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Karelianite

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Outokumpu, Itä-Suomen Lääni, Finland
© 2008, J. Weissman

Formula:
V
 
2
O
 
3
System:TrigonalColour:Black
Hardness:8 - 9
Name:After the Karelian schist belt, the region of Finland where the mineral occurs.


Hematite Group. The vanadium analogue of Corundum, Escolaite, and Hematite.

Classification of Karelianite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/C.04-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.CB.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
B : With medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:4.3.1.4

4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
3 : A2X3
Hey's CIM Ref.:7.12.18

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta
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Type Occurrence of Karelianite

Type Locality:Outokumpu Mine (Mokkivaara Mine), Outokumpu, Itä-Suomen Lääni, Finland
Year of Discovery:1963

Physical Properties of Karelianite

Lustre:Metallic
Colour:Black
Streak:Black
Hardness (Mohs):8 - 9

Crystallography of Karelianite

Crystal System:Trigonal
Cell Parameters:a = 4.95Å, c = 14Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 2.828
Unit Cell Volume:V 297.08 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Chemical Properties of Karelianite

Formula:
V
 
2
O
 
3
Essential elements:O, V
All elements listed in formula:O, V
Common Impurities:Fe,Cr

Relationship of Karelianite to other Species

Related to:
  • Hematite Group
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
    4.CB.05Brizziite
    NaSb
    5+
     
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.05Corundum
    Al
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.05Ecandrewsite
    (Zn,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)TiO
     
    3
    4.CB.05Eskolaite
    Cr
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.05Geikielite
    MgTiO
     
    3
    4.CB.05Hematite
    Fe
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.05Ilmenite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    3
    4.CB.05Melanostibite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		(Sb
    5+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		)O
     
    3
    4.CB.05Pyrophanite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    3
    4.CB.05Auroantimonate
    AuSbO
     
    3
    4.CB.05Romanite
    ([],Pb,Ca)UFe
    2+
    2
    		(Ti,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    6
    		Ti
     
    12
    		O
     
    38
    4.CB.10Avicennite
    Tl
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.10Bixbyite
    (Mn
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.15Armalcolite
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)Ti
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    4.CB.15Pseudobrookite
    Fe
     
    2
    		TiO
     
    5
    4.CB.15Mongshanite
    (Mg,Cr,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		(Ti,Zr)
     
    5
    		O
     
    12
    4.CB.20Zincohögbomite-2N2S
    Ti(Zn,Mg,Fe)
     
    2
    		Al
     
    8
    		O
     
    15
    		(OH)
    4.CB.20Zincohögbomite-2N6S
    Ti(Zn,Mg,Fe)
     
    6
    		Al
     
    16
    		O
     
    31
    		(OH)
    4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S
    Ti(Mg,Fe)
     
    2
    		Al
     
    8
    		O
     
    15
    		(OH)
    4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S
    Ti(Mg,Fe)
     
    3
    		Al
     
    10
    		O
     
    19
    		(OH)
    4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-2N2S
    Ti(Mg,Fe)
     
    2
    		Al
     
    8
    		O
     
    15
    		(OH)
    4.CB.20Ferrohögbomite-6N12S
    Ti(Fe,Mg)
     
    4
    		Al
     
    12
    		O
     
    23
    		(OH)
    4.CB.25Pseudorutile
    Fe
     
    2
    		Ti
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    4.CB.25Tietaiyangite
    Fe
    3+
    4
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		TiO
     
    9
    4.CB.30Berdesinskiite
    V
    3+
    2
    		TiO
     
    5
    4.CB.35Kyzylkumite
    V
     
    2
    		Ti
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    4.CB.35Olkhonskite
    (Cr,V)
     
    2
    		Ti
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    4.CB.35Schreyerite
    V
     
    2
    		Ti
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    4.CB.40Kamiokite
    Fe
     
    2
    		Mo
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    4.CB.40Nolanite
    (V,Fe,Fe,Ti)
     
    10
    		O
     
    14
    		(OH)
     
