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Laurelite

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Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver and Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA
© Peter Haas

Show Laurelite Photos (10)



Formula:
Pb
 
7
F
 
12
Cl
 
2
System:HexagonalColour:Colourless
Hardness:2
This page provides mineralogical data about Laurelite.

Classification of Laurelite

IMA status:Approved 1988
Strunz 8th edition ID:3/A.08-50
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:3.DC.20

3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu
Dana 8th edition ID:9.2.10.1

9 : NORMAL HALIDES
2 : AX2
Hey's CIM Ref.:8.8.3

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
8 : Halides of Pb
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Type Occurrence of Laurelite

Type Locality:Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver and Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA
Year of Discovery:1988

Physical Properties of Laurelite

Lustre:Silky
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Colourless
Streak:white
Hardness (Mohs):2
Cleavage:Imperfect/Fair
{0001}imperfect
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):7.65(5) g/cm3
Density (calculated):7.77 g/cm3
Comment:calculated from formula and structure in Merlino et al. (1996)

Crystallography of Laurelite

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Class (H-M):6 - Trigonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:P6
Cell Parameters:a = 10.267(1) Å, c = 3.9844(4) Å
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 120°
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 0.388
Unit Cell Volume:V 363.73 ų
Z:1
Morphology:Felted aggregates of acicular prisms

Optical Data of Laurelite

Type:Uniaxial (+)
RI values: nω = 1.903 nε = 1.946
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.043

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High

Chemical Properties of Laurelite

Formula:
Pb
 
7
F
 
12
Cl
 
2
Essential elements:Cl, F, Pb
All elements listed in formula:Cl, F, Pb
Empirical Formula:
Pb
 
0.97
F
 
1.68
Cl
 
0.25
(H
 
2
O)
 
0.07
 (Merlino et al, 1996)

Relationship of Laurelite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
3.DC.05Laurionite
PbCl(OH)
3.DC.05Paralaurionite
PbCl(OH)
3.DC.10Fiedlerite
Pb
 
3
FCl
 
4
(OH) · H
 
2
O
3.DC.15Penfieldite
Pb
 
2
Cl
 
3
(OH)
3.DC.25Bismoclite
(BiO)Cl
3.DC.25Daubréeite
(BiO)(OH,Cl)
3.DC.25Matlockite
PbFCl
3.DC.25Rorisite
CaFCl
3.DC.25Zavaritskite
(BiO)F
3.DC.25Zhangpeishanite
BaFCl
3.DC.30Nadorite
PbSbClO
 
2
3.DC.30Perite
PbBiClO
 
2
3.DC.35Aravaipaite
Pb
 
3
F
 
3
[AlF
 
6
] · H
 
2
O
3.DC.37Calcioaravaipaite
PbCa
 
2
(F,OH)
 
3
[AlF
 
6
] · H
 
2
O
3.DC.40Thorikosite
Pb
 
3
Cl
 
2
(OH)(SbO
 
3
,AsO
 
3
)
3.DC.45Mereheadite
Pb
 
47
Cl
 
25
(OH)
 
13
O
 
24
(CO
 
3
)(BO
 
3
)
 
2
3.DC.50Blixite
Pb
 
2
(O,OH)
 
2
Cl
3.DC.55Pinalite
Pb
 
3
WO
 
5
Cl
 
2
3.DC.60Symesite
Pb
 
10
Cl
 
4
O
 
7
(SO
 
4
) · H
 
2
O
3.DC.65Ecdemite
Pb
 
6
Cl
 
4
(As
 
2
O
 
7
)
3.DC.65Heliophyllite
Pb
 
6
Cl
 
4
(As
 
2
O
 
7
)
3.DC.70Mendipite
Pb
 
3
Cl
 
2
O
 
2
3.DC.75Damaraite
Pb
 
3
Cl(OH)O
 
2
3.DC.80Onoratoite
Sb
 
8
Cl
 
2
O
 
11
3.DC.85Cotunnite
PbCl
 
2
3.DC.90Pseudocotunnite
K
 
2
PbCl
 
4
3.DC.95Barstowite
Pb
 
4
Cl
 
6
(CO
 
3
) · H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
8.8.1Abhurite
Sn
 
21
Cl
 
16
(OH)
 
14
O
 
6
8.8.2Matlockite
PbFCl
8.8.4Cotunnite
PbCl
 
2
8.8.5Mendipite
Pb
 
3
Cl
 
2
O
 
2
8.8.6Damaraite
Pb
 
3
Cl(OH)O
 
2
8.8.7Laurionite
PbCl(OH)
8.8.8Paralaurionite
PbCl(OH)
8.8.9Penfieldite
Pb
 
2
Cl
 
3
(OH)
8.8.10Fiedlerite
Pb
 
3
FCl
 
4
(OH) · H
 
2
O
8.8.11Blixite
Pb
 
2
(O,OH)
 
2
Cl
8.8.12Pseudocotunnite
K
 
2
PbCl
 
4
8.8.13Diaboleite
Pb
 
2
CuCl
 
2
(OH)
 
4
8.8.14Pseudoboleite
Pb
 
31
Cu
 
24
Cl
 
62
(OH)
 
48
8.8.15Chloroxiphite
Pb
 
3
CuO
 
2
Cl
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.8.17Bideauxite
Pb
 
2
AgCl
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
8.8.18Boleite
KPb
 
26
Ag
 
9
Cu
 
24
(OH)
 
48
Cl
 
62
8.8.19Aravaipaite
Pb
 
3
F
 
3
[AlF
 
6
] · H
 
2
O
8.8.20Yedlinite
Pb
 
6
Cr
3+
 
Cl
 
6
(O,OH,H
 
2
O)
 
8
8.8.21Kolarite
PbTeCl
 
2
8.8.22Hematophanite
Pb
 
4
Fe
 
3
O
 
8
(OH,Cl)

Other Names for Laurelite

Synonyms:
IMA1988-020a
Other Languages:
German:Laurelit
Russian:Лорелит
Spanish:Laurelita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Laurelite

Reference List:

- +
Kampf, A.R., et al (1989), Grandreefite, pseudograndreefite, laurelite, and aravaipaite: Four new minerals from the Grandreef mine, Graham Co., AZ, American Mineralogist: 74: 927-933.

Merlino S., Pasero M., Perchiazzi N., Kampf A.R.(1996): Laurelite: its atomic structure and relationship to a-PbF2. American Mineralogist: 81: 1277-1281.

Internet Links for Laurelite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Laurelite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Laurelite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Megala Pefka area
            • Megala Pefka Mines
    		Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999)
    Italy
     
    • Veneto
      • Vicenza Province
        • Torrebelvicino
          • Mercanti Valley
    		Zordan, A., Rocchetti, I., Gentile, P., Boscardin, M., Zorzi, F. (2011): Laurelit vom Monte Trisa, Valle dei Mercanti, Veneto, Italien. Mineralien Welt, 22(3), 58-60.
    Zordan, A., Rocchetti, I., Gentile, P., Boscardin, M., Zorzi, F. (2011): Laurelit vom Monte Trisa, Valle dei Mercanti, Veneto, Italien. Mineralien Welt, 22(3), 58-60.
    "Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)"
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Graham Co.
        • Aravaipa District
          • Santa Teresa Mts
            • Klondyke
              • Grand Reef Mountain
                • Laurel Canyon
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 118, 272; Kampf, A.R., et al (1989), Grandreefite, pseudograndreefite, laurelite, and aravaipaite: Four new minerals from the Grandreef mine, Graham Co., AZ, Am.Min.: 74: 927-933; Min.Rec.: 27: 297.
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2012. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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