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Johannsenite

Big Photo

Iron Cap Mine, Landsman Camp (Landsman group), Aravaipa, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA
© O. Dziallas

Show Johannsenite Photos (39)
Formula:
CaMn
2+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
System:MonoclinicColour:blue-green, grey-white, ...
Hardness:6
Name:After Albert Johannsen (1871-1962), Professor and petrologist, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.


Pyroxene Group - Clinopyroxene Subgroup; see also Hedenbergite-Johannsenite Series, and the Diopside-Johannsenite Series.

Classification of Johannsenite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.01-70
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DA.15

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
A : Inosilicates with 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6; pyroxene family
Dana 8th edition ID:65.1.3a.4

65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
1 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.18.18

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
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Type Occurrence of Johannsenite

Co-type Localities:Temperino Mine, Temperino, Campiglia Marittima, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy
Civillina Mt., Recoaro Terme, Vicenza Province, Veneto, Italy
Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA
Year of Discovery:1932

Physical Properties of Johannsenite

Colour:blue-green, grey-white, dark brown, colourless
Streak:white
Hardness (Mohs):6
Cleavage:Distinct/Good

Crystallography of Johannsenite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 9.87Å, b = 9.04Å, c = 5.27Å
β = 105.54°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.092 : 1 : 0.583
Unit Cell Volume:V 453.03 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Johannsenite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.703 - 1.716 nβ = 1.711 - 1.728 nγ = 1.732 - 1.745
2V:Measured: 68° to 70°, Calculated: 64° to 82°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.029

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r > v weak

Chemical Properties of Johannsenite

Formula:
CaMn
2+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
Essential elements:Ca, Mn, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Ca, Mn, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Al,Fe,Mg,Na,K,C,P,H2O

Relationship of Johannsenite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Diopside (see here)
Forms a series with Hedenbergite (see here)
Related to:
  • Clinopyroxene Subgroup
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

    - +
    9.DA.05Donpeacorite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)Mg[SiO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    9.DA.05Enstatite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    9.DA.05Ferrosilite
    Fe
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    9.DA.10Clinoenstatite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.10Clinoferrosilite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.10Kanoite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		(Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.10Pigeonite
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Ca)(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.15Augite
    (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		,Ti)[(Si,Al)
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.15Diopside
    CaMg[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.15Esseneite
    CaFe
    3+
     
    		[AlSiO
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.15Hedenbergite
    CaFe
    2+
     
    		[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.15Petedunnite
    Ca(Zn,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.15Davisite
    CaScAlSiO
     
    6
    9.DA.15IMA2008-059
    CaAl[AlSiO
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.15IMA2008-042a
    CaTi
    3+
     
    		 AlSiO
     
    6
    9.DA.20Aegirine-augite
    (Na,Ca)(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Al)Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    9.DA.20Omphacite
    (Ca,Na)(Mg,Al)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.25Aegirine
    NaFe
    3+
     
    		[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.25Jadeite
    Na(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.25Jervisite
    (Na,Ca,Fe
    2+
     
    		)(Sc,Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.25Kosmochlor
    NaCr[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.25Namansilite
    NaMn
    3+
     
    		[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.25Natalyite
    Na(V
    3+
     
    		,Cr)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    9.DA.30Spodumene
    LiAl[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

    - +
    14.18.1Nambulite
    (Li,Na)Mn
     
    4
    		Si
     
    5
    		O
     
    14
    		(OH)
    14.18.2Natronambulite
    (Na,Li)(Mn,Ca)
     
    4
    		Si
     
    5
    		O
     
    14
    		OH
    14.18.3Zakharovite
    Na
     
    4
    		Mn
     
    5
    		Si
     
    10
    		O
     
    24
    		(OH)
     
    6
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.4Norrishite
    KLiMn
    2+
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    14.18.5Shafranovskite
    (Na,K)
     
    6
    		(Mn,Fe)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    9
    		O
     
    24
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.6Abswurmbachite
    CuMn
    3+
    6
    		O
     
    8
    		(SiO
     
    4
    		)
    14.18.7Donpeacorite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)Mg[SiO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    14.18.8Kanoite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		(Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    14.18.9Caryopilite
    (Mn,Mg)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
    14.18.10Gonyerite
    (Mn,Mg)
     
    5
    		Fe(Si
     
    3
    		Fe)O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    8
    14.18.11 Tirodite
    14.18.12Manganhumite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    7
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    14.18.13Bustamite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Ca)[SiO
     
    3
    		]
    14.18.14Glaucochroite
    CaMn
    2+
     
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    14.18.15Truscottite
    (Ca,Mn)
     
