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Leucophoenicite

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Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA

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Formula:
Mn
2+
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
System:MonoclinicHardness:5½ - 6
Member of:Humite Group
Name:From the Greek for "pale" and "purplish red" in allusion to its common color.
This page provides mineralogical data about Leucophoenicite.

Classification of Leucophoenicite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/B.04-90
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.AF.60

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:52.3.2c.2

52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
3 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] coordination only
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.17.6

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
17 : Silicates of Mn
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Type Occurrence of Leucophoenicite

Co-type Localities:Buckwheat Pit (Southwest Opening; Buckwheat Mine), Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA
Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA
Year of Discovery:1899

Physical Properties of Leucophoenicite

Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6

Crystallography of Leucophoenicite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 10.84Å, b = 4.82Å, c = 11.32Å
β = 103.93°
Ratio:a:b:c = 2.249 : 1 : 2.349
Unit Cell Volume:V 574.06 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Leucophoenicite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.751 nβ = 1.771 nγ = 1.782
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.031

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r < v marked

Chemical Properties of Leucophoenicite

Formula:
Mn
2+
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Essential elements:H, Mn, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:H, Mn, O, Si
Common Impurities:Fe,Mg,Zn,Ca,Na,K,H2O

Relationship of Leucophoenicite to other Species

Member of:Humite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Alleghanyite
Mn
2+
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Chegemite
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
Hydroxylchondrodite
Mg
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Hydroxylclinohumite
Mg
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
Jerrygibbsite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
Kumtyubeite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
F
 
2
Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Norbergite
Mg
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
Reinhardbraunsite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
Ribbeite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Sonolite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
F
 
2
Unnamed (F-analogue of Chegemite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.AF.05Sillimanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.10Andalusite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.10Kanonaite
Mn
3+
 
Al(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.15Kyanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.20Mullite
Al
 
4+2x
Si
 
2-2x
O
 
10-x
9.AF.20Krieselite
(Al,Ga)
 
2
(GeO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
9.AF.23Boromullite
Al
 
9
BSi
 
2
O
 
19
9.AF.25Yoderite
Mg(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
O(OH)
9.AF.30Magnesiostaurolite
(Mg,Li,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.30Staurolite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Zn)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH,O)
 
2
9.AF.30Zincostaurolite
(Zn,Li,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.35Topaz
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.40Norbergite
Mg
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Alleghanyite
Mn
2+
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Reinhardbraunsite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.45Kumtyubeite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
F
 
2
9.AF.45Hydroxylchondrodite
Mg
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
F
 
2
9.AF.55Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.55Sonolite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.55Hydroxylclinohumite
Mg
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.65Ribbeite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.70Jerrygibbsite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.75Franciscanite
Mn
2+
6
(V
5+
 
,☐)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
9.AF.75Örebroite
Mn
2+
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Sb
5+
 
)(SiO
 
4
)(O,OH)
 
3
9.AF.75Welinite
Mn
2+
6
(W
6+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
9.AF.80Ellenbergerite
Mg
 
6
(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)
 
2
(Al,Mg)
 
6
Si
 
8
O
 
28
(OH)
 
10
9.AF.85Chloritoid
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.85Magnesiochloritoid
MgAl
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.85Ottrélite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.90Poldervaartite
CaCa(HSiO
 
4
)(OH)
9.AF.90Olmiite
CaMn
2+
 
(HSiO
 
4
)(OH)
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
14.17.1Rhodonite
MnSiO
 
3
14.17.2Tephroite
Mn
2+
2
SiO
 
4
14.17.3Braunite
Mn
2+
 
Mn
3+
6
(SiO
 
4
)O
 
8
14.17.4Alleghanyite
Mn
2+
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
14.17.5Ribbeite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
14.17.7Jerrygibbsite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
14.17.8Bementite
Mn
 
5
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
6
14.17.9Parsettensite
K
 
1.2
Mn
 
8
(Si,Al)
 
12
O
 
26
(OH)
 
10
14.17.10Yofortierite
Mn
 
5
Si
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
2
 · 8-9H
 
2
O

Other Names for Leucophoenicite

Other Languages:
German:Leucophoenicit
Leukophoenicit
Leukophönizit
Russian:Лейкофеницит
Spanish:Leucophoenicita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Leucophoenicite

Reference List:

- +
Dana, E.S. and W.E. Ford (1909) Dana's system of mineralogy, (6th edition),
app. II, 63.

Palache, C. (1935) The Minerals of Franklin and Sterling Hill, Sussex County, New Jersey. U.S. Geol. Sur. Professional Paper 180, 103-105.

Moore, P.B. (1970) Edge-sharing silicate tetrahedra in the crystal structure of leucophoenicite. American Mineralogist, 55, 1146-1166.

Dunn, P.J., et al (1984): American Mineralogist: 69: 549.

American Mineralogist (1986): 71: 985.

Dunn, P.J., C.A. Francis, and J. Innes (1988) A mcgovernite-like mineral and leucophoenicite from the Kombat mine, Namibia. American Mineralogist, 73, 1182-1185.

Dunn, P.J.(1995): Franklin and Sterling Hill New Jersey: the world's most magnificent mineral deposits, Part3: 352-356.

Internet Links for Leucophoenicite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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  • Leucophoenicite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Leucophoenicite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Italy
     
    • Aosta Valley
      • Valtournanche Valley
        • Valtournanche
          • Breuil-Cervinia
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kinki region
        • Shiga prefecture
          • Tsuchiyama
    		Hiromi Yamasaki specimen
    Namibia
     
    • Otjozondjupa Region
      • Grootfontein District
        • Kombat
    		Dunn, P.J., Francis, C.A., and Innes, J. (1988) A mcgovernite-like mineral and leucophoenicite from the Kombat mine, Namibia. American Mineralogist: 73: 1182-1185; Mineralogical Record: 22: 421.
    Romania
     
    • Maramures Co.
    		http://minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Kalahari manganese fields
        • Hotazel
    		[Von Bezing, K. L. et al. (1991) - The Kalahari manganese field : an update, Mineralogical Record, 22 (3), 279-302]
        • Kuruman
          • N'Chwaning Mines
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		K:Gatedal
        • Persberg district
          • Pajsberg
    		Nysten, P. (2004): Harstigen ett mineralogisk eldorado i Bergslagen. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 28: 5-13
    USA
     
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Palache(1935):104.
    Palache(1935):104; Dunn, P.J., et al: Am.Min.:69:546-552 (1984); Dunn(1995):Pt3:352-356.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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