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Liebigite

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Rabejac, Lodève, Hérault, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
© Elmar Lackner

Show Liebigite Photos (11)
Formula:
Ca
 
2
(UO
 
2
)[CO
 
3
]
 
3
 · 11H
 
2
O
System:OrthorhombicColour:Green to yellowish-green
Lustre:Vitreous, PearlyHardness:2½ - 3
Name:For German chemist Justus von Liebig (1803-1873), founder of analytical chemistry.


A secondary uranium mineral.

Classification of Liebigite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:5/F.02-70
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:5.ED.20

5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
E : Uranyl Carbonates
D : UO2:CO3 = 1:3
Dana 8th edition ID:15.3.2.1

15 : HYDRATED NORMAL CARBONATES
3 : AmBn(XO3)p·xH2O, with (m+n):p = 1:1
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Type Occurrence of Liebigite

Type Locality:Adrianople, Edirne Province, Marmara Region, Turkey
Year of Discovery:1848

Physical Properties of Liebigite

Lustre:Vitreous, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Green to yellowish-green
Hardness (Mohs):2½ - 3
Cleavage:Imperfect/Fair
On {100}.
Density (measured):2.41 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.43 g/cm3

Crystallography of Liebigite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 16.7Å, b = 17.51Å, c = 13.74Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.954 : 1 : 0.785
Unit Cell Volume:V 4,017.81 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals equant or short prismatic [001], normally indistinct with rounded edges and convex or vicinal faces. Commonly granular or scaly aggregates and thin crusts; botryoidal.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Liebigite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.497 nβ = 1.502 nγ = 1.539
2V:Measured: 40°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.042

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:relatively weak
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X = Nearly colourless
Y = Light yellowish green
Z = Light yellowish green

Chemical Properties of Liebigite

Formula:
Ca
 
2
(UO
 
2
)[CO
 
3
]
 
3
 · 11H
 
2
O
Essential elements:C, Ca, H, O, U
All elements listed in formula:C, Ca, H, O, U

Relationship of Liebigite to other Species

Common Associates:
Schröckingerite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
5.ED.05Bayleyite
Mg
 
2
(UO
 
2
)[CO
 
3
]
 
3
 · 18H
 
2
O
5.ED.10Swartzite
MgCa(UO
 
2
)[CO
 
3
]
 
3
 · 12H
 
2
O
5.ED.15Albrechtschraufite
Ca
 
4
Mg(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[F
 
2
|(CO
 
3
)
 
6
] · 17 H
 
2
O
5.ED.25Rabbittite
Ca
 
3
Mg
 
3
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|(CO
 
3
)
 
6
] · 18H
 
2
O
5.ED.30Andersonite
Na
 
2
Ca(UO
 
2
)[CO
 
3
]
 
3
 · 6H
 
2
O
5.ED.35Grimselite
K
 
3
Na(UO
 
2
)[CO
 
3
]
 
3
 · H
 
2
O
5.ED.40Widenmannite
Pb
 
2
(UO
 
2
)[CO
 
3
]
 
3
5.ED.45Znucalite
Zn
 
12
Ca(UO
 
2
)[(OH)
 
22
|(CO
 
3
)
 
3
] · 4H
 
2
O
5.ED.50Čejkaite
Na
 
4
(UO
 
2
)(CO
 
3
)
 
3

Other Names for Liebigite

Synonyms:
FlutheriteHebergiteMedjiditeUranothallite
Other Languages:
German:Flutherit
Hebergit
Kalk-Uran-carbonate
Liebigit
Uranothallit
Russian:Либигит
Spanish:Flutherita
Hebergita
Liebigita
Uranothallita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:Green fluorescence (LW & SWUV).
Other Information:Soluble in H2SO4 with effervescence.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Liebigite

Reference List:Smith (1848) American Journal of Science: 5: 336.

Smith (1851) American Journal of Science: 11: 259.

Vogl (1853) Jahrbuch Geol. Reichsanst., Vienna: 4: 221 (as Kalk-Uran-carbonate).

Lindacker analysis in: Vogl (1856) Gangverh. Mineralreich. Joachimsthal, Teplitz.

Weisbach, Albin (1875) Synopsis mineralogical, systematische Übersicht des Mineralreiches. 78 pp., Freiberg: 48 (as Flutherite).

Schrauf (1882) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 6: 410 (as Uranothallite).

Brezina (1890) Annalen des kaiserlich-königlichen naturhistorischen Hofmuseums Wien: 5: 495.

Esper S. Larsen (1917) The probable identity of uranothallite and liebigite. American Mineralogist, 2, #7, 87.

Meixner (1940) Zentralblatt Mineralien: 145.

Evans and Frondel (1950) American Mineralogist: 35: 251.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 240-241.

Mereiter, K. (1982a) The crystal structure of liebigite, Ca2UO2(CO3)3·11H2O. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen (1982): 30: 277-288.

Burns, P.C. (2005) U 6+ minerals and inorganic compounds: insights into an expanded structural hierarchy of crystal structures. Canadian Mineralogist: 43: 1839-1894.

Articles/Blogs about Liebigite

Internet Links for Liebigite

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    Localities for Liebigite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Lyndhurst
            • Nichol Nob
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Malta valley
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Gastein valley
          • Anlauf valley
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
          • Bad Gastein
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
          • Siglitz - Bockhart area
            • Siglitz - Bockhart gold mining District
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
    Canada
     
    • Northwest Territories
      • Mackenzie District
        • Great Bear Lake
    		[MinRec 1989]
    China
     
    • Shaanxi Province
      • Xi'an Prefecture
        • Lantian Co.
    		Zhang Jianguo, Chen Shaoqing, Rao Sun and Qi Jing (2004). In: IAEA Technical Document 1419.; Zhang Jianguo, Chen Shaoqing, Rao Sun and Qi Jing (2004). In: IAEA Technical Document 1419.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
    		Pauliš P., Kopecký S., Černý P. 2007: Uranové minerály České Republiky a jejich naleziště. 1. část. (Kutna Hora, issue 1)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
    		Pauliš P., Kopecký S., Černý P. 2007: Uranové minerály České Republiky a jejich naleziště. 1. část. (Kutna Hora, issue 1)
    Plašil J, Sejkora J, Ondruš P, Veselovský F, Beran P, Goliáš V (2006): Supergene minerals in the Horní Slavkov uranium ore district, Czech Republic. Journal of the Czech Geological Society 51, 149-158.
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Ostrov
            • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 237.
    Lapis 2002(7/8), 58
      • Liberec Region
        • Harrachov (Harrachsdorf)
    		Bradna, J., Šita, F.: Nálezy minerál na Rýžovišti u Harrachova. Opera Corcontica, 1968, 5, s. 246-247.
      • Plzeň Region
        • Klatovy (Klattau)
    		Pauliš P., Kopecký S., Černý P. 2007: Uranové minerály České Republiky a jejich naleziště. 1. část. (Kutna Hora, issue 1)
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Dubí
    		Sejkora, J.: Minerály ložiska Moldava v Krušných horách. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 110-116.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Olomouc Region
        • Javorník
    		Sejkora, J., Pauliš, P., Škoda, R.: Uranové ložisko Zálesí v Rychlebských horách. Minerál, 2007, roč. 15, č. 4, s. 305-238.
      • Vysočina Region
        • Nové Město na Moravě
    		Pauliš P., Kopecký S., Černý P. 2007: Uranové minerály České Republiky a jejich naleziště. 1. část. (Kutna Hora, issue 1)
    Pauliš P., Kopecký S., Černý P. 2007: Uranové minerály České Republiky a jejich naleziště. 1. část. (Kutna Hora, issue 1)
    Pauliš P., Kopecký S., Černý P. 2007: Uranové minerály České Republiky a jejich naleziště. 1. část. (Kutna Hora, issue 1)
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Katanga Copper Crescent
        • Central area
          • Shinkolobwe
    France
     
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Hérault
    		Le Règne Minéral, Hors Série IV, 1998
        • Lodève
    		[Le Règne Minéral 1997, 13, p.5-18]
      • Lozère
        • Marvejols
          • St Léger-de-Peyre
    		Le Règne Minéral, Hors Série IV, 1998
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Baden-Baden
          • Müllenbach U deposit
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Spessart Mts
          • Hösbach
            • Sailauf
              • Hartkoppe Mt.
    		No reference listed
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Bavarian Forest
          • Miltach
            • Altrandsberg
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Mähring
            • Uranium deposit
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    • Saxony-Anhalt
      • Mansfeld Basin
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 241.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 241.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 241.
        • Schneeberg District
    		Lapis 30(7/8):41-70 (2005)
          • Neustädtel
            • Weißer Hirsch Mine (Shaft 3)
    		Lapis 30(7/8):41-70 (2005)
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
        • Ronneburg U deposit
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    Hungary
     
    • Baranya Co.
      • Mecsek Mts.
    		Szakáll & Jánosi: minerals of hungary, 1995
    Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    Italy
     
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Daone
          • Limes
    		Campostrini, I., Demartin, F., Gramaccioli, C.M. (2005): Val Daone. Minerali secondari del giacimento uranifero presso Limes, Daone (TN). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/2005, 228-240.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Gifu Prefecture
          • Toki city
            • Tsukiyoshi ore deposits
    		Matsubara (1976) Bulletin of the National Science Museum, 2, 111-114
      • Chugoku Region
        • Tottori Prefecture
    		K. Watanabe (1976) Journal of the Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 11, 53-113 (in japanese with english summary)
          • Tohgoh-cho
    		S. Matsubara & R. Miyawaki (2006) Catalogue of Japanese Minerals.
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Krødsherad
        • Krøderen Lake
    		Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68, p. 103).
    Sweden
     
    • Jämtland
    		No reference listed
    • Västmanland
      • Lindesberg
    		No reference listed
    Turkey
     
    • Marmara Region
      • Edirne Province
    		Smith, J.L. (1848) American Journal of Science: 5: 336; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 241..
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Camborne - Redruth - St Day District
          • Illogan
            • Carnkie
              • Basset Mines
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 241.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Apache & Navajo Cos.
        • Colorado Plateau
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 277.
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Date Creek Mts
          • Martinez District
            • Congress
    		MRDS database Dep. ID #10027544, MRDS ID #M003323.
    • Colorado
      • Eagle Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997)
    Minerals of Colorado (1997)
        • Vail Pass
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Garfield Co.
        • East Rifle Creek area
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Ralston Buttes District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Moffat Co.
        • Maybell District
          • Maybell Mines
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Saguache Co.
        • Marshall Pass District
    		http://www.minsocam.org/msa/AmMin/TOC/Articles_Free/2004/Catalano_p1004-1021_04.pdf
    • New Mexico
      • McKinley Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
          • Ambrosia Lake area
    		NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
      • Sandoval Co.
        • Nacimiento Mountains District
    		NMBMMR Memoir 38 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region 1979
    Leonard S.Wiener and Sigrid Ballew,1995, Updated by Kenny Gay,2006, A Listing Of North Carolina Minerals,Geologic Note No.4
    • Pennsylvania
      • Carbon Co.
    		Lapham & Geyer, 1965. Mineral Collecting in Pennsylvania
    • Utah
      • Grand Co.
        • Thompsons District (S. E. Thomsons)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • San Juan Co.
        • Big Indian District (Big Indian Wash - Lisbon Valley Area)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • White Canyon District
          • White Canyon
    • Washington
      • Stevens Co.
        • Deer Trail District
          • Turtle Lake
    		Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.53
    • Wyoming
      • Campbell Co.
        • Pumpkin Buttes District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Carbon Co.
        • Baggs-Poison Basin District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Converse Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals 76:385
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Fremont Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals 76:386
    Rocks & Minerals 76:386
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Am Min 51:1567-1578
      • Natrona Co.
        • Gas Hills District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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