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Keystoneite

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Mcalpine Mine, Coulterville, Tuolumne Co., California, USA
© Brent Thorne

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Formula:
(Ni,Mg,Fe,Mn)
 
3
Te
 
3
O
 
9
·5H
 
2
O
System:HexagonalColour:Golden yellow
Name:For the type locality.
This page provides mineralogical data about Keystoneite.

Classification of Keystoneite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/K.10-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.JM.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
M : Tellurites without additional anions, with H2O
Dana 8th edition ID:34.3.2.3

34 : SELENITES, TELLURITES AND SULFITES
3 : A2(XO3)3·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:28.3.28

28 : Selenites, Selenates, Tellurites, and Tellurates
3 : Tellurites
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Type Occurrence of Keystoneite

Type Locality:Keystone Mine, Magnolia District, Boulder Co., Colorado, USA
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Canada 56561
Year of Discovery:1988
Geological Setting of type material:Oxidation zone of a complex polymetallic hydrothermal deposit.

Physical Properties of Keystoneite

Lustre:Adamantine
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Colour:Golden yellow
Streak:Pale yellow-green
Density (calculated):4.4 g/cm3

Crystallography of Keystoneite

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:a = 9.344(2) Å, c = 7.607(3) Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 0.814
Unit Cell Volume:V 575.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Acicular hexagonal crystals, parallel aggregates and radiating sprays.
Comment:Point group 6/m or 6

Optical Data of Keystoneite

Type:Uniaxial (+)
RI values: nω = 1.850() nε = 1.990(1)
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.140

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High

Chemical Properties of Keystoneite

Formula:
(Ni,Mg,Fe,Mn)
 
3
Te
 
3
O
 
9
·5H
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, Ni, O, Te
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, Mg, Mn, Ni, O, Te
Empirical Formula:
(Ni,Mg,Fe,Mn)
 
3
Te
4+
3
O
 
9
·5H
 
2
O

Relationship of Keystoneite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.JM.05Kinichilite
(Fe,Mg,Zn)
 
2
(TeO
 
3
)
 
3
(Na
 
x
H
 
2-x
)·3H
 
2
O
4.JM.05Zemannite
(H,Na)
 
2
(Zn,Fe)
 
2
(TeO
 
3
)
 
3
·nH
 
2
O
4.JM.10Blakeite
Fe
3+
2
[TeO
 
3
]
 
3
 (?)
4.JM.10Emmonsite
Fe
3+
2
[TeO
 
3
]
 
3
 · 2H
 
2
O
4.JM.15Graemite
Cu[TeO
 
3
] · H
 
2
O
4.JM.20Teineite
Cu[TeO
 
3
] · 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
28.3.1Balyakinite
CuTeO
 
3
28.3.2Rajite
Cu[Te
4+
2
O
 
5
]
28.3.3Graemite
Cu[TeO
 
3
] · H
 
2
O
28.3.4Teineite
Cu[TeO
 
3
] · 2H
 
2
O
28.3.5Cesbronite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
3
|TeO
 
3
]
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
28.3.6Mroseite
CaTeO
 
2
CO
 
3
28.3.7Quetzalcoatlite
Zn
 
6
Cu
 
3
(TeO
 
6
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
·Ag
 
x
Pb
 
y
Cl
 
x+2y
28.3.8Zemannite
(H,Na)
 
2
(Zn,Fe)
 
2
(TeO
 
3
)
 
3
·nH
 
2
O
28.3.9Kinichilite
(Fe,Mg,Zn)
 
2
(TeO
 
3
)
 
3
(Na
 
x
H
 
2-x
)·3H
 
2
O
28.3.10Denningite
(Mn
2+
 
,Ca,Zn)[Te
4+
2
O
 
5
]
28.3.11Spiroffite
(Mn,Zn)
 
2
Te
 
3
O
 
8
28.3.12Winstanleyite
TiTe
 
3
O
 
8
28.3.13Fairbankite
PbTeO
 
3
28.3.14Plumbotellurite
PbTeO
 
3
28.3.15Choloalite
PbCu[TeO
 
3
]
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
28.3.16Smirnite
(BiO)
 
2
[TeO
 
3
]
28.3.17Chekhovichite
Bi
 
2
Te
 
4
O
 
11
28.3.18Cliffordite
UTe
 
3
O
 
9
28.3.19Schmitterite
(UO
 
2
)[TeO
 
3
]
28.3.20Moctezumite
PbUO
 
2
(TeO
 
3
)
 
2
28.3.21Emmonsite
Fe
3+
2
[TeO
 
3
]
 
3
 · 2H
 
2
O
28.3.22Blakeite
Fe
3+
2
[TeO
 
3
]
 
3
 (?)
28.3.23Mackayite
Fe
3+
 
[OH|Te
4+
2
O
 
5
]
28.3.24Poughite
Fe
3+
2
[SO
 
4
|(TeO
 
3
)
 
2
] · 3H
 
2
O
28.3.25Sonoraite
Fe
3+
 
[OH|TeO
 
3
] · H
 
2
O
28.3.26Rodalquilarite
H
 
3
Fe
 
2
(TeO
 
3
)
 
4
Cl
28.3.27Eztlite
Pb
 
2
Fe
3+
6
[(OH)
 
10
|(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)
 
3
|Te
6+
 
O
 
6
] · 8H
 
2
O

Other Names for Keystoneite

Synonyms:
IMA1987-049Keystoneite (of Back et al.)
Other Languages:
German:Keystoneit
Spanish:Keystoneita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Keystoneite

Reference List:Back, M.E., Roberts, A.C., LePage, Y., Mandarino, J.A. (1988): Keystoneite, a new tellurite from the Keystone mine, Colorado, U.S.A. Joint Meeting Geological Association of Canada – Mineralogical Association of Canada, Program and Abstracts, 13, A4.

Miletich, R. (1995): Crystal chemistry of the microporous tellurite
minerals zemannite and kinichilite, Mg0.5[Me2+Fe3+(TeO3)3]•4.5H2O, (Me2+ = Zn, Mn). European Journal of Mineralogy, 7, 509-523.

Internet Links for Keystoneite

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    Localities for Keystoneite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    USA
     
    • California
      • Tuolumne Co.
        • Coulterville
    • Colorado
      • Boulder Co.
        • Magnolia District
    		"Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 289, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 8th Nov 2009 23:19:57