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Krennerite

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Cresson Mine, Eclipse Gulch, Cripple Creek District, Teller Co., Colorado, USA
© Brent Thorne 2008

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Formula:
(Au,Ag)Te
 
2
System:OrthorhombicColour:Silver white
Hardness:2 - 3
Name:
In honor of the Hungarian mineralogist, Joseph A. Krenner (1839-1920).
Dimorph of:Calaverite
This page provides mineralogical data about Krennerite.

Classification of Krennerite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/D.16-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.EA.15

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
A : M:S = 1:2 - With Cu, Ag, Au
Dana 8th edition ID:2.12.13.1

2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
Hey's CIM Ref.:3.3.2

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
3 : Sulphides etc. of Au
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Type Occurrence of Krennerite

Type Locality:Sacarîmb (Sãcãrâmb; Szekerembe; Nagyág), Hunedoara Co., Romania
Year of Discovery:1877

Occurrences of Krennerite

Geological Setting:Hydrothermal veins with tellurium.

Physical Properties of Krennerite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Silver white
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 3
Hardness (Vickers):VHN100=166 - 186 kg/mm2
Cleavage:Perfect
on {001}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):8.62 g/cm3
Density (calculated):8.86 g/cm3

Crystallography of Krennerite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:Pma2
Cell Parameters:a = 16.58Å, b = 8.849Å, c = 4.464Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.874 : 1 : 0.504
Unit Cell Volume:V 654.94 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:8
Morphology:Crystals striated, short prismatic.
Crystal Atlas:
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Krennerite - Short prismatic [001]

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The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. You need Java to see these. You can download Java for free - click here to download Java

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Optical Data of Krennerite

Type:Anisotropic
Anisotropism:Strong to dark brown
Colour in reflected light:Creamy white
Pleochroism:Weak

Chemical Properties of Krennerite

Formula:
(Au,Ag)Te
 
2
Essential elements:Au, Te
All elements listed in formula:Ag, Au, Te
Common Impurities:Fe

Relationship of Krennerite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.EA.05Sylvanite
(Au,Ag)
 
2
Te
 
4
2.EA.10Calaverite
AuTe
 
2
2.EA.15Kostovite
CuAuTe
 
4
2.EA.20Berndtite
SnS
 
2
2.EA.20Kitkaite
NiTeSe
2.EA.20Melonite
NiTe
 
2
2.EA.20Merenskyite
(Pd,Pt)(Te,Bi)
 
2
2.EA.20Moncheite
(Pt,Pd)(Te,Bi)
 
2
2.EA.20Shuangfengite
IrTe
 
2
2.EA.20Sudovikovite
PtSe
 
2
2.EA.25Verbeekite
PdSe
 
2
2.EA.30Drysdallite
Mo(Se,S)
 
2
2.EA.30Jordisite
MoS
 
2
2.EA.30Molybdenite
MoS
 
2
2.EA.30Tungstenite
WS
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
3.3.1Calaverite
AuTe
 
2
3.3.3Kostovite
CuAuTe
 
4
3.3.4Uytenbogaardtite
Ag
 
3
AuS
 
2
3.3.5Fischesserite
Ag
 
3
AuSe
 
2
3.3.6Petrovskaite
AuAg(S,Se)
3.3.7Petzite
Ag
 
3
AuTe
 
2
3.3.8Muthmannite
AuAgTe
 
2
3.3.9Sylvanite
(Au,Ag)
 
2
Te
 
4
3.3.10Penzhinite
(Ag,Cu)
 
4
Au(S,Se)
 
4
3.3.11Bezsmertnovite
(Au,Ag)
 
4
Cu(Te,Pb)
3.3.12Bilibinskite
PbCuAu
 
3
Te
 
2
3.3.13Bogdanovite
(Au,Te,Pb)
 
3
(Cu,Fe)
3.3.14Montbrayite
(Au,Sb)
 
2
Te
 
3

Other Names for Krennerite

Synonyms:
Müllerine
Other Languages:
German:Krennerit
Bunsenin
Gelberz
Müllerin
Weißerz
Weißtellur
Russian:Креннерит
Simplified Chinese:斜方碲金矿
白碲金银矿
针碲金矿
Spanish:Krennerita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Krennerite

Reference List:

- +
Klaproth, M.H. (1802): Chemische Untersuchung der siebenbürgischen Golderze, C. Gelberz, Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, Dritter Band, Rottmann Berlin, 20-25

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 333-334.

Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen (1984): 33: 253-262.