    2
    4.CB.40Rinmanite
    Zn
     
    2
    		Sb
     
    2
    		Mg
     
    2
    		Fe
     
    4
    		O
     
    14
    		(OH)
     
    2
    4.CB.45Claudetite
    As
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.45Stibioclaudetite
    AsSbO
     
    3
    4.CB.50Arsenolite
    As
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.50Sénarmontite
    Sb
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.55Valentinite
    Sb
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.60Bismite
    Bi
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.65Sphaerobismoite
    Bi
     
    2
    		O
     
    3
    4.CB.70Sillénite
    Bi
     
    12
    		SiO
     
    20
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
    7.12.1Montroseite
    (V,Fe)O(OH)
    7.12.2 Scherbinaite
    V
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    7.12.3Paramontroseite
    VO
     
    2
    7.12.4Häggite
    V
     
    2
    		O
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    3
    7.12.5Duttonite
    VO(OH)
     
    2
    7.12.6Doloresite
    3V
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    7.12.7Lenoblite
    V
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    7.12.8Navajoite
    V
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		 · 3H
     
    2
    		O
    7.12.9Vanoxite
    V
     
    6
    		O
     
    13
    		·8H
     
    2
    		O
    7.12.10Bariandite
    Al
     
    3
    		[(V
    5+
     
    		,V
    4+
     
    		)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
     
    10
    		 · 45H
     
    2
    		O
    7.12.11Corvusite
    V
     
    7
    		O
     
    20
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
    7.12.12Simplotite
    CaV
     
    4
    		O
     
    9
    		·5H
     
    2
    		O
    7.12.13Kyzylkumite
    V
     
    2
    		Ti
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    7.12.14Schreyerite
    V
     
    2
    		Ti
     
    3
    		O
     
    9
    7.12.15Berdesinskiite
    V
    3+
    2
    		TiO
     
    5
    7.12.16Tivanite
    VTiO
     
    3
    		(OH)
    7.12.17Mannardite
    Ba
     
    x
    		Ti
     
    8-2x
    		V
     
    2x
    		O
     
    16
    		·2-xH
     
    2
    		O
    7.12.19Coulsonite
    FeV
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    7.12.20Nolanite
    (V,Fe,Fe,Ti)
     
    10
    		O
     
    14
    		(OH)
     
    2
    7.12.21Vuorelainenite
    (Mn,Fe)(V,Cr)
     
    2
    		O
     
    4
    7.12.22Tantite
    Ta
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    7.12.23Kimrobinsonite
    (Ta,Nb)(OH)
     
    5-2x
    		(O,CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    x
    		 x near 1.2

    Other Names for Karelianite

    German names:
    Karelianit
    Russian names:
    Карелианит
    Spanish names:
    Karelianita

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Karelianite

    Reference List:Zeitschrift für Kristallographie (1962): 117: 233-237.

    American Mineralogist (1963): 48: 33-41.

    Internet Links for Karelianite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Karelianite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Karelianite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Karelianite

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    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Fiji
     
    • Viti Levu
      • Tavua Gold Field
        • Vatukoula
    		16th Australian Geological Convention, Adelaide,
    Finland
     
    • Itä-Suomen Lääni
      • Outokumpu
    		J.V.P. Long, Y. Vuorelainen, O. Kouvo: Amer. Mineral. 48:33-41 (1963)
    Gabon
     
    • Haut-Ogooué
      • Franceville
    Germany
     
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • St Andreasberg District
          • St Andreasberg
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Italy
     
    • Tuscany
      • Lucca Province
        • Apuan Alps
          • Stazzema
    		Orlandi P., Dini A., 2004. Die Mineralien der Buca della Vena-Mine, Apuaner Berge, Toskana (Italien). Lapis, 1: 11-24
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Buriatia (Buryatia) Republic
          • Baikal area
            • Sludyanka (Slyudyanka)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Lake Baikal area
    		[MinRec 27:304]
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