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Kornite

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Formula:
[(Na,K)][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Mn
3+
2
Li]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
System:MonoclinicColour:Dark red to ...
Lustre:VitreousHardness:6 - 7
Name:For Hermann Korn (b. 1946), German geologist


Amphibole Group, Sodic Clino-Amphibole Subgroup .

Classification of Kornite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.08-87
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DE.25

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
Dana 8th edition ID:66.1.3c.13

66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
1 : Amphiboles - Mg-Fe-Mn-Li subgroup
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Type Occurrence of Kornite

Type Locality:Wessels Mine (Wessel's Mine), Hotazel, Kalahari manganese fields, Northern Cape Province, South Africa
Year of Discovery:1993

Physical Properties of Kornite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Dark red to brownish-lilac.
Streak:nd
Hardness (Mohs):6 - 7
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
parallel to [001]

Crystallography of Kornite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 9.94Å, b = 17.8Å, c = 5.3Å
β = 105.52°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.558 : 1 : 0.298
Unit Cell Volume:V 903.55 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Kornite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.654 nβ = 1.675 nγ = 1.696
2V:Measured: 88° to 92°, Calculated: 88°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.042

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r < v distinct

Chemical Properties of Kornite

Formula:
[(Na,K)][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Mn
3+
2
Li]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
Essential elements:H, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:H, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, O, Si

Relationship of Kornite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.DE.05Anthophyllite
☐{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.05Cummingtonite
☐{Mg
 
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.05Clinoferroholmquistite
☐{Li
 
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH,F)
 
2
9.DE.05Grunerite
☐{Fe
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.05Manganocummingtonite
☐{Mn
2+
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.05Manganogrunerite
☐{Mn
2+
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.05Permanganogrunerite
☐{Mn
2+
2
}{Mn
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.05Fluoro-sodic-ferropedrizite
{Na}{Li
 
2
}{Fe
 
2
Al
 
2
Li}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)F
 
2
9.DE.05IMA2009-085
{Na}{Na
 
2
}{Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)F
 
2
9.DE.10Actinolite
☐{Ca
 
2
}{(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Alumino-ferro-hornblende
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
4
Al}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Alumino-magnesio-hornblende
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Al}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Aluminotschermakite
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Ferritschermakite
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Ferro-Actinolite
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Ferrohornblende
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
4
Al}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Ferrotschermakite
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
 
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Joesmithite
{Pb}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
}(Be
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Magnesiohornblende
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Al}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Tremolite
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Tschermakite
☐{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
 
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Cannilloite
{Ca}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Al}(Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Fluor-cannilloite
{Ca}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Al}(Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Parvo-manganotremolite
☐{CaMn
2+
 
}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.10Fluorotremolite
☐Ca
 
2
Mg
 
5
Si
 
8
O
 
22
F
 
2
9.DE.10IMA2009-091
{K}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)F
 
2
9.DE.15Edenite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Ferro-edenite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
5
}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Ferrokaersutite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
4
Ti}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)O
9.DE.15Ferropargasite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
4
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Hastingsite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Kaersutite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Ti}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)O
9.DE.15Magnesiohastingsite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Magnesiosadanagaite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Pargasite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Sadanagaite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Fluoro-edenite
{Na}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
5
}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Potassic-Ferrisadanagaite
{K}{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
}(Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Potassic-Magnesiosadanagaite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassicpargasite
{K}{Ca
 
2
}{Mg
 
4
Al}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Potassicsadanagaite
{K}{Ca
 
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Fluoro-magnesiohastingsite
[Na][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][F
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Ferriwhittakerite
Na(Na
 
1.0-1.5
Li
 
0.5-1.0
)
 
2
(Fe
3+
2
Mg
 
2
Li)Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Ferri-ottoliniite
◻(Na
 
1
Li
 
1
)(Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
)[Si
 
8
O
 
22
](OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Fluoro-potassichastingsite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(F,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Chloro-potassichastingsite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
][(Cl,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Fluoropargasite
NaCa
 
2
(Mg
 
4
Al)Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
(F,OH)
 
2
9.DE.15Parvo-mangano-edenite
Na[CaMn
2+
 
][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Chloro-potassicpargasite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Al][(Cl,OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Chloro-potassic-ferro-edenite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Fe
2+
5
][(Cl,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassic-magnesiohastingsite
[K][Ca
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.15Potassic-ferropargasite
KCa
 
2
(Fe
2+
4
Al)Si
 
6
Al
 
2
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Aluminobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Aluminokatophorite
9.DE.20Aluminotaramite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Barroisite
☐{CaNa}{Mg
 
3
AlFe
3+
 
}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Ferri-ferrobarroisite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferri-ferrowinchite
☐[CaNa][Fe
2+
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Ferribarroisite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferritaramite
Na[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Ferrikatophorite
NaCaNaFe
2+
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Alumino-ferrobarroisite
☐{CaNa}{Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Ferrobarroisite
☐{CaNa}{Fe
2+
3
AlFe
3+
 
