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Kornerupine

Big Photo

Betroka District, Anosy (Fort Dauphin) Region, Tuléar (Toliara) Province, Madagascar
© Caltech

Show Kornerupine Photos (13)
Formula:
Mg
 
3
Al
 
6
(Si,Al,B)
 
5
O
 
21
(OH)
System:OrthorhombicHardness:7


Kornerupine-Prismatine Series.

Classification of Kornerupine

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/B.31-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.BJ.50

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
J : Sorosilicates with Si3O10, Si4O11, etc. anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:58.1.1.1

58 : SOROSILICATES Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups
1 : Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups with cations in [4] and higher coordination; single and double groups (n=1, 2)
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.5.15

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
5 : Borosilicates
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Type Occurrence of Kornerupine

Type Locality:Fiskenaes old harbour, Fiskenaes (Fiskenaesset; Qeqertarsuatsiaat), Nuuk (Godthåb), Kitaa (West Greenland) Province, Greenland
Year of Discovery:1884

Physical Properties of Kornerupine

Hardness (Mohs):7

Crystallography of Kornerupine

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 15.99Å, b = 13.7Å, c = 6.7Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.167 : 1 : 0.489
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,467.72 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Kornerupine

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.660 - 1.671 nβ = 1.673 - 1.683 nγ = 1.674 - 1.684
2V:Measured: 3° to 48°, Calculated: 30° to 32°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.014

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r > v or r < v

Chemical Properties of Kornerupine

Formula:
Mg
 
3
Al
 
6
(Si,Al,B)
 
5
O
 
21
(OH)
Essential elements:Al, H, Mg, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, B, H, Mg, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Mn,Ca,Li,Na,F

Relationship of Kornerupine to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Prismatine (see here)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.BJ.05Orientite
Ca
 
2
MnMn
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
(OH)
 
4
9.BJ.10Rosenhahnite
HCa
 
3
[Si
 
3
O
 
9
(OH)]
9.BJ.15Trabzonite
Ca
 
4
Si
 
3
O
 
10
·2H
 
2
O
9.BJ.20Thalénite-(Y)
Y
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
10
(OH)
9.BJ.20Fluorthalénite-(Y)
Y
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
10
F
9.BJ.25Tiragalloite
Mn
 
4
AsSi
 
3
O
 
12
(OH)
9.BJ.30Medaite
(Mn,Ca)
 
6
(V,As)Si
 
5
O
 
18
OH
9.BJ.35Ruizite
Ca
 
2
Mn
3+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|H
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
13
] · 2H
 
2
O
9.BJ.40Ardennite-(As)
Mn
2+
4
[(Al,Mg)
 
6
][(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
,VO
 
4
)|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
|Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.BJ.40Ardennite-(V)
Mn
2+
4
[Al
 
4
(Mg,Al,Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)
 
2
][(OH)
 
6
|(VO
 
4
,SiO
 
4
)|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
|Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.BJ.45Kilchoanite
Ca
 
3
Si
 
2
O
 
7
9.BJ.50Prismatine
([ ],Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)
 
5
Al
 
4
Si
 
2
(Si,Al)
 
2
(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)
 
22
9.BJ.55Zunyite
Al
 
13
Si
 
5
O
 
20
(OH,F)
 
18
Cl
9.BJ.60Hubeite
Ca
 
2
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
 
[HSi
 
4
O
 
13
] · 2H
 
2
O
9.BJ.65Cassagnaite
(Ca,Mn
2+
 
)
 
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
,Al)
 
4
(V
3+
 
,Mg,Al)
 
2
[(O,OH)
 
4
|(OH)
 
4
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
|Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.5.1Manandonite
LiAl
 
4
Si
 
3
BO
 
10
(OH)
 
6
17.5.2Reedmergnerite
Na[BSi
 
3
O
 
8
]
17.5.3Searlesite
NaBSi
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
2
17.5.4Olenite
(Na,[ ])[(Al,Li)
 
3
][Al
 
6
][(O,OH)
 
3
|OH|(BO
 
3
)
 
3
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.5Elbaite
[Na][(Li,Al)
 
3
][Al
 
6
][(OH)
 
3
|OH|(BO
 
3
)
 
3
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.6Kalborsite
K
 
6
[Cl|B(OH)
 
