schaller, W.T. (1938) Johansennite, a new manganese pyroxene. American Mineralogist: 23: 575-582.

Freed, R.L. and Peacor, D.R. (1967) Refinement of the crystal structure of johansennite. American Mineralogist: 52 709-720.

Clark, J.R., D.E. Appleman, and J.J. Papike (1969) Crystal-chemical characterization of clinopyroxenes based on eight new structure refinements. MSA Special Paper 2: 31-50.

Deer,W.A., Howie, R.A., and Zussman, J., et al (1997): 2A: 415-422.

Internet Links for Johannsenite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Johannsenite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Johannsenite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Johannsenite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
    		Birch BH Book
    Bulgaria
     
    • Plovdiv Oblast
      • Rhodope Mts
    		[MinRec 22 p.439]
    France
     
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Pyrénées-Orientales
        • Céret
          • Prats de Mollo-La Preste (Prats de Molló-La Presta)
    		Dubru. M, (1986) Pétrologie et géochimie du marbre à brucite et des borates associés au gisement de tungstène de Costabonne, (Pyrénées orientales, France) 930p
    Germany
     
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • St Andreasberg District
    		No reference listed
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Ne
          • Graveglia Valley
    		[MinRec 32:356]
            • Reppia
    		Redazione (2005): Sistematica ligure: resoconto 2005. Notiziario di Mineralogia Ferrania Club, 19, 3-5.
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Novate Mezzola
          • Codera Valley
    		Ghizzoni, S. & Mazzoleni, G. (2005): Itinerari mineralogici in val Codera. Geologia Insubrica, Ed., Milano, 316 pp.
    • Piedmont
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Strona Valley
    		Bertolani, M. (1976): Il giacimento manganesifero di Ravinella di Sotto presso Forno (Valle Strona di Omegna).
    • Tuscany
      • Livorno Province
        • Campiglia Marittima
          • Temperino
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
    • Veneto
      • Vicenza Province
        • Recoaro Terme
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
        • Torrebelvicino
          • Mercanti Valley
    		Lapis, 9 (2), 18-25.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Fukui Prefecture
          • Ono City
            • Nakatatsu mine
    		Tokunaga, M. (1965): Science Reports of the Tokyo Kyoiku Daigaku, 9:67-87
        • Shizuoka Prefecture
          • Amagi-Yugashima
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
          • Shimoda City
            • Rendaiji
    		(Several japanese language references; no good reference available in english yet, but will be published soon.)
        • Yamanashi Prefecture
          • Kohsai
      • Chugoku Region
        • Okayama Prefecture
          • Katsuyama
            • Teragohchi
    		H. Momoi (1964) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 15, #1, 65-72.
          • Takahashi
    		Matsueda, H. (1980) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, Mining Geology, 5, #4, 15-77.; Matsueda, H. (1980) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, Mining Geology, 5, #4, 15-77.
      • Kanto Region
        • Saitama Prefecture
          • Chichibu-gun
            • Ohtaki-mura
              • Nakatsugawa
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Tohoku Region
        • Yamagata Prefecture
    		Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan); Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Mexico
     
    • Hidalgo
      • Mun. de Mineral del Monte
        • Mineral del Monte (Mineral del Real del Monte; Real del Monte)
    		Panczner(1987):244.
    Norway
     
    • Telemark
      • Tokke
        • Botnedal
    		No reference listed
    Peru
     
    • Lima Department
      • Oyon Province
    		No reference listed
    Russia
     
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
    		[MinRec 32:8]
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Kalahari manganese fields
        • Hotazel
    		[Von Bezing, K. L. et al. (1991) - The Kalahari manganese field : an update, Mineralogical Record, 22 (3), 279-302]
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Tarragona
        • Priorat
          • El Molar
    		Mineralogistes de Catalunya, vol. III num. 5
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
        • Pajsberg
    		Kjell Gatedal
    UK
     
    • England
      • Devon
        • Dartmoor & Teign Valley District
          • Ilsington & Ashburton Area
            • Ilsington
    		[Specimen in the Natural History Museum, London]
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Graham Co.
        • Pinaleño Mts
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 312; Simons, F.S. & E. Munson (1963), Johannsenite from the Aravaipa mining district, AZ, Am.Min.: 48: 1154-1158.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 263; Simons, F.S. & E. Munson (1963), Johannsenite from the Aravaipa mining district, AZ, Am.Min.: 48: 1154-1158.
        • Santa Teresa Mts
          • Aravaipa District
            • Landsman Camp (Landsman group)
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 245; Reiter, B.E. (1981), Controls on lead-zinc skarn mineralization, Iron Cap mine area, Aravaipa district, Graham Co., AZ, in C. Stone and J.P. Jenney (editors), AZ Geol. Soc. Digest: 13: 117-125.
      • Santa Cruz Co.
        • Patagonia Mts
          • Patagonia District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 390, 401.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 263.
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Schaller, W.T.: Am.Min.:23:575-582 (1938); Dunn(1995):Pt3:434-435.
    • New Mexico
      • Grant Co.
        • Central District
    		AmMin 38:883
    Minerals of the Ground Hog Mine Grant County Ron Gibbs Rocks & Minerals 67:5 pp 294-297
    Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • Washington
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Mount Jupiter
          • Elkhorn Group
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
      • Mason Co.
        • Copper Creek (Boulder Creek)
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
    Mineral and/or Locality
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