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Annite

Big Photo

A4 Highway tunnel, Thiemendorf, Görlitz, Oberlausitz, Saxony, Germany
© Thomas Witzke

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Formula:
KFe
2+
3
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
System:MonoclinicColour:Black
Lustre:AdamantineHardness:3
Name:After the locality at Rockport, Cape Ann, Essex Co., Massachusetts, USA.


Mica Group. Biotite-Phlogopite Series. The hydroxyl analogue of Fluorannite.

Classification of Annite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/H.11-110
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.EC.20

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th edition ID:71.2.2b.3

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
2 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.18.4

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
18 : Aluminosilicates of Fe and alkalis
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Type Occurrence of Annite

Type Locality:Rockport, Essex Co., Massachusetts, USA
Year of Discovery:1868

Physical Properties of Annite

Lustre:Adamantine
Colour:Black
Hardness (Mohs):3

Crystallography of Annite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 5.39Å, b = 9.33Å, c = 10.29Å
β = 100°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.578 : 1 : 1.103
Unit Cell Volume:V 509.61 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Annite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.625 - 1.631 nβ = 1.690 nγ = 1.691 - 1.697
2V:Calculated: 12° to 36°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.066

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:weak to distinct

Chemical Properties of Annite

Formula:
KFe
2+
3
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
Essential elements:Al, Fe, H, K, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, Fe, H, K, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Mn,Mg,Ca,Na,K,Cl

Relationship of Annite to other Species

Related to:
  • Mica Group
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
    9.EC.05Minnesotaite
    (Fe,Mg)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.05Talc
    Mg
     
    3
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.05Willemseite
    (Ni,Mg)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.10Ferripyrophyllite
    Fe
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.10Pyrophyllite
    Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.15Boromuscovite
    KAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|BSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Celadonite
    K(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Al)[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Chernykhite
    (Ba,Na)(V
    3+
     
    		,Al,Mg)
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Montdorite
    (K,Na)
     
    2
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    5
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
     
    2
    9.EC.15Muscovite
    KAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Nanpingite
    CsAl
     
    2
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Paragonite
    NaAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Roscoelite
    K(V,Al)
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Tobelite
    (NH
     
    4
    		,K)Al
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Aluminoceladonite
    K(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		)[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Chromphyllite
    K(Cr,Al)
     
    2
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Ferro-aluminoceladonite
    K(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		)[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Ferroceladonite
    K(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Al)[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Chromceladonite
    K(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)(Cr,Al)[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Tainiolite
    KLiMg
     
    2
    		[F
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.15Ganterite
    (Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Biotite
    9.EC.20Ephesite
    NaLiAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Hendricksite
    K(Zn,Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Masutomilite
    (K,Rb)(Li,Mn
    3+
     
    		,Al)
     
    3
    		[(F,OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Norrishite
    KLiMn
    2+
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Phlogopite
    KMg
     
    3
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Polylithionite
    KLi
     
    2
    		Al[(F,OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Preiswerkite
    NaMg
     
    2
    		Al[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Siderophyllite
    KFe
    2+
    2
    		Al[(F,OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Tetra-ferriphlogopite
    KMg
     
    3
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Al)Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Wonesite
    (Na,K)(Mg,fe,Al)
     
    6
    		(Al,Si)
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH,F)
     
    4
    9.EC.20Zinnwaldite
    KLiFe
    2+
     
    		Al[(F,OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Eastonite
    KMg
     
    2
    		Al[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Tetraferriannite
    KFe
    2+
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Al)Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Trilithionite
    K(Li,Al)
     
    3
    		[(F,OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Fluorannite
    KFe
    2+
    3
    		[(F,OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Shirokshinite
    KNaMg
     
    2
    		[F
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Shirozulite
    K(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Sokolovaite
    CsLi
     
    2
    		AlSi
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		F
     
    2
    9.EC.20Aspidolite
    NaMg
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.20Fluorophlogopite
    KMg
     
    3
    		[(F,OH)
     
    2
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.25Brammallite
    Na
     
    0.65
    		Al
     
    2.0
    		ٱAl
     
    0.65
    		Si
     
    3.35
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.30Margarite
    CaAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.35Anandite
    (Ba,K)(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    3
    		[(O,OH)
     