    14
    		Si
     
    24
    		O
     
    58
    		(OH)
     
    8
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.16Santaclaraite
    CaMn
     
    4
    		[Si
     
    5
    		O
     
    14
    		OH](OH)·H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.17Ferrobustamite
    Ca(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Ca,Mn
    2+
     
    		)[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    14.18.19Neltnerite
    CaMn
    3+
    6
    		[O
     
    8
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		]
    14.18.20Orlymanite
    Ca
     
    4
    		Mn
     
    3
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    6
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.21Inesite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Mn,Fe)
     
    7
    		Si
     
    10
    		O
     
    28
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·5H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.22Orientite
    Ca
     
    2
    		MnMn
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    4
    14.18.23Ruizite
    Ca
     
    2
    		Mn
    3+
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|H
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    13
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.24Bostwickite
    CaMn
     
    6
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    16
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.25Kittatinnyite
    Ca
     
    2
    		Mn
     
    2
    		Mn(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·9H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.26Lithiomarsturite
    LiCa
     
    2
    		Mn
     
    2
    		Si
     
    5
    		O
     
    14
    		(OH)
    14.18.27Sérandite
    Na(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Ca)
     
    2
    		[HSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    		]
    14.18.28Kvanefjeldite
    Na
     
    4
    		(Ca,Mn)(Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    7
    		)
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    14.18.29Marsturite
    NaCaMn
     
    3
    		Si
     
    5
    		O
     
    14
    		(OH)
    14.18.30Raite
    (Na,Ca)
     
    4
    		(Mn,Ti,Fe)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    16
    		(OH)
     
    12
    		·5H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.31Richterite
    Na[CaNa][Mg
     
    5
    		][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    14.18.32Byelorussite-(Ce)
    Ba
     
    2
    		NaCe
     
    2
    		MnTi
     
    2
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    26
    		(F,OH) · H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.33Deerite
    (Fe,Mn)
     
    6
    		(Fe,Al)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    5
    14.18.34Calderite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Ca)
     
    3
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Al)
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    14.18.35Pyroxmangite
    MnSiO
     
    3
    14.18.36Dannemorite
    14.18.37Neotocite
    (Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO
     
    3
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    14.18.38Babingtonite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Fe,Mn)FeSi
     
    5
    		O
     
    14
    		(OH)
    14.18.39Manganbabingtonite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Mn,Fe)FeSi
     
    5
    		O
     
    14
    		(OH)
    14.18.40Örebroite
    Mn
    2+
    3
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Sb
    5+
     
    		)[(O,OH)
     
    3
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		]

    Other Names for Johannsenite

    Other Languages:
    German:Johannsenit
    Russian:Йохансенит
    Spanish:Johannsenita

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Johannsenite

    Reference List:Schaller, W.T. (1938) Johansennite, a new manganese pyroxene. American Mineralogist: 23: 575-582.

    Freed, R.L. and Peacor, D.R. (1967) Refinement of the crystal structure of johansennite. American Mineralogist: 52 709-720.

    Clark, J.R., D.E. Appleman, and J.J. Papike (1969) Crystal-chemical characterization of clinopyroxenes based on eight new structure refinements. MSA Special Paper 2: 31-50.

    Deer,W.A., Howie, R.A., and Zussman, J., et al (1997): 2A: 415-422.

    Internet Links for Johannsenite

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  • Look for Johannsenite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Johannsenite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Johannsenite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Johannsenite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Johannsenite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Birch, W. D., ed. (1999): The minerals of Broken Hill. Broken Hill City Council and Museum of Victoria, Broken Hill, Australia, 289 pp.
    Bulgaria
     
    • Smolyan Oblast
      • Rhodope Mts
    		[MinRec 22 p.439]
    France
     
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Pyrénées-Orientales
        • Céret
          • Prats de Mollo-La Preste (Prats de Molló-La Presta)
    		Dubru. M, (1986) Pétrologie et géochimie du marbre à brucite et des borates associés au gisement de tungstène de Costabonne, (Pyrénées orientales, France) 930p
    Germany
     
