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Lillianite

Formula:
Pb
 
3
Bi
 
2
S
 
6
System:OrthorhombicColour:Steel grey
Lustre:MetallicHardness:2 - 3
Name:From the supposed occurrence in the Lillian Mine, Printerboy Hill, Leadville, Colorado, USA


Gustavite-Lillianite Series.

Classification of Lillianite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/E.31-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.JB.40

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb
Dana 7th edition ID:3.4.15.1
Dana 8th edition ID:3.4.15.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3
Hey's CIM Ref.:5.6.26

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone
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Type Occurrence of Lillianite

Type Locality:Lillian Mines, Printer Boy Hill, Leadville, Leadville District, Lake Co., Colorado, USA
Year of Discovery:1889

Physical Properties of Lillianite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Steel grey
Streak:Black
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 3
Hardness Data:Measured
Cleavage:Very Good
{100} very good, {010} less so, probably also {001}.
Density (measured):7 - 7.2 g/cm3

Crystallography of Lillianite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 13.52Å, b = 20.6Å, c = 4.11Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.656 : 1 : 0.2
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,144.68 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Rare, prismatic [001]. Usually massive granular; also radiating fibrous [001].

Optical Data of Lillianite

Type:Anisotropic
Anisotropism:Distinct
Colour in reflected light:White
Pleochroism:Weak

Chemical Properties of Lillianite

Formula:
Pb
 
3
Bi
 
2
S
 
6
Essential elements:Bi, Pb, S
All elements listed in formula:Bi, Pb, S
Common Impurities:Ag,Cu,Sb

Relationship of Lillianite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Gustavite (see here)
Related to:
  • Ramdohrite-Lillianite Group
  • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
    2.JB.05Diaphorite
    Ag
     
    3
    Pb
     
    2
    Sb
     
    3
    S
     
    8
    2.JB.10Cosalite
    Pb
     
    2
    Bi
     
    2
    S
     
    5
    2.JB.15Freieslebenite
    AgPbSbS
     
    3
    2.JB.15Marrite
    AgPbAsS
     
    3
    2.JB.20Cannizzarite
    Pb
     
    4
    Bi
     
    6
    S
     
    13
    2.JB.20Wittite
    Pb
     
    9
    Bi
     
    12
    (S,Se)
     
    27
    2.JB.25Junoite
    Cu
     
    2
    Pb
     
    3
    Bi
     
    8
    (S,Se)
     
    16
    2.JB.25Nordströmite
    CuPb
     
    3
    Bi
     
    7
    (Se
     
    4
    S
     
    10
    )
    2.JB.25Proudite
    CuPb
     
    7.5
    Bi
     
    9.33
    (S,Se)
     
    22
    2.JB.25Felbertalite
    Cu
     
    2
    Pb
     
    6
    Bi
     
    8
    S
     
    19
    2.JB.30Geocronite
    Pb
     
    14
    (Sb,As)
     
    6
    S
     
    23
    2.JB.30Jordanite
    Pb
     
    14
    (As,Sb)
     
