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Kidwellite

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Big Photo

Polk Co., Arkansas, USA
© Karl Volkman 03/06

Show Kidwellite Photos (127)



Formula:
NaFe
3+
9
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
11
 · 3H
 
2
O
Formula is slightly simplified; for details see Kolitsch (2004).
System:MonoclinicColour:Greenish yellow, ...
Hardness:3
Name:
Named by Paul (Paulus) B. Moore and Jum Ito in 1978 in honor of Albert Lewis (or Laws) Kidwell (January 1, 1919 Auxvasse, Missouri, USA - August 16, 2008 Scottsdale, Arizona, USA), mineral collector and research geologist with Carter Oil Company and later Exxon Oil Company, Houston, Texas, USA.


Occurs as replacement of rockbridgeite and beraunite.
Dufrénite or natrodufrénite may overgrow, in an epitaxial way, kidwellite, and vice-versa.

May be confused with meurigite-Na.

Classification of Kidwellite

IMA status:Approved 1974
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/D.11-140
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.DK.20

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
K : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 > 1:1 and < 2:1
Dana 7th edition ID:42.8.2.1
Dana 8th edition ID:42.8.2.1

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
8 : (AB)5(XO4)3Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.14.2

19 : Phosphates
14 : Phosphates of Fe and other metals
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Type Occurrence of Kidwellite

Type Locality:Fodderstack Mountain, Norman, Montgomery Co., Arkansas, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:Olive green botryoids or bands within other phosphate mineral botryoids.
Geological Setting of type material:Phosphate-bearing iron deposits
Associated Minerals at type locality:
StrengiteRockbridgeiteOxiberaunite

Occurrences of Kidwellite

Geological Setting:Rarely in phosphate-rich granite pegmatites

Physical Properties of Kidwellite

Lustre:Resinous, Waxy, Silky, Dull
Comment:Frequently matte botryoids with a fine velvety surface
Colour:Greenish yellow, Greenish white, Yellow, Light green
Streak:yellow
Hardness (Mohs):3
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect on {100}
Fracture:Splintery
Density (measured):3.04 - 3.3 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.34 g/cm3

Crystallography of Kidwellite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:a = 20.61Å, b = 5.15Å, c = 13.75Å
β = 112.64°
Ratio:a:b:c = 4.002 : 1 : 2.67
Unit Cell Volume:V 1 ų
Z:2
Morphology:Usually acicular, but may rarely be almost rod-like crystals
Comment:A2/m, Am, A2
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
9.41 (100)
6.43 (30)
4.017 (35)
3.813 (40)
3.413 (55)
3.193 (40)
3.173 (35)

Optical Data of Kidwellite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.787 nβ = 1.800 nγ = 1.805
Birefringence:0.018
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.018

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:extreme
Pleochroism:Non-pleochroic

Chemical Properties of Kidwellite

Formula:
NaFe
3+
9
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
11
 · 3H
 
2
O


Formula is slightly simplified; for details see Kolitsch (2004).
Essential elements:Fe, H, Na, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, Na, O, P

Relationship of Kidwellite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.DK.Richelsdorfite
Ca
 
2
Cu
 
5
Sb(AsO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
Cl · 6H
 
2
O
8.DK.10Bariopharmacosiderite
Ba
 
0.5
Fe
3+
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
8.DK.10Pharmacosiderite
KFe
3+
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 6-7H
 
2
O
8.DK.10Natropharmacosiderite
(Na,K)Fe
3+
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 6-7H
 
2
O
8.DK.10Hydroniumpharmacosiderite
(H
 
3
O)Fe
 
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DK.12Pharmacoalumite
KAl
 
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 6.5H
 
2
O
8.DK.12Natropharmacoalumite
NaAl
 
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DK.12Bariopharmacoalumite
Ba
 
0.5
Al
 
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.DK.15Burangaite
NaFe
2+
 
Al
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
8.DK.15Dufrénite
Ca
 
0.5
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
8.DK.15Natrodufrénite
NaFe
2+
 
Fe
3+5(PO4)4(OH)6.2H2O
 
8.DK.15Matioliite
NaMgAl
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
8.DK.15Gayite
NaMn
2+
 
Fe
3+
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
8.DK.25Bleasdaleite
(Ca,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
Cu
 
5
(Bi,Cu)(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(H
 
2
O,OH,Cl)
 
13
8.DK.30Matulaite
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)Al
 
7
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(PO
 
3
OH)
 
2
(OH)
 
8
(H
 
2
O)
 
8
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.DK.35Krasnovite
Ba(Al,Mg)(PO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
19.14.1Cyrilovite
NaFe
3+
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.14.3Rosemaryite
(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe
2+
 