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • St Andreasberg District
    		No reference listed
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Ne
          • Graveglia Valley
    		[MinRec 32:356]
            • Reppia
    		Redazione (2005): Sistematica ligure: resoconto 2005. Notiziario di Mineralogia Ferrania Club, 19, 3-5.
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Novate Mezzola
          • Codera Valley
    		Ghizzoni, S. & Mazzoleni, G. (2005): Itinerari mineralogici in val Codera. Geologia Insubrica, Ed., Milano, 316 pp.
    • Piedmont
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Strona Valley
    		Bertolani, M. (1976): Il giacimento manganesifero di Ravinella di Sotto presso Forno (Valle Strona di Omegna).
    • Tuscany
      • Livorno Province
        • Campiglia Marittima
          • Temperino
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
    • Veneto
      • Vicenza Province
        • Recoaro Terme
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
        • Torrebelvicino
          • Mercanti Valley
    		Lapis, 9 (2), 18-25.
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido Island
      • Ishikari Province
    		Mineral.Journ.Japan (1985) 12, 341-348
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Fukui Prefecture
          • Ono City
            • Nakatatsu mine
    		Tokunaga, M. (1965): Science Reports of the Tokyo Kyoiku Daigaku, 9:67-87
        • Niigata Prefecture
    		David Nieto specimen
        • Shizuoka Prefecture
          • Amagi-Yugashima
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
          • Shimoda City
            • Rendaiji
    		(unpublished species lists maintained by local collectors; needs confirmation)
        • Yamanashi Prefecture
          • Kohsai
      • Chugoku Region
        • Okayama Prefecture
          • Katsuyama
            • Teragohchi
    		H. Momoi (1964) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 15, #1, 65-72.
          • Takahashi
    		Matsueda, H. (1980) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, Mining Geology, 5, #4, 15-77.; Matsueda, H. (1980) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, Mining Geology, 5, #4, 15-77.
      • Kanto Region
        • Kanagawa Prefecture
          • Hadano City
    		Mineralogical Journal Vol. 17 (1994) , No. 5 pp 211-218
        • Saitama Prefecture
          • Chichibu-gun
            • Ohtaki-mura
              • Nakatsugawa
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Tohoku Region
        • Yamagata Prefecture
    		Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan); Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Mexico
     
    • Hidalgo
      • Mun. de Mineral del Monte
        • Mineral del Monte (Mineral del Real del Monte; Real del Monte)
    		Panczner(1987):244.
    Norway
     
    • Telemark
      • Tokke
        • Botnedal
    		Wel, D.van der. (1999): The Minerals of the Brandsnuten Manganes Deposit, Tokke, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 15: 74-86
    Peru
     
    • Lima Department
      • Oyon Province
    		No reference listed
    Romania
     
    • Caras-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Ocna de Fier-Dognecea District
    		Vlad, S.N. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 446-451.
    Russia
     
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
    		[MinRec 32:8]
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Kalahari manganese fields
        • Hotazel
    		[Von Bezing, K. L. et al. (1991) - The Kalahari manganese field : an update, Mineralogical Record, 22 (3), 279-302]
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Tarragona
        • Priorat
          • El Molar
    		Mineralogistes de Catalunya, vol. III num. 5
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
        • Pajsberg
    		Kjell Gatedal; Nysten, P. (2004): Harstigen ett mineralogisk eldorado i Bergslagen. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 28: 5-13
    UK
     
    • England
      • Devon
        • Dartmoor & Teign Valley District
          • Ilsington & Ashburton Area
            • Ilsington
    		[Specimen in the Natural History Museum, London]
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Yukon-Koyukuk Borough
        • McGrath District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    • Arizona
      • Graham Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 312; Simons, F.S. & E. Munson (1963), Johannsenite from the Aravaipa mining district, AZ, Am.Min.: 48: 1154-1158.
          • Pinaleño Mts
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 263; Simons, F.S. & E. Munson (1963), Johannsenite from the Aravaipa mining district, AZ, Am.Min.: 48: 1154-1158.
          • Santa Teresa Mts
            • Aravaipa
              • Landsman Camp (Landsman group)
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 245; Reiter, B.E. (1981), Controls on lead-zinc skarn mineralization, Iron Cap mine area, Aravaipa district, Graham Co., AZ, in C. Stone and J.P. Jenney (editors), AZ Geol. Soc. Digest: 13: 117-125.
      • Santa Cruz Co.
        • Patagonia Mts
          • Patagonia District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 390, 401.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 263.
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Schaller, W.T.: Am.Min.:23:575-582 (1938); Dunn(1995):Pt3:434-435.
    • New Mexico
      • Grant Co.
        • Central District
    		AmMin 38:883
    Minerals of the Ground Hog Mine Grant County Ron Gibbs Rocks & Minerals 67:5 pp 294-297; Econ Geol (1987) 82:523-545
    Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • Washington
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Mount Jupiter
          • Elkhorn Group
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
      • Mason Co.
        • Copper Creek (Boulder Creek)
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
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