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Kinoite

Big Photo

Laurium Mine, Laurium, Houghton Co., Michigan, USA
© J.A. Jaszczak

Show Kinoite Photos (58)
Formula:
Ca
 
2
Cu
 
2
(H
 
2
O)
 
2
[Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
System:MonoclinicColour:Transparent deep blue
Hardness:2½
Name:Named for the Italian Jesuit missionary Eusebio Francisco Kino (1645-1711)
This page provides mineralogical data about Kinoite.

Classification of Kinoite

IMA status:Approved 1969
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/C.31-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.BH.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
H : Sorosilicates with Si3O10, Si4O11, etc. anions; cations in tetrahedral [4] and greater coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:57.1.2.1

57 : SOROSILICATES Si3O10 Groups and Larger Noncyclic Groups
1 : Insular Si3O10 and Larger Noncyclic Groups with [Si3O10] groups
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.2.9

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
2 : Silicates of Cu
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Type Occurrence of Kinoite

Type Locality:Santa Rita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:Veinlets and crystals embedded in apophyllite. Euhedral crystals to 1mm. From drill core.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:US National Museum, Dept. Geol., University of Arizona
Year of Discovery:1970
Geological Setting of type material:skarn and fault gouge

Physical Properties of Kinoite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Transparent deep blue
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Cleavage:Very Good
excellent {010}, distinct {001} and {100}
Density (measured):3.13 - 3.19 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.193 g/cm3

Crystallography of Kinoite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:P21/m (P1 1 21/m) [P21/m] {P1 21/m 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 6.99Å, b = 12.88Å, c = 5.65Å
β = 96.18°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.543 : 1 : 0.439
Unit Cell Volume:V 505.72 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Tabular in the plane of b and c axes. [hk0] zone is striated. Pseudoorthorhombic.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Kinoite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.638 nβ = 1.665 nγ = 1.676
2V:Measured: 68° , Calculated: 64°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.038

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:relatively weak

Chemical Properties of Kinoite

Formula:
Ca
 
2
Cu
 
2
(H
 
2
O)
 
2
[Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
Essential elements:Ca, Cu, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Ca, Cu, H, O, Si
Common Impurities:Mg

Relationship of Kinoite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.BH.05Aminoffite
Ca
 
2
(Be,Al)Si
 
2
O
 
7
(OH)·H
 
2
O
9.BH.15Akatoreite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
3
|HSi
 
4
O
 
13
]
 
2
9.BH.20Fencooperite
Ba
 
6
Fe
3+
3
Si
 
8
O
 
23
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
Cl
 
3
·H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
14.2.1Dioptase
Cu
 
6
(Si
 
6
O
 
18
)·6H
 
2
O
14.2.2Shattuckite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
3
)
 
4
]
14.2.3Plancheite
Cu
 
8
[(OH)
 
4
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
] · H
 
2
O
14.2.4Gilalite
Cu
 
5
Si
 
6
O
 
17
·7H
 
2
O
14.2.5Chrysocolla
(Cu,Al)
 
2
H
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
·nH
 
2
O
14.2.6Litidionite
CuNaKSi
 
4
O
 
10
14.2.7Reinhardbraunsite
Ca
 
5
[(OH,F)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
14.2.8Cuprorivaite
CaCu[Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
14.2.10Stringhamite
CaCu[SiO
 
4
] · H
 
2
O
14.2.11Apachite
Cu
 
9
Si
 
10
O
 
29
·11H
 
2
O

Other Names for Kinoite

Synonyms:
IMA1969-037
Other Languages:
Dutch:Kinoiet
German:Kinoit
Italian:Kinoite
Japanese:キノ石
Russian:Киноит
Spanish:Kinoita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Kinoite

Reference List:Anthony, J.W. & R.B. Laughton (1970), Kinoite, A new hydrous copper calcium silicate mineral from Arizona, American Mineralogist: 55: 709-713.

Laughon, R. B. (1971): The crystal structure of kinoite. American Mineralogist 56, 193-200.

Internet Links for Kinoite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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    Localities for Kinoite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Okayama Prefecture
          • Takahashi
            • Bitchu-cho (Bicchu-cho)
    		Kusachi et al (2001) Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 96, 29-33.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Christmas area
              • Christmas
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 117, 231.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 264, 268; Williams, S.A. (1976), Junitoite, a new hydrated calcium zinc silicate from Christmas, AZ, Am.Min.: 61: 1255-1258.
      • Pima Co.
    		: Anthony, J.W. & R.B. Laughton (1970), Kinoite, A new hydrous copper calcium silicate mineral from Arizona, American Mineralogist: 55: 709-713.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 142; Anthony, J.W. & R.B. Laughon (1970), Kinoite, a new hydrous copper calcium silicate mineral from AZ, Am.Min.: 55: 709-713.
            • Helvetia-Rosemont area
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 185, 268; Anthony, J.W. & R.B. Laughton (1970), Kinoite, A new hydrous copper calcium silicate mineral from Arizona, Am.Min.: 55: 709-713.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 117, 206; Anthony, J.W. & R.B. Laughon (1970), Kinoite, a new hydrous copper calcium silicate mineral from AZ, Am.Min.: 55: 709-713.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 206; Anthony, J.W. & R.B. Laughon (1970), Kinoite, a new hydrous copper calcium silicate mineral from AZ, Am.Min.: 55: 709-713.
        • Sierrita Mts
          • Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District)
            • Twin Buttes
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 268, 385.
    • Michigan
    		www.deq.state.mi.us/documents/deq-glm-rcim-geology-Minerals_Found_In_Michigan.Pdf.
    AmMin 62:1032
        • Centennial
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
        • Hubbell
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
        • Kearsarge
    		Wilson, M. L. (1977): Kinoite from Michigan- a new occurence. Mineralogical Record 8, 519-520
    Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
        • Laurium
    		Rocks & Min.: 58:109.
        • Osceola
    		Rocks & Minerals 82:276-297
          • Osceola Mine
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
      • Keweenaw Co.
        • Phoenix
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
      • Ontonagon Co.
        • Mass City
    		Rocks & Minerals 79:2 pp124-125
    • Minnesota
      • St. Louis Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals 81:136-140
    • Utah
      • Beaver Co.
        • Rocky Range
          • Rocky District
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    Mineral and/or Locality
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