)(Fe
3+
 
,Mg)Al(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.14.4Wyllieite
(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.14.5Ferrowyllieite
(Na,Ca,Mn)(Fe,Mn)(Fe,Fe,Mg)Al(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.14.6Natrodufrénite
NaFe
2+
 
Fe
3+5(PO4)4(OH)6.2H2O
 
19.14.7Leucophosphite
KFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
19.14.8Spheniscidite
(NH
 
4
,K)(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
19.14.9Burangaite
NaFe
2+
 
Al
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.14.10Satterlyite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH,O)
19.14.11Ushkovite
MgFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.14.12Garyansellite
(Mg,Fe)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,O) · 1.5H
 
2
O
19.14.13Thadeuite
Ca(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
19.14.14Anapaite
Ca
 
2
Fe
2+
 
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.14.15Xanthoxenite
Ca
 
4
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.14.16Calcioferrite
Ca
 
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH) · 7H
 
2
O
19.14.17Mitridatite
Ca
 
2
Fe
3+
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.14.18Mélonjosephite
CaFe
2+
 
Fe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
19.14.19Delvauxite
CaFe
 
4
(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
8
 · 4-6H
 
2
O not confirmed ·
19.14.20Collinsite
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.14.21Segelerite
Ca
 
2
 Mg
 
2
 Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.14.22Kingsmountite
Ca
 
4
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
4
 · 12H
 
2
O
19.14.23Vauxite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
19.14.24Metavauxite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.14.25Paravauxite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.14.26Sigloite
Fe
3+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 7H
 
2
O
19.14.27Cacoxenite
Fe
3+
24
Al(PO
 
4
)
 
17
O
 
6
(OH)
 
12
 · 17H
 
2
O
19.14.28Koninckite
Fe
3+
 
PO
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.14.29Lazulite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
19.14.30Scorzalite
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
19.14.31Souzalite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.14.32Gormanite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.14.33Zaïrite
Bi(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6

Other Names for Kidwellite

Synonyms:
IMA1974-024
Other Languages:
German:Kidwellit
Spanish:Kidwelita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:Not fluorescent in UV
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Kidwellite

Reference List:

- +
Moore, P.B. & Ito, J. (1978): Kidwellite, NaFe3+9(OH)10(PO4)6*5H2O, a new species. Mineralogical Magazine,42, 137-140.

American Mineralogist (1979): 64: 242-243.

Braithwaite, R.S.W. and Corke, H. (1980) Kidwellite from Cornwall. Mineralogical Magazine, 43, 952-953.

Kolitsch, U. (2004): The crystal structures kidwellite and 'laubmannite', two complex fibrous iron phosphates. Mineralogical Magazine, 68, 147-165.

Internet Links for Kidwellite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Kidwellite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Kidwellite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Australian Min. 3:1 (1997)
    • South Australia
      • Eyre Peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		Min Rec 12:106n, 22:(387)
    • Victoria
      • Lake Boga
    		No reference listed
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Doce valley
        • Galiléia
          • Sapucaia do Norte
    		Cassedanne, J.P. & Baptista, A. (1999): Famous Mineral Localities: The Sapucaia Pegmatite Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mineralogical Record, 30: 347-360 + 365
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Plzeň Region
        • Rokycany (Rokitzan; Rokytzan)
    		Janouš, F.: Minerály z Kněží hory u Těškova (okres Rokycany), Minerál, 1995, roč. 3, č. 6, s. 367-369.
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Allier
        • Ébreuil
          • Échassières
    		Queneau Patrice collection; Uwe Kolitsch (PXRD analysis)
    Pierre Le Roch & Jean-Marc Johannet collections
    Walenta, K. & Binder, W. (1980): Kidwellit und Dufrenit aus den Mines de Montmins bei Echassiéres (französisches Zentralmassiv). Aufschluss 31, 51-54.; Le Règne Minéral, (33), 5-25.
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Tarn
        • Castelnau-de-Brassac
          • Fumade
    		Queneau Patrice collection
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German); MinRec 28:141; U. Kolitsch (2004): The crystal structures of kidwellite and 'laubmannite', two complex fibrous iron phosphates. Mineral. Mag. 68, 147-165.
    • Hesse
      • Wetzlar
        • Waldgirmes
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
        • Weilburg
          • Essershausen
    		Blaß, G. (2002): Eine neue Phosphatmineralien-Paragenese von der Grube Mark bei Essershausen, mittleres Lahngebiet, Taunus. Mineralien-Welt, 13 (6), 18-43. (in German)
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Sauerland
        • Warstein
          • Hirschberg
    		D. Pawlowski: "Mineralfundstellen im Sauerland", Weise (Munich), 1991
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Siegerland
        • Herdorf
          • Dermbach
    		Hucko, S. (2010): Phosphatparagenesen auf Brauneisensteingängen am Windhahn. Mineralien-Welt 21 (2), 14-25.
      • Westerwald
        • Bad Marienberg
          • Wildsachsen
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Wied Iron Spar District
          • Altenkirchen
            • Bürdenbach
    		Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
          • Neuwied
            • Dernbach
    		Belendorff, K. (2012) Neuigkeiten von der Grube Schöne Aussicht bei Dernbach. Mineralienwelt, 23(5), 28-37.
    • Saxony
      • Oberlausitz
        • Görlitz
          • Rengersdorf
    		T. Witzke & T. Giesler (1997): Neufunde aus Sachsen (VI): Churchit-(Y), Cyrilovit, Faustit, Kidwellit, Meurigit und Nickelhexahydrit aus der Lausitz.- Lapis 22, 9, 36-38
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto Region
        • Ibaraki Prefecture
          • Kasumigaura City
            • Chiyoda-machi
    		Matsubara & Kato (1980) Koubutsugaku Zasshi, 14, 269-286.
    Mali
     