    2
    		|(Si,Al,Fe)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.35Bityite
    CaLiAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|BeAlSi
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.35Clintonite
    Ca(Mg,Al)
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    3
    		SiO
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.35Kinoshitalite
    (Ba,K)(Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Al)
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite
    (Ba,K)(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    3
    		[(OH,F)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite
    (Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    3
    		[(O,OH,F)
     
    2
    		|(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.40Beidellite
    (Na,Ca
     
    0.5
    		)
     
    0.3
    		Al
     
    2
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.40Kurumsakite
    (Zn,Ni,Cu)
     
    8
    		Al
     
    8
    		V
     
    2
    		Si
     
    5
    		O
     
    35
    		·27H
     
    2
    		O (or near)
    9.EC.40Montmorillonite
    (Na,Ca)
     
    0.33
    		(Al,Mg)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.40Nontronite
    Na
     
    0.3
    		Fe
     
    2
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.40Volkonskoite
    Ca
     
    0.3
    		(Cr,Mg,Fe)
     
    2
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.40Yakhontovite
    (Ca,Na)
     
    0.5
    		(Cu,Fe,Mg)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.40Smectite
    9.EC.45Hectorite
    Na
     
    0.3
    		(Mg,Li)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(F,OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.45Saponite
    Ca
     
    0.25
    		(Mg,Fe)
     
    3
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.45Sauconite
    Na
     
    0.3
    		Zn
     
    3
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.45Spadaite
    MgSiO
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.45Stevensite
    (Ca,Na)
     
    x
    		Mg
     
    3
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.45Swinefordite
    Li(Al,Li,Mg)
     
    4
    		(Si,Al)
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		,(OH,F)
     
    4
    		·xH
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.45Zincsilite
    Zn
     
    3
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.45Ferrosaponite
    Ca
     
    0.3
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    3
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.50Vermiculite
    (Mg,Fe,Al)
     
    3
    		(Al,Si)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.55Baileychlore
    (Zn,Fe,Al,Mg)
     
    6
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    8
    9.EC.55Chamosite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    5
    		Al[(OH)
     
    8
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.55Clinochlore
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    5
    		Al[(OH)
     
    8
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.55Cookeite
    LiAl
     
    4
    		(Si
     
    3
    		Al)O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    8
    9.EC.55Franklinfurnaceite
    Ca
     
    2
    		FeMn
     
    3
    		MnZn
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    8
    9.EC.55Gonyerite
    (Mn,Mg)
     
    5
    		Fe(Si
     
    3
    		Fe)O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    8
    9.EC.55Nimite
    (Ni,Mg,Al)
     
    6
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    8
    9.EC.55Orthochamosite
    (Fe,Mg,Fe)
     
    5
    		Al(Si
     
    3
    		Al)O
     
    10
    		(OH,O)
     
    8
    9.EC.55Pennantite
    (Mn
     
    5
    		Al)(Si
     
    3
    		Al)O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    8
    9.EC.55Sudoite
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		Al
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    8
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.55Donbassite
    Al
     
    2
    		[Al
     
    2.33
    		][Si
     
    3
    		AlO
     
    10
    		](OH)
     
    8
    9.EC.55Glagolevite
    Na(Mg,Al)
     
    6
    		[(OH,O)
     
    8
    		|AlSi
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    9.EC.55Borocookeite
    Li
     
    1+3x
    		Al
     
    4-x
    		[(BSi
     
    3
    		)O
     
    10
    		](OH)
     
    8
    		 [0.00 <= x <=0.33]
    9.EC.60Aliettite
    Ca
     
    0.2
    		Mg
     
    6
    		(Si,Al)
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.60Corrensite
    (Mg,Fe)
     
    9
    		(Si,Al)
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    10
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.60Dozyite
    Mg
     
    7
    		Al
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    12
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    15
    		]
    9.EC.60Hydrobiotite
    9.EC.60Karpinskite
    (Ni,Mg)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.60Kulkeite
    Mg
     