Internet Links for Krennerite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Krennerite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Krennerite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Catamarca
      • Andalgalá Department
    		Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina. Vol. 1 (elements, sulphides and sulphosalts). (Asociacion Mineralogica Argentina); DE BRODTKORB, Milka K. Precious metaltellurides and other Te-bearing minerals in different paragenesis of Argentina: A review. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 365-372.
    PUTZ, Hubert; PAAR, Werner H and TOPA, Dan. A contributionto the knowledge of the mineralization at mina Capillitas, Catamarca. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 514-524.
    PUTZ, Hubert; PAAR, Werner H and TOPA, Dan. A contributionto the knowledge of the mineralization at mina Capillitas, Catamarca. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 514-524.
    • La Rioja
      • Sierra de Famatina
    		DE BRODTKORB, Milka K. Precious metaltellurides and other Te-bearing minerals in different paragenesis of Argentina: A review. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 365-372.
    • Salta
      • Organullo Mining District
    		Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina. Vol. 1 (elements, sulphides and sulphosalts). (Asociacion Mineralogica Argentina); DE BRODTKORB, Milka K. Precious metaltellurides and other Te-bearing minerals in different paragenesis of Argentina: A review. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 365-372.
    Australia
     
    • Western Australia
      • Goldfields-Esperance region
        • Kalgoorlie-Boulder City
          • Kalgoorlie
            • Golden Boulder mine
    		Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    Canadian Mineralogist (2003) 41, 1503-1524
    Canada
     
    • Ontario
      • Timiskaming District
        • Bannockburn Township
          • Matachewan
    		Econ.Geol.: 83; 395-404; D. C. Harris, W. D. Sinclair, and R. I. Thorpe (1983) Telluride minerals from the Ashley Deposit, Bannockburn Township, Ontario. Can Mineral 21: 137-143
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • La Vallée-de-l'Or RCM
          • Val d'Or
    		Sabina (2003) 177-178.
        • Rouyn-Noranda TE
    		Sabina (2003) 66.
    Am Min (1948) 31:515-526
    Chile
     
    • Coquimbo Region
      • Elqui Province
        • El Indio deposit
    		Llaumet C./Henríquez F. (1976); "Faja de mineralización de oro, plata, cobre y arsenico en la Cordillera Andina de la III y IV región"; Primero Congreso Geológico Chileno, Vol. II.
    China
     
    • Henan Province
      • Luoyang Prefecture
        • Song Co.
    		Jingwen Mao, Goldfarb, R.J., Zhengwei Zhang, Wenyi Xu, Yumin Qiu, and Jun Deng (2002): Mineralium Deposita 37(3/4), 306-325.
    • Shandong Province
      • Linyi Prefecture
        • Pingyi Co.
          • Tongshi complex
    		Changfu Chen, Yanbing Li, and Mingxia Jiang (1999): Geological Science and Technology Information 18(1), 60-66
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Liberec Region
        • Jablonec nad Nisou
          • Jílové u Držkova
    		Small and microscopical minerals, Gold Shaft, Jílové, ČGO
    Egypt
     
    • Red Sea Governorate
      • Eastern Desert
        • Qift (Kift; Coptos) area
    		Osman A. M., Pieczonka J., Piestrzyński A. 2002: Relationships between gold and tellurides in the El Sid gold deposit, Eastern Desert, Egypt. Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 33, no 2, 15-26
    Fiji
     
    • Viti Levu
      • Tavua Gold Field
        • Vatukoula
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Econ.Geol.: 83; 395-404; Econ Geol (1987) 82:345-370
    16th Australian Geological Convention, Adelaide,
    J.M. Boirat and J. Lum, Chron. Rech. Min., N° 486, 1987, pp 55-62, BRGM.
    Finland
     
    • Etelä-Suomen Lääni
      • Orivesi
    		Economic Geology (1996) 91:1335-1353
    Hungary
     
    • Heves Co.
      • Mátra Mts.
        • Parádfürdő
    		Szakáll & Jánosi : Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    India
     
    • Jharkhand
      • Singhbhum District
    		Econ.Geol.: 83; 395-404
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido
    		Mineralogical Journal Vol. 14 (1989) , No. 7 pp 299-302
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Shizuoka Prefecture
          • Shimoda City
            • Rendaiji
    		Int Geol Congr (2008) Oslo. MRD-09
      • Tohoku Region
        • Aomori Prefecture
          • Shimokita peninsula
            • Mutsu City
    		Aoki (1988) Sanko-Gakkai Kou'en-Youshi, 60.
    K Jouhou, #131 (15-4-2002)
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Akmola Province (Aqmola Oblysy; Akmolinskaya Oblast')
    		P.M. Kartashov analytical data
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Mexico
     
    • Sonora
      • Mun. de Moctezuma
    		Lapis 2001(1), 11-40
    New Zealand
     
    • North Island
      • Waikato
    		Steve Sorrell Collection
    Republic of Macedonia
     
    • Radovish
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    Romania
     
    • Alba Co.
      • Zlatna (Zalatna; Zalathna)
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    • Hunedoara Co.
      • Brad
    		Econ.Geol.: 83; 395-404
    Term.Füz.(1877) 1, 33-35
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Bodaibo
            • Lena Gold District
              • Kropotkinsky ore cluster
    		http://www.igem.ru/igem/chem/pt/sukhloge.htm
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Kamchatka Oblast'
    		V.A. Kovalenker, O.Yu. Plotinskaya (2005): Te and Se mineralogy of Ozernovskoe and Prasolovskoe epithermal gold deposits, Kuril – Kamchatka volcanic belt. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology 43, 118-123. [http://www.geology.bas.bg/mineralogy/gmp_files/gmp43/Kovalenker.pdf]
      • Sakhalinskaya Oblast'
        • Kuril Islands
          • Kunashir Island
    		Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast'
          • Rezh District
    		D. Krinov data
      • Southern Urals
        • Bashkortostan (Bashkiria) Republic
    		Vikent'ev, I.V., Moloshag, V.P. and Yudovskaya, M.A. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(2), 77-107.
    South Africa
     
    • Northwest Province
      • Western Bushveld Complex
        • Rustenburg District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		[MinRec 24:421]
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 269; Graeme, R. (1993), Bisbee revisited, Min.Rec.: 24: 421-436.
        • Tombstone Hills
          • Tombstone District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 269.
    • Colorado
      • Boulder Co.
        • Gold Hill District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Jamestown District
    		U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 223
    U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 223
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 223
        • Sugarloaf District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Ward District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Clear Creek Co.
        • Lamartine District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 223; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 319
      • Hinsdale Co.
        • Lake City District (Lake District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
          • Lake City
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; Econ Geol (1980) 75:963-991; Econ Geol (1985) 80:410-417
      • La Plata Co.
        • La Plata District (California District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Saguache Co.
        • Bonanza District (Kerber Creek District)
          • Bonanza
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • San Juan Co.
        • Eureka District
          • Gladstone
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Teller Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
          • Cripple Creek
    		John Betts specimen No. 20460
    No reference listed
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Collection of Barry Murphy, Micromount specimen catalogue number 00835
          • Eclipse Gulch
    		Min Rec 36:2 pp143-185
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Min Rec 36:2 pp143-185
    2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium abstracts
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Montana
      • Fergus Co.
        • Warm Springs District (Gilt Edge District; Gold Hill District; Maiden District)
          • Cone Butte Sub District
    		Econ Geol (1994) 89:602-627
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Whitehall District (Cardwell District)
    		Spry, P.G., Foster, F., Truckle, J.S., and Chadwick, T.H. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 59, 143-164.; Econ.Geol.: 83; 395-404; Econ Geol (1985) 80:1689-1706; Economic Geology,(1996) Vol. 91-3, pp.507-526
    • Nevada
      • Esmeralda Co.
        • Goldfield District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Paradise Peak District
    		Econ Geol (1994) 89:1228-1248
    A Listing of North Carolina Minerals- Leonard S. Wiener and Sigrid Ballew-1995
      • Montgomery Co.
        • Carolina Slate Belt
    		Callahan,J.E., J.R Craig, and T.N. Solberg,1995, Telluride mineralization of the southeastern United States, Southeastern Geology 35: 139- 151
    • South Carolina
      • Lancaster Co.
        • Kershaw
    		Bell.H and Larson,R.R.,1984,A new occurrence of telluride minerals in South Carolina:Southeastern Geology,v..24n.4,pg.189-194
    • Utah
      • Utah Co.
        • East Tintic Mts
          • East Tintic District
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    • Washington
      • Chelan Co.
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
        • Wenatchee District
          • Wenatchee
            • Squillchuck Creek
    		Lasmanis, R. (1995): Mineral News: A Compendium of Wenatchee District Mineralogy, Chelan County, Washington, p.6-7
      • Ferry Co.
        • Sheriden District
          • Bodie Mountain
    		Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; Derkey, Joseph, Lasmanis
    • Wisconsin
      • Taylor Co.
        • Gilman
    		R&M 73:11-12 pp 378-399 Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index; Institute on Lake Superior Geology Proceedings, 42nd Annual Meeting, Cable, WI, v. 42, part 2, 179 p.
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