    • Sikasso Region
    		Gineste, C. (2012): N'golokasso, une occurrence de phosphates dans le Sud Mali. Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 3-2012, 110-120
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    		Favreau, G. (2012): Les minéralisations à phosphates de la pegmatite d'Angarf-Sud (Maroc).Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 3-2012, 3-70.
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Okatjimukuju Farm 55 (Friedrichsfelde Farm)
    		P. Keller and O. von Knorring, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1989, 1, pp. 567-593.
        • Usakos
    		Von Bezing, L., Bode, R., and Jahn, S., (2008) Namibia Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern. 409 (in English).
    Der Aufschluss 36:117-119
    Portugal
     
    • Bragança District
      • Torre de Moncorvo
        • Felgar
    		Pedro Alves collection
    Pedro Alves collection
    • Guarda District
      • Gouveia
    		Georges Favreau info; Analyses by Nicolas Meisser in Lausanne (EDS + XRD).
    desescaut.jy@voila.fr
    Spain
     
    • Castile-La Mancha
      • Ciudad Real
        • Minas de Horcajo
    		Sáinz de Baranda, B., Palero, F.J., García, G. (2004): El Horcajo, las piromorfitas más famosas del mundo. Bocamina, 13, 32-68.
    • Extremadura
      • Cáceres
        • Zarza la Mayor
    		Viñals, J. and Calvo, M. (2011). Secondary phosphates of La Paloma mine, Zarza la Mayor, Cáceres, Spain. Mineral Up 2 (5), 8-31.
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
      • Kiruna district
        • Svappavaara
    		No reference listed
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Liskeard District
          • Linkinhorne
            • Minions
    		Mineralogical Magazine, 43, 952-953
    USA
     
    • Alabama
      • Calhoun Co.
    		Min Rec 1995 26:475-499
      • Cherokee Co.
    		Barwood, H. & Hajek, B. (1978): Notes of Some New Occurences in Alabama. Mineralogical Record. 9: 388-391; Min.Rec.:20(5):361; Rocks & Min.: 64:203.
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
    • Arkansas
      • Montgomery Co.
        • Norman
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1978 42 : 137-140.; Rocks & Minerals: 64: 297.
        • North Mountain
    		Rocks & Min.: 63:113; 64:294; Sick (1984).
      • Polk Co.
    		Rocks and Minerals, (1988) 63:104-125
        • Shady
    		Rocks & Min.:64:297-298.
    Rocks and Minerals, (1988) 63:104-125
        • Three Oaks Gap
    		Rocks & Minerals: 63: 120.
    • Georgia
      • Burke Co.
        • Girard District
    		Jason Smith & M.E. Ciriotti (2005) [m.ciriotti@tin.it]
    • Nevada
      • Esmeralda Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Divide District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Iron Point District
          • Valmy
    		Dr. William S. Wise presentation to Northwest Micro Mineral Study Group on 1 May 2004, Update on Mineralogy of the Silver Coin Mine, Iron Point District, Edna Mountains, Humboldt Co., Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Fourmile
    		Thomas J. Campbell & Willard L. Roberts (1986) Phosphate Minerals from the Tip Top Mine, Black Hills, South Dakota. Min. Rec. 17: 237-254.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Glendale
    		Rocks & Minerals: 60: 116.
    • Virginia
      • Rockbridge Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
        • Lyndhurst-Vesuvius District
    		Rocks & Min.:64:42-45 (also see Rocks & Min.:57:20-22 & 60:168); Watson(1907).
        • Midvale
          • South Mountain
    		Rocks & Min.: 57:20 & 60:168.
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