    8
    		Al(AlSi
     
    7
    		)O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    10
    9.EC.60Lunijianlaite
    Li
     
    0.7
    		Al
     
    6.2
    		(Si
     
    7
    		AlO
     
    20
    		)(OH,O)
     
    10
    9.EC.60Rectorite
    (Na,Ca)Al
     
    4
    		(Si,Al)
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.60Saliotite
    Li
     
    0.5
    		Na
     
    0.5
    		Al
     
    3
    		Si
     
    3
    		AlO
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    5
    9.EC.60Tosudite
    9.EC.60Brinrobertsite
    Na
     
    0.3
    		Al
     
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 3.5 H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.65Macaulayite
    (Fe,Al)
     
    24
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    43
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.70Burckhardtite
    Pb
     
    2
    		(Fe,Mn)AlTeO
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.75Ferrisurite
    (Pb,Ca)
     
    2-3
    		(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    1.5-2
    		(OH,F)
     
    0.5-1
    		[(Fe,Al)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		]·nH
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.75Surite
    Pb(Pb,Ca)(CO
     
    3
    		)
     
    2
    		(Al,Fe,Mg)
     
    2
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.EC.75Niksergievite
    (Ba,Ca)
     
    2
    		(Al,Si)
     
    7
    		O
     
    10
    		(CO
     
    3
    		)(OH)
     
    6
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
    9.EC.80Kegelite
    Pb
     
    12
    		(Zn,Fe)
     
    2
    		Al
     
    4
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		Si
     
    11
    		O
     
    38
    		 or near
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
    16.18.1Nontronite
    Na
     
    0.3
    		Fe
     
    2
    		(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·nH
     
    2
    		O
    16.18.2Ferroglaucophane
    [ ][Na
     
    2
    		][Fe
    2+
    3
    		Al
     
    2
    		][(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    22
    		]
    16.18.3Tuhualite
    (Na,K)
     
    2
    		Fe
     
    2
    		Fe
     
    2
    		Si
     
    12
    		O
     
    30
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    16.18.5Siderophyllite
    KFe
    2+
    2
    		Al[(F,OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]

    Other Names for Annite

    German names:
    Annit
    Japanese names:
    鉄雲母
    Russian names:
    Аннит
    Spanish names:
    Annita

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Annite

    Reference List:Canadian Mineralogist: 36: 905-912.

    Hazen, R.M., & C.W. Burnham (1973), The crystal structure of one-layer phlogopite and annite: American Mineralogist: 58: 889-900.

    Internet Links for Annite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Annite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Annite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Annite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
    		Birch BH Book
    • Tasmania
      • Balfour-Temma district
        • Temma
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Waterhouse district
    		Everard, J.L., Sutherland, F.L. and Zwingmann, H., 2004a. A Cretaceous phonolite dyke from the Tomahawk River, Northeast Tasmania. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 138, 11-33.
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    		CanMin 38:869-876
    • Northwest Territories
      • Mazenod Lake District
    		www.fortuneminerals.com/articles/CIM_Paper_1999.pdf.
    • Ontario
      • Haliburton Co.
        • Monmouth Township
          • Tory Hill
      • Sudbury District (Sudbury Complex; Sudbury nickel irruptive)
        • Bigwood Township
    • Québec
      • Rouville Co.
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Lalonde, A.E. and Chao, G.Y. (1997), Annite, biotite and siderophyllite from Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec. Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, 187.
      • Verchères Co.
        • Varennes & St-Amable
          • Saint-Amable sill
    		Horváth Collection - confirmed by visual & XRD
    China
     
    • Fujian Province
      • Nanping Prefecture
        • Wuyishan Co.
    		Chen Diyun, Zhang Bangtong, Sun Dazhong, and Yang Dongsheng (1997): Acta Petrologica Sinica 13(1), 71-84.
    • Hunan Province
      • Chenzhou Prefecture
        • Yizhang Co.
          • Qitianling granitoid
    		www.the-conference.com/2003/Gold2003/abstracts/A581.pdf.
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Fuzhou Prefecture
        • Chongren Co.
    		Yaohui Jiang, Hongfei Ling, Shaoyong Jiang, Honghai Fan, Weizhou Shen, and Pei Ni (2005): Journal of Petrology 46(6), 1-34.
      • Ganzhou Prefecture
        • Huichang Co.
    		Chen Diyun, Zhang Bangtong, Sun Dazhong, and Yang Dongsheng (1997): Acta Petrologica Sinica 13(1), 71-84.
    Egypt
     