4
|Al
 
4
Si
 
6
O
 
20
]
17.5.7Boromuscovite
KAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|BSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
17.5.8Poudretteite
KNa
 
2
B
 
3
Si
 
12
O
 
30
17.5.9Liddicoatite
[Ca][Li
 
2
Al][Al
 
6
][(OH)
 
3
|F|(BO
 
3
)
 
3
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.10Datolite
CaB[OH|SiO
 
4
]
17.5.11Danburite
CaB
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
17.5.12Howlite
Ca
 
2
B
 
5
SiO
 
9
(OH)
 
5
17.5.13Bakerite
Ca
 
4
B
 
4
[(OH)
 
4
|HBO
 
4
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
17.5.14Oyelite
Ca
 
10
Si
 
8
B
 
2
O
 
29
·12.5H
 
2
O
17.5.16Harkerite
Ca
 
24
Mg
 
8
Al
 
2
Si
 
8
(O,OH)
 
32
(BO
 
3
)
 
8
(CO
 
3
)
 
8
(H
 
2
O,Cl)
17.5.17Serendibite
(Ca,Na)
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
[O
 
2
|(Si,Al,B)
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.18Stillwellite-(Ce)
(Ce,La,Ca)BSiO
 
5
17.5.19Tadzhikite-(Ce)
(Ca,Ce)
 
4
(Ca,Y)
 
2
(Ti
4+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Al)[B
 
4
Si
 
4
O
 
22
(O,OH)
 
6
](OH)
 
2
17.5.20Melanocerite-(Ce)
(Ce,Ca)
 
5
(Si,B)
 
3
O
 
12
(OH,F)·nH
 
2
O
17.5.21Okanoganite-(Y)
(Na,Ca)
 
3
(Y,Ce)
 
12
Si
 
6
B
 
2
O
 
27
F
 
14
17.5.22Tritomite-(Ce)
(Ce,La,Y,Th)
 
5
(Si,B)
 
3
(O,OH,F)
 
13
17.5.23Tritomite-(Y)
(Y,Ca,La,Fe)
 
5
(Si,B,Al)
 
3
(O,OH,F)
 
13
17.5.24Cappelenite-(Y)
Ba(Y,Ce)
 
6
Si
 
3
B
 
6
O
 
24
F
 
2
17.5.25Dumortierite
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
7
[O
 
3
|BO
 
3
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
17.5.26Holtite
(Ta,Sb)Al
 
6
[O
 
3
|BO
 
3
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
17.5.27Dravite
[Na][Mg
 
3
][Al
 
6
][(OH)
 
3
|OH|(BO
 
3
)
 
3
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.28 Ferridravite
17.5.29Axinite-(Mg)
Ca
 
2
MgAl
 
2
[OH|BSi
 
4
O
 
15
]
17.5.30Uvite
[Ca][(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
][MgAl
 
5
][(OH)
 
3
|OH|(BO
 
3
)
 
3
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.31Garrelsite
Ba
 
3
NaSi
 
2
B
 
7
O
 
16
(OH)
 
4
17.5.32Tienshanite
Na
 
2
BaMnTiB
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
20
17.5.33Leucosphenite
BaNa
 
4
Ti
 
2
B
 
2
Si
 
10
O
 
30
17.5.34Taramellite
Ba
 
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Ti,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
4
(B
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
27
)O
 
2
Cl
 
x
17.5.35Titantaramellite
Ba
 
4
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
4
(B
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
27
)O
 
2
Cl
 
x
17.5.36Nagashimalite
Ba
 
4
(V,Ti)
 
4
B
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
27
(O,OH)
 
2
Cl
17.5.37Chromdravite
[Na][Mg
 
3
][(Cr
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
6
][(OH)
 
3
|OH|(BO
 
3
)
 
3
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.38Wawayandaite
Ca
 
6
Mn
 
2
BBe
 
9
Si
 
6
O
 
23
(OH,Cl)
 
15
17.5.39Werdingite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
Al
 
14
Si
 
4
B
 
4
O
 
37
17.5.40Axinite-(Mn)
Ca
 
2
Mn
2+
 
Al
 
2
[OH|BSi
 
4
O
 
15
]
17.5.41Axinite
17.5.42Tinzenite
(Ca,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
Al
 
2
[OH|BSi
 
4
O
 
15
]
17.5.44Schorl
[Na][Fe
2+
3
][Al
 
6
][(OH)
 
3
|OH|(BO
 
3
)
 
3
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.45Buergerite
[Na][Fe
3+
3
][Al
 
6
][O
 
3
|F|(BO
 
3
)
 
3
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.46Feruvite
[Ca][(Fe
2+
 
 ,Mg)
 
3
][MgAl
 
5
][(OH)
 
3
|OH|(BO
 
3
)
 
3
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
17.5.47Axinite-(Fe)
Ca
 
2
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
[OH|BSi
 
4
O
 
15
]
17.5.48Homilite
Ca
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)B
 
2
[O|SiO
 
4
]
 
2
17.5.49Grandidierite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
[O
 
2
|BO
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]
17.5.50Hyalotekite
(Ba,Pb,Ca,K)
 
6
(B,Si,Al)
 
2
(Si,Be)
 
10
O
 
28
(F,Cl)
17.5.51Hellandite-(Y)
(Ca,Y)
 
6
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)Si
 
4
B
 
4
O
 
20
(OH)
 
4

Other Names for Kornerupine

Synonyms:
Kornerupite
Other Languages:
German:Kornerupin
Kornerupit
Russian:Корнерупин
Spanish:Kornerupita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Kornerupine

Reference List:Grew, E., Herd, R., Marquez, N. (1987): Boron-bearing Kornerupine from Fiskenaesset, West Greenland: a re-examination of specimens from the type locality, Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 51, 695 - 708

American Mineralogist (1989): 74: 642-655.

Mineralogical Magazine (1996): 60: 483-491.

American Mineralogist (1999): 84: 536-549.

Ottolini, L. and Hawthorne, F.C. (2001) SIMS ionization of hydrogen in silicates: a case study of kornerupine. Journal of Anal. At. Spectroscopy: 16: 1266-1270.

Grew, E.S., and Anovitz, L.M. (1996) BORON: Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, second edition, as revised (2002), Reviews in Mineralogy . 33, Mineralogical Society of America.

Grew, E.S., Pertsev, N.N., Vrána, S., Yates, M.G., Shearer, C.K., and Wiedenbeck, M. (1998) Kornerupine parageneses in whiteschists and other magnesian rocks: is kornerupine + talc a high-pressure assemblage equivalent to tourmaline + orthoamphibole? Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 131: 22-38.

Cooper, M.A., Hawthorne, F.C., Grew, E.S. (2009): The crystal chemistry of the kornerupite-prismatine series. I. Crystal structure and site population. Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 233-262.

Cooper, M.A., Hawthorne, F.C., Grew, E.S., Kyser, T.K., Rossman, G.R. (2009): The crystal chemistry of the kornerupite-prismatine series. II. The role of hydrogen. Canadian Mineralogist, 47 Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 263-274.

Hawthorne, F.C., Cooper, M.A., Grew, E.S. (2009): The crystal chemistry of the kornerupite-prismatine series. III. Chemical relations. Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 275-296.

Cooper, M.A. & Hawthorne, F.C. (2009): The crystal chemistry of the kornerupine-prismatine series. IV. Complete chemical formulae from electron-microprobe data and X-ray powder diffraction. Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 297-302.

Cooper, M.A., Hawthorne, F.C., Grew, E.S. (2009): The crystal chemistry of the kornerupite-prismatine series. V. The site of beryllium in kornerupine. Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 303-314.

Internet Links for Kornerupine

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
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  • Kornerupine details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Kornerupine

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
      • Enderby Land
        • Edward VIII Bay
    		Journal of Petrology, 2004, 45 (7), pp. 1481-1512.
      • Queen Maud Land (Dronning Maud Land)
        • Lützow-Holm Bay
    		Tetsuo Kawakami, et al (2005) Annual Meeting of the JAMP, 2005.
    Australia
     
    • Northern Territory
      • Harts Ranges (Hartz Ranges)
    Neues Jahrb Mineral Monatsh1:15-35. (1976)
    Burma (Myanmar)
     
    • Mandalay Division
      • Sagaing District
        • Mogok
    		No reference listed
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Gatineau Co.
        • Alwyn Township
    		No reference listed
    Colombia
     
    • Cauca Department
      • Mercaderes
    		Sutherland, F.L., Duroc-Danner, J.M., and Meffre, S. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 155-168.
    Finland
     
    • Lapin (Lapland) Lääni
    		No reference listed
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Nuuk (Godthåb)
        • Fiskenaes (Fiskenaesset; Qeqertarsuatsiaat)
          • Bjørnesund
    		Petersen, O.V & Johnsen, O. (1980): Giant crystals of Kornerupine. Mineralogical Record 11,93-96
    Mineralogical Magazine 1987 51 : 695-708.
    Friend C.R.L. (1995): Occurrences of Boron-free and Boron-poor Kornerupine, Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 59, 163-166
    Kenya
     
    • Coast Province
      • Kwale District
    		Lapis 8(4), 25 (1983)
      • Taita Taveta District
    		Collection of NHM, Vienna
    Madagascar
     
    • Tuléar (Toliara) Province
      • Androy Region
        • Ambovombe-Atsimo District
          • Imanombo Commune
    		Ackermand, D., Windley, B. F. & Razafiniparany, A. .H. (1991): Kornerupine breakdown reactions in paragneisses from southern Madagascar. Mineralogical Magazine 55: 71-80
      • Anosy (Fort Dauphin) Region
        • Betroka District
          • Ianabinda Commune
    		Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive. p 46
    Knorring,v.O; Sahama, Th.G & Lehtinen, M.(1969): Kornerupine-bearing gneiss from Inanakafy nearBetroka, Madagascar. Bull.Geol.Soc. Finland 41, 79-84
      • Southwestern Region
    		Behier, J. (1964): Travaux mineralogiques. in Besaire, H.: Rapport Annuel du Service Geologique pour 1965. Tananarive. p 243
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
      • Arendal
        • Tromøy
    		Nijland, T.G., Zwaan, J.C & Touret, L. (1998): Topograpical mineralogy of the Bamble sector, south Norway. Scripta Geologica 118, 46 pp
    Hulzebos-Sijen N.M.P.E., Visser, D., Maarschalkerweerd, M.H. & Maijer, C., (1990). Two new kornerupine localities in the Bamble Sector, south Norway. Abstract 19th Nordic Geological Winter Meeting, Geonytt, 17, 58
      • Froland
    		Nijland, T.G., Zwaan, J.C & Touret, L. (1998): Topograpical mineralogy of the Bamble sector, south Norway. Scripta Geologica 118, 46 pp
      • Risør
        • Søndeled
    		Hulzebos-Sijen N.M.P.E., Visser, D., Maarschalkerweerd, M.H. & Maijer, C. (1990): Two new kornerupine localities in the Bamble Sector, south Norway. Abstract 19th Nordic Geological Winter Meeting, Geonytt, 17, 58
    • Telemark
      • Bamble (Bamle)
        • Bjordam
    		Dirk van der Wel (1973): Kornerupine: A mineral new to Norway. Contribution to the Mineralogy of Norway, No.53, in Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, vol 53, pp 349-357
    Slovakia
     
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Dobšiná (Dobschau) Mining District
    		Háber,M., Hovorka,D., 1981: Ore mineralisation on the contact of an alpine type ultramafic body (Dankova, SGR Mnts). Geol.Zbor. – Geol.Carpath., 91 – 113
    South Africa
     
    • KwaZulu-Natal Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Limpopo Province
      • Soutspansberg District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
        • Gordonia District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Sri Lanka
     
    • Southern Province
      • Matara
    		Natural History Museum Vienna collection
    Tanzania
     
    • Dodoma Region
      • Kongwa
    		No reference listed
    Uganda
     
    • Kotido District (Karamoja District)
    		http://www.min.uni-kiel.de/petrographie/schenk/ugandaweb/index1.html?/petrographie/schenk/ugandaweb/labwor.html
    USA
     
    • New Jersey
      • Morris Co.
        • Jefferson Township
    		Young, Davis, 1995,Kornerupine-group Minerals in Grenville-Facies Paragneiss, Reading Prong, New Jersey, The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 33, p. 1255-1262.
      • Passaic Co.
    		Volkert, Richard A., 2009, Kornerupine: A Rare and Unusual Mineral in the New Jersey Highlands, The Picking Table, v. 50 (1): 20-21.
    • New York
      • Lewis Co.
    		NY State Museum spec. no. 18734
      • Warren Co.
    		NY State Museum spec. no. 15770
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.; George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    • Utah
      • San Juan Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    Zambia
     
    • Copperbelt Province
    		No reference listed
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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