}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Ferrorichterite
{Na}{CaNa}{Fe
2+
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Ferrowinchite
☐{CaNa}{Fe
2+
4
Al}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Katophorite
{Na}{CaNa}{Fe
2+
4
Al}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Ferri-magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Magnesiotaramite
{Na}{CaNa}{Mg
 
3
AlFe
3+
 
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Richterite
{Na}{CaNa}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Taramite
{Na}{CaNa}{Fe
2+
3
AlFe
3+
 
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Winchite
☐{CaNa}{Mg
 
4
Al}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Alumino-Magnesiotaramite
{Na}{CaNa}{Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
}(Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Fluororichterite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20Magnesiokatophorite
{Na}{CaNa}{Mg
 
4
Al}(AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Fluoro-potassicrichterite
{K}{CaNa}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Potassicrichterite
K[CaNa][Mg
 
5
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Parvowinchite
☐[Mn
2+
 
Na][Mg
 
4
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Ferriwinchite
☐[CaNa][Mg
 
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.20Fluoro-alumino-magnesiotaramite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][F
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.20IMA2007-015
K[CaNa][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Arfvedsonite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Eckermannite
[Na][Na
 
2
][(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
4
Al]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Ferro-eckermannite
[Na][Na
 
2
][(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
4
Al]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Ferroglaucophane
◻[Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Al
 
2
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Glaucophane
◻[Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Kôzulite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mn
2+
4
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Leakeite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Magnesioriebeckite
◻[Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Fe
3+
2
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Magnesio-arfvedsonite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Nybøite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Riebeckite
◻[Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Ungarettiite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mn
2+
2
Mn
3+
3
][O
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferric-ferronybøite
[Na][Na
 
2
][(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferri-clinoferroholmquistite
◻[Li
 
2
][Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Ferric-nybøite
[Na][Na
 
2
][(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
Fe
3+
2
][(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Ferroleakeite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
Li]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Fluoro-ferroleakeite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
Li][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite
☐{Li
 
2
}{Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
2
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Fluoro-magnesio-arfvedsonite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(F,OH)
 
2
|[Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Sodic-ferripedrizite
[Na][Li
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Potassicleakeite
[K][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Fe
3+
2
Li]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Fluoronybøite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
Al
 
2
][(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
7
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Dellaventuraite
NaNa
 
2
(MgMn
3+
2
LiTi
4+
 
)Si
 
8
O
 
22
O
 
2
9.DE.25Fluoro-sodicpedrizite
[Na][Li
 
2
][Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
Li][(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Potassicarfvedsonite
[(K,Na)][Na
 
2
][Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Obertiite
[Na][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
3
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)
 
2
][O
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Fluoro-potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite
[(K,Na)][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
][(F,OH)
 
2
|[Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
9.DE.25Sodic-ferri-ferropedrizite
[Na][Li
 
2
][Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
Li]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite
[K][Na
 
2
][Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
 
]Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Sodicpedrizite
NaLi
 
2
(LiMg
 
2
Fe
3+
 
Al)(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Sodic-ferropedrizite
NaLi
 
2
(LiFe
2+
2
Al)Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Pedrizite
Li
 
2
(Li,Mg,Fe
2+
 
Al)
 
5
Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Ferropedrizite
NaLi
 
2
[Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
AlLi)Si
 
8
O
 
22
(OH)
 
2
9.DE.25Fluoro-aluminoleakeite
NaNa
 
2
(Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
Li)(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)F
 
2
9.DE.25Ferro-obertiite
NaNa
 
2
(Fe
2+
3
Fe
3+
 
Ti)Si
 
8
O
 
22
O
 
2

Other Names for Kornite

Synonyms:
IMA1992-032
Other Languages:
German:Kornit
Spanish:Kornita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Kornite

Reference List:

- +
Armbruster, T., Oberhänsli, R., Bermanec, V., and Dixon, R. (1993): Hennomartinite and kornite, two new Mn 3+ rich silicates from the Wessels mine, Kalahari, South Africa. Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen 73, 349-355.

Mineralogical Record: 29: 169-174.

American Mineralogist (1997): 82: 1026.

New Minerals (1997), New Minerals 1990-1994.

Hawthorne, Frank C., and Roberta Oberti (2006): On the classification of amphiboles: Canadian Mineralogist 44, 1-21.

Internet Links for Kornite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Kornite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Kornite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    India
     
    • Madhya Pradesh
      • Jhabua District
    		Am Min 90:2-3 pp304-309
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Kalahari manganese fields
        • Hotazel
    		Schweiz.Min.Petr.Mitt.(1993) 73, 349-355
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