    MinMag 63:821-836
    Eritrea
     
    • Semenawi Keyih Bahri (Northern Red Sea) Region
      • Alid volcanic center
    		Journal of Petrology, Vol. 38, Nb 12, 1997, pp. 1707-1721.
    Finland
     
    • Etelä-Suomen Lääni
      • Southern Karelia
        • Wiborg
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    • Länsi-Suomen Lääni
      • Eurajoki
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    Germany
     
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Gerolstein
          • Rockeskyll
    		Blass, G., Emmerich, F., Graf, HW., Schäfer, Ch., Tschörtner, J., (2006): Minerale der Eifelvulkane, Version 1.0, CD, published by authors
        • Rieden volcano
          • Mayen
            • Ettringen
    		Christof Schäfer
          • Mendig
            • Volkesfeld
    		Christof Schäfer
    • Saxony
      • Oberlausitz
        • Görlitz
          • Thiemendorf
    		T. Witzke & T. Giesler (2001): Neufunde aus Sachsen (VII): Bazzit, Bertrandit, Euxenit-(Y), Powellit und andere aus dem Königshainer Granit in der Lausitz.- Lapis 26 (1), 43-48
    Hungary
     
    • Győr-Moson-Sopron Co.
      • Soproni Mts.
        • Harka
    		Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
        • Kópháza
    		K. Török, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 917-925.
        • Sopron
    		Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
    Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
    Italy
     
    • Aosta Valley
      • Courmayeur
        • Monte Bianco Massif
          • Veny Valley
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Latium
      • Viterbo Province
        • Onano
    		M.E. Ciriotti (2005) Probed
    • Lombardy
      • Varese Province
        • Lake Lugano
          • Valganna
    		F. Bakos, A. del Moro, D. Visona, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1990, 2, pp. 373-383.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Gifu Prefecture
          • Ena City
    		The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
      • Chugoku Region
        • Okayama Prefecture
          • Takahashi
    		Matsueda, H. (1980) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, Mining Geology, 5, #4, 15-77.; Matsueda, H. (1980) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, Mining Geology, 5, #4, 15-77.
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
          • Kawamata
            • Iizaka (Iisaka) Village
    		Hori, H. et al (2006): J. Min.Petrol. Sci. 100,170-177
    Madagascar
     
    • Antananarivo Province
      • Vakinankaratra Region (Betafo - Antsirabé region)
        • Betafo Department
          • Ambohimanambola Commune
            • Mount Ikaka
              • Anjanabonoina pegmatites
    		De Vito et al (2006), Canadian Mineralogist: 44: 87-103.
    Malawi
     
    • Zomba District
    		No reference listed
    Mongolia
     
    • Dornogovi Aimag
      • Gobi desert
    		Kynický, J. & Samec, P. (2005): Hydrothermally-metasomatic and exsolution-like mineralization of the carbonatites from selected localities at Gobi. Mongolian Geoscientist. sv. 9, č. 27, s. 52-55.
    Niger
     
    • Agadez Department
      • Aïr Region
        • South Aïr
    		J. Fabriès and G. Rocci, Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéral. Cristallo., 1965, LXXXVIII, 319-340
    Norway
     
    • Nordland
      • Tysfjord
    		Husdal, T. (2008): The minerals of the pegmatites within the Tysfjord granite, northern Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum, skrift 38, 5-28.
    Husdal, T. (2008): The minerals of the pegmatites within the Tysfjord granite, northern Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum, skrift 38, 5-28.
    • Telemark
      • Porsgrunn
        • Bjørkedalen
    		Knut Eldjarn
        • Mørje
          • Sagåsen (Strandåsen)
    		Larsen, A.O. (1998): Identiteten til sorte glimmere i biotittserien fra syenittpