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Ankangite

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Vuonnemiok River Valley, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
© 2007, JGW

Formula:
Ba(Ti,V
3+
 
,Cr)
 
8
O
 
16
System:TetragonalColour:Black
Hardness:6½
Name:For the type locality.


Cryptomelane Group.

Classification of Ankangite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/D.08-35
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.DK.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
K : With large (+- medium-sized) cations; tunnel structures
Dana 8th edition ID:7.9.4.2

7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
9 : AB8X16
Hey's CIM Ref.:7.9.29

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
9 : Oxides of Ti
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Type Occurrence of Ankangite

Type Locality:Shiti Ba deposit, Hanbin District, Ankang Prefecture, Shaanxi Province, China
General Appearance of Type Material:Euhedral to subhedral, prismatic crystals to 1 mm
Year of Discovery:1989
Geological Setting of type material:Quartz vein
Associated Minerals at type locality:
RoscoeliteDiopsideBarytocalciteBaryte

Physical Properties of Ankangite

Lustre:Adamantine, Vitreous
Colour:Black
Streak:Greyish black
Hardness (Mohs):6½
Hardness (Vickers):VHN50=874 kg/mm2
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:None Observed
Interrupts perpendicular to the elongation, possibly a parting
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):4.44 g/cm3
Density (calculated):4.389 g/cm3

Crystallography of Ankangite

Crystal System:Tetragonal
Class (H-M):4/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:I4/m
Cell Parameters:a = 10.139Å, c = 2.961Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 0.292
Unit Cell Volume:V 304.39 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:1
Morphology:Prismatic crystals with {100} and {110}
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
3.202 (10)
2.476 (7)
1.589 (7)
3.580 (5)
2.233 (5)
1.892 (5)
Comments:Material from the type locality

Optical Data of Ankangite

Type:Uniaxial
Type:Anisotropic
Anisotropism:Distinct
Bireflectance:Weak to distinct
Colour in reflected light:Light rose-reddish grey
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:O = pinkish grey, E = light pink, Orientation: E = c

Chemical Properties of Ankangite

Formula:
Ba(Ti,V
3+
 
,Cr)
 
8
O
 
16
Essential elements:Ba, O, Ti
All elements listed in formula:Ba, Cr, O, Ti, V
Analyical Data:Electron microprobe data of material from the type locality; presence of V3+ confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
TiO2 (54.09)
V2O3 (22.32)
Cr2O3 (2.08)
BaO (20.59)

sum 99.08 wt.-%
Empirical Formula:
Ba
 
1.09
(Ti
 
5.48
V
 
2.41
Cr
 
0.22
)
 
08.11
O
 
16

Relationship of Ankangite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
4.DK.05Akaganeite
β-Fe
3+
 
O(OH,Cl)
4.DK.05Coronadite
Pb(Mn,Mn)
 
8
O
 
16
4.DK.05Hollandite
Ba(Mn
4+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
8
O
 
16
4.DK.05Manjiroite
(Na,K)Mn
 
8
O
 
16
·nH
 
2
O
4.DK.05Mannardite
Ba
 
x
Ti
 
8-2x
V
 
2x
O
 
16
·2-xH
 
2
O
4.DK.05Priderite
(K,Ba)(Ti,Fe)
 
8
O
 
16
4.DK.05Redledgeite
Ba
 
x
([Cr,Fe,V]
3+
2x
Ti
 
8-2x
)O
 
16
4.DK.05Henrymeyerite
BaFe
2+
 
Ti
 
7
O
 
16
4.DK.10Cryptomelane
K(Mn
4+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
8
O
 
16
4.DK.10Romanèchite
(Ba,H
 
2
O)
 
2
Mn
 
5
O
 
10
4.DK.10Todorokite
(Mn,Mg,Ca,Ba,K,Na)
 
2
Mn
 
3
O
 
12
·3H
 
2
O
4.DK.10Strontiomelane
SrMn
4+
6
Mn
3+
2
O
 
16
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
7.9.1Hongquiite
TiO
7.9.2Rutile
TiO
 
2
7.9.3Anatase
TiO
 
2
7.9.4Brookite
TiO
 
2
7.9.5Geikielite
MgTiO
 
3
7.9.6Perovskite
CaTiO
 
3
7.9.7Kassite
CaTi
 
2
O
 
4
(OH)
 
2
7.9.8Tausonite
SrTiO
 
3
7.9.9Crichtonite
(Sr,La,Ce,Y)(Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Mn)
 
21
O
 
38
7.9.10Lucasite-(Ce)
CeTi
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
7.9.11Hibonite
(Ca,Ce)(Al,Fe,Ti,Si,Mg)
 
12
O
 
19
7.9.12Yttrocrasite-(Y)
(Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
7.9.13Pyrophanite
Mn
2+
 
TiO
 
3
7.9.14Iwakiite
Mn(Fe,Mn)
 
2
O
 
4
7.9.15Ilmenite
Fe
2+
 
TiO
 
3
7.9.16Pseudobrookite
Fe
 
2
TiO
 
5
7.9.17Ulvöspinel
Fe
 
2
TiO
 
4
7.9.18Pseudorutile
Fe
 
2
Ti
 
3
O
 
9
7.9.19Freudenbergite
Na
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
8
O
 
16
7.9.20 Kennedyite
MgFeTi
 
3
O
 
10
7.9.21Armalcolite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)Ti
 
2
O
 
5
7.9.22Högbomite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Al,Ti)
 
5
O
 
10
7.9.23Qandilite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Ti,Fe,Al)O
 
4
7.9.24Cafetite
(Ca,Mg)(Fe,Al)
 
2
Ti
 
4
O
 
12
·4H
 
2
O
7.9.25Loveringite
(Ca,Ce)(Ti,Fe,Cr,Mg)
 
21
O
 
38
7.9.26Lindsleyite
(Ba,Sr)(Ti,Zr,Fe,Cr)
 
21
O
 
38
7.9.27Priderite
(K,Ba)(Ti,Fe)
 
8
O
 
16
7.9.28Jeppeite
(K,Ba)
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
6
O
 
13
7.9.30Ecandrewsite
(Zn,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)TiO
 
3
7.9.31Landauite
NaMnZn
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
6
Ti
 
12
O
 
38

Other Names for Ankangite

Synonyms:
IMA1986-026
German names:
Ankangit
Russian names:
Анкангит
Spanish names:
Ankangita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Ankangite

Reference List:Xiong Ming, Ma Zhesheng, and Peng Zhizhong (1988): A new mineral - Ankangite. Chinese Science Bulletin [Kexue Tongbao] 33(18), 1401-1404 (in Chinese). - American Mineralogist (1991), 76, 2020 (abstract).

Xiong Ming, Ma Zhesheng, and Peng Zhizhong (1989): A new mineral - ankangite. Chinese Science Bulletin [Kexue Tongbao] 34(7), 592-596 (in Chinese). - American Mineralogist (1992), 77, 1119 (abstract).

Wu, X. J., Li, F. H. and Hashimoto, H. (1990): Electron microscope study of the incommensurately modulated structure of ankangite. Acta Crystallographica 46, 111-117.

Nicheng, S., Zhesheng, M. and Wei, L. (1991): Crystal structure determination of ankangite with one-dimensional incommensurate modulation. Acta Petrolog. Mineral. 10(8), 233-245 (in Chinese with English abstract). - American Mineralogist (1992), 77, 1119 (abstract).

Anthony, J. W., et al. (1997): Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. 3, 15.

Internet Links for Ankangite

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    Localities for Ankangite

    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    China
     
    • Shaanxi Province
      • Ankang Prefecture
        • Hanbin District
    		Am Min 76 (1991), 2020
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Khibiny Massif
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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