    6
    S
     
    23
    2.JB.30Kirkiite
    Pb
     
    10
    Bi
     
    3
    As
     
    3
    S
     
    19
    2.JB.35Pillaite
    Pb
     
    9
    Sb
     
    10
    S
     
    23
    ClO
     
    0.5
    2.JB.35Zinkenite
    Pb
     
    9
    Sb
     
    22
    S
     
    42
    2.JB.35Scainiite
    Pb
     
    14
    Sb
     
    30
    S
     
    54
    O
     
    5
    2.JB.35Pellouxite
    (Cu,Ag)Pb
     
    10
    Sb
     
    12
    S
     
    27
    O(Cl,S)
     
    0.6
    2.JB.40Andorite
    PbAgSb
     
    3
    S
     
    6
    2.JB.40Aschamalmite
    Pb
     
    6
    Bi
     
    2
    S
     
    9
    2.JB.40Eskimoite
    Ag
     
    7
    Pb
     
    10
    Bi
     
    15
    S
     
    36
    2.JB.40Fizélyite
    Pb
     
    14
    Ag
     
    5
    Sb
     
    21
    S
     
    48
    ?
    2.JB.40Gustavite
    Ag
     
    3
    Pb
     
    5
    Bi
     
    11
    S
     
    24
    2.JB.40Ourayite
    Ag
     
    3
    Pb
     
    4
    Bi
     
    5
    S
     
    13
    2.JB.40Ramdohrite
    Ag
     
    3
    Pb
     
    6
    Sb
     
    11
    S
     
    24
    2.JB.40Roshchinite
    Ag
     
    19
    Pb
     
    10
    Sb
     
    51
    S
     
    96
    2.JB.40Schirmerite
    AgPb
     
    2
    Bi
     
    3
    S
     
    7
    2.JB.40Treasurite
    Ag
     
    7
    Pb
     
    6
    Bi
     
    15
    S
     
    32
    2.JB.40Uchucchacuaite
    AgMnPb
     
    3
    Sb
     
    5
    S
     
    12
    2.JB.40Vikingite
    Ag
     
    5
    Pb
     
    8
    Bi
     
    13
    S
     
    30
    2.JB.40Xilingolite
    Pb
     
    3
    Bi
     
    2
    S
     
    6
    2.JB.40Heyrovskýite
    Pb
     
    10
    AgBi
     
    5
    S
     
    18
    2.JB.40Andorite IV
    Pb
     
    18
    Ag
     
    15
    Sb
     
    47
    S
     
    96
    2.JB.40Andorite VI
    PbAgSb
     
    3
    S
     
    6
    2.JB.45Galenobismutite
    PbBi
     
    2
    S
     
    4
    2.JB.45Weibullite
    Pb
     
    5
    Bi
     
    8
    Se
     
    7
    S
     
    11
    2.JB.45Angelaite
    Cu
     
    2
    AgPbBiS
     
    4
    2.JB.50Neyite
    Pb
     
    7
    (Cu,Ag)
     
    2
    Bi
     
    6
    S
     
    17
    2.JB.55Gratonite
    Pb
     
    9
    As
     
    4
    S
     
    15
    2.JB.60Marrucciite
    Hg
     
    3
    Pb
     
    16
    Sb
     
    18
    S
     
    46
    2.JB.65Vurroite
    Pb
     
    20
    Sn
     
    2
    (Bi,As)
     
    22
    S
     
    54
    Cl
     
    6
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
    5.6.1Sartorite
    PbAs
     
    2
    S
     
    4
    5.6.2Dufrénoysite
    Pb
     
    2
    As
     
    2
    S
     
    5
    5.6.3Liveingite
    Pb
     
    9
    As
     
    13
    S
     
    28
    5.6.4Baumhauerite
    Pb
     
    3
    As
     
    4
    S
     
    9
    5.6.5Gratonite
    Pb
     
    9
    As
     
    4
    S
     
    15
    5.6.6Jordanite
    Pb
     
    14
    (As,Sb)
     
    6
    S
     
    23
    5.6.7Fülöppite
    Pb
     
    3
    Sb
     
    8
    S
     
    15
    5.6.8Zinkenite
    Pb
     
    9
    Sb
     
    22
    S
     
    42
    5.6.9Plagionite
    Pb
     
    5
    Sb
     
    8
    S
     
    17
    5.6.10Heteromorphite
    Pb
     
    7
    Sb
     
    8
    S
     
    19
    5.6.11Launayite
    Pb
     
    22
    Sb
     
    26
    S
     
    61
    5.6.12Playfairite
    Pb
     
    16
    Sb
     
    18
    S
     
    43
    5.6.13Semseyite
    Pb
     
    9
    Sb
     
    8
    S
     
    21
    5.6.14Madocite
    Pb
     
    17
    Sb
     
    16
    S
     
    41
    5.6.15Boulangerite
    Pb
     
    5
    Sb
     
    4
    S
     
    11
    5.6.17Robinsonite
    Pb
     
    4
    Sb
     
    6
    S
     
    13
    5.6.18Guettardite
    Pb(Sb,As)
     
    2
    S
     
    4
    5.6.19Twinnite
    Pb(Sb,As)
     
    2
    S
     
    4
    5.6.20Veenite
    Pb
     
    2
    (Sb,As)
     
    2
    S
     
    5
    5.6.21Sorbyite
    Pb
     
    17
    (Sb,As)
     
    22
    S
     
    50
    5.6.22Geocronite
    Pb
     
    14
    (Sb,As)
     
    6
    S
     
    23
    5.6.23Galenobismutite
    PbBi
     
    2
    S
     
    4
    5.6.24Cosalite
    Pb
     
    2
    Bi
     
    2
    S
     
    5
    5.6.25Cannizzarite
    Pb
     
    4
    Bi
     
    6
    S
     
    13
    5.6.27Giessenite
    Cu
     
    2
    Pb
     
    26
    (Bi,Sb)
     
    20
    S
     
    57
    5.6.28 Platynite
    5.6.29Xilingolite
    Pb
     
    3
    Bi
     
    2
    S
     
    6
    5.6.30Weibullite
    Pb
     
    5
    Bi
     
    8
    Se
     
    7
    S
     
    11
    5.6.31Wittite
    Pb
     
    9
    Bi
     
    12
    (S,Se)
     
    27
    5.6.32Kirkiite
    Pb
     
    10
    Bi
     
    3
    As
     
    3
    S
     
    19
    5.6.33Ustarasite
    Pb(Bi,Sb)
     
    6
    S
     
    10
    (?)
    Related Minerals - Dana Grouping):
    3.4.15.4Andorite
    PbAgSb
     
    3
    S
     
    6
    3.4.15.7Roschinite
    3.4.15.8Fizélyite
    Pb
     
    14
    Ag
     
    5
    Sb
     
    21
    S
     
    48
    ?

    Other Names for Lillianite

    German names:
    LilianitLillianit
    Russian names:
    Лиллианит
    Spanish names:
    Lillianita
    Varieties:
    Argentian LillianiteCuprolillianite

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Lillianite

    Reference List:Keller (1889), Zs. Kristallogr. 17: 67.

    Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 404-406.

    American Mineralogist (1969): 54: 579.

    Takagi, J. and Takéuchi, Y. (1972) The crystal structure of lillianite. Acta Crystallographica: B28: 649-651.

    Makovicky, E. (1977) Chemistry and crystallography of the lillianite homologous series. III. Crystal chemistry of lillianite homologues. Related phases. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen: 131: 187-207.

    Makovicky, E. and Karup-Møller, S. (1977a) Chemistry and crystallography of the lillianite homologous series. I. General properties and definitions. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen: 130: 264-287.

    Makovicky, E. and Karup-Møller, S. (1977b) Chemistry and crystallography of the lillianite homologous series. II. Definition of new minerals eskimoite, vikingite, ourayite and treasurite. Redefinition of schirmerite and new data on the lillianite-gustavite solid-solution series. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen: 131: 56-82.

    Ohsumi, K., Tsutsui, K., Takeuchi, Y., and Tokonami, M. (1984) Reinvestigation of the lillianite structure. Nat. Lab. High. Energy Physics (Tsukuba, Japan), Photon Factory Activity Report 1983/1984, VI-23.

    European Journal of Mineralogy (1993): 5: 331.

    Borodaev, Y.S., Garavelli, A., Garbarino, C., Grillo, S.M., Mozgova, N.N., Uspenskaya, T.Y., and Vurro, F. (2001) Rare sulfosalts from Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. IV. Lillianite. Canadian Mineralogist: 39: 1383-1396.

    Pinto, D. (2005): Mineralogy, crystal-chemistry and structures of sulfosalts from Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy): Ag-free lillianite, Cl-bearing galenobismutite, kirkiite and the new mineral vurroite. Plinius, 31, 197-202.

    Pinto, D., Balić-Žunić, T., Garavelli, A., Makovicky, E., and Vurro, F. (2006) Comparative crystal-structure study of Ag-free lillianite and galenobismutite from Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. Canadian Mineralogist: 44: 159-175.

    Internet Links for Lillianite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Lillianite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Lillianite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Lillianite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Jujuy
      • Rinconada Department
        • Pirquitas Ag-Sn Deposit
    No reference listed
    • Tierra del Fuego
    Australia
     
    • Queensland
    [MinRec 19 p469-490 - "Sielecki, R: The Mount Isa-Cloncurry mineral field"]
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Goldberg group
          • Zirknitz
    G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Felben valley
          • Scheelite deposit
    [var: Argentian Lillianite] MinRec 33:352
        • Habach valley
    A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
        • Rauris valley
          • Seidlwinkl valley
            • Modereck Mt.
    W. Paar: Der Karinthin 80:97-98 (1979)
        • Untersulzbach valley
    Lewandowski, K., Lerch, H. & Seemann, R. (2006): Chronik - Schaubergwerk Hochfeld "Bergbau im Untersulzbachtal – Eine fast vergessene Welt" Die 500-jährige Geschichte des Kupferbergbaus am Hochfeld im Untersulzbachtal. Zukunftskollegium Nationalpark Hohe Tauern, Neukirchen a. G., 288 pp.
    Bulgaria
     
    • Montana Oblast
    Dimitrova, D. et al. (2006): Bulgar. Acad. Sci. Annual Report No. 12, 32-33.
    • Plovdiv Oblast
      • Rhodope Mts
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    China
     
    • Anhui Province
      • Huangshan Prefecture
        • Yi Co.
    Chen Tian-hu, Yue Shu-cang, Li Shuang-ying, and Wang Dao-xuan (2000):Journal of Rare Earths 18(3), 169-173.
    • Guangdong Province
      • Yunfu Prefecture
        • Yuncheng District
    Qian Zhang, Shuxun Shao, Jiayong Pan, and Zhihao Liu (2001): Ore Geology Reviews 18, 169-179.
    • Hunan Province
      • Chenzhou Prefecture
        • Guiyang Co.
    Anthony, J.W. et al.: Handbook of Mineralogy
    • Shandong Province
      • Jiaodong Gold Province
        • Yantai Prefecture
          • Zhaoyuan Co.
    www.fabiao.net/viewthread.php?tid=15500&extra=page%3D1
    France
     
    • Pays de Loire
      • Loire-Atlantique
        • Nantes
          • La Roche-Balue
    Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.
    Germany
     
    • Saxony-Anhalt
      • Harz Mts
        • Harzgerode
          • Straßberg
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Hungary
     
    • Pest Co.
      • Börzsöny Mts.
        • Nagybörzsöny
    Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    Italy
     
    • Sicily
      • Messina Province
        • Lipari
          • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
            • Vulcano Island
    BORODAEV Y.S., GARAVELLI A., GARBARINO C., GRILLO S.M., MOZGOVA N.N., USPENSKAYA T.Y., VURRO F. (2001): Rare sulfosalts from Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. IV. Lillianite. - Canadian Mineralogist - 39, 1383-1396.
    • Tuscany
      • Livorno Province
        • Elba Island
          • Campo nell'Elba
            • San Piero in Campo
    Orlandi, P., & Pezzotta, F. (1997). Minerali dell'Isola d'Elba. Edizioni Novecento Grafico, Bergamo, 249 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Gifu Prefecture
    Ryoichi SADANAGA and Michiaki BUNNO (1974) THE WAKABAYASHI MINERAL COLLECTION Bulletin No. 7 The University Museum, The University of Tokyo
    Peru
     
    • Huánuco Department
      • Dos de Mayo Province
        • Huallanca District
    No reference listed
    Romania
     
    • Maramures Co.
      • Baia Borsa
    Mitt. .Österr. Miner. Ges. 143 (1998)
      • Baiut
    Mitt. .Österr. Miner. Ges. 143 (1998)
    Russia
     
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
    [MinRec 32:8]
      • Sakhalinskaya Oblast'
        • Maritime Province
          • Kuril Islands
            • Iturup Island
    http://maurice.strahlen.org/kurilles/kurilles.htm
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Southern Low Tatra Mts
    Pršek J.,2004: Štruktúra a kryštálochémia sulfosolí zo sulfidických mineralizácii Západnych Karpát (Kandid. Diz.práca).Archív Katedry miner. a petrografie Prírodoved. Fak. UK,Bratislava, 135 s.
    Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
        • Jarabá
    Ozdín D. & Pršek J., 2004: Sulfosoli homologického radu lillianitu z hydrotermálnych mineralizácií Nízkych Tatier. Mineralia Slovaca, 36, 3-4, 279-285.
      • Western Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Chyžné
    Bálintová T., Ozdín D.,2006:Sulphosalts from Chyžné-Herichová in the Western Carpathians (Slovakia). Acta Miner.-Petrograph.,Abstract Series 5, Szeged, p.8
        • Hnúšťa
    Ragan,M., Caňo,F., 1991: Prvé údaje o dvoch nových sulfosoliach (CuPbSbBi a AgPbBiSb) so selénom zmastencového ložiska Hnúšťa. Min.Slovaca, 23,1,36
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
    Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
        • Rožňava (Rozsnyo; Rosenau) Mining District
    Pauliš P., Ďuďa R., 2002:Nejznámejší mineralogická nalezište Slovenska. Kuttna, Kutná Hora, 136p
      • Southern Slanské Mts
    Koděra, P., Rojkovičová, Ľ.,Košárková, M., 1998: Mineralógická správa lokality Byšta, Au-Ag. Manuscript, Archiv Geofond, Bratislava, 68 p
    Spain
     
    • Galicia
    Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.
    Sweden
     
    • Dalarna
      • Falun
        • Svärdsjö
          • Svartvik Mines
    Dana 7:I:405.
    • Närke
      • Askersund
        • Åmmeberg
          • Hammar
    No reference listed
    • Småland
      • Västervik
    AKMG 3, nr35, 14
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    CanMin 28, 17
    • Västerbotten
      • Skellefteå
        • Boliden
    Kjell Gatedal
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Collonges
    Meisser, N. and Ansermet, S. (1993): Schweizer Strahler 9, 573-608
      • Lötschen valley
        • Lonza Valley
          • Mittal
    Schweizer Strahler 4/2001 p 19-23
      • Martigny
        • Mont Chemin
    Graeser S., Reuse G. (2005) - Minéraux provenant du tunnel routier de Martigny. Le Cristallier Suisse, n°1, pp: 23-32
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • Central Region (Perthshire)
        • Meal nan Oighreag
    Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.
    Ukraine
     
    • Transcarpathian Oblast'
    USA
     
    • California
      • Fresno Co.
        • Kaiser Peak quadrangle
    www.mineralsocal.org
    • Colorado
      • Hinsdale Co.
        • Park District (Whitecross District; Burrows Park District; Adams District)
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Lake Co.
        • Leadville District
          • Leadville
            • Printer Boy Hill
    Dana 6: 1090; Am.Min.: 54:579 (1969)(abstract); Keller (1889).
      • Park Co.
        • Geneva District
    Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.
      • San Juan Co.
        • Silverton District
          • Poughkeepsie Gulch
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
            • Sultan Mt.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Ouray District (Uncompahgre District)
          • Telluride
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Summit Co.
        • Montezuma Area
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Idaho
      • Boise Co.
        • Quartzburg District
    R&M 70:4 pp 242-263
    Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated
    • Nevada
      • Lander Co.
        • Battle Mountain District
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Nye Co.
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    Uzbekistan
     
    • Tashkent (Toshkent) Viloyati
      • Angren Region
        • Chatkal-Kuraminskii Range
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Mineral and/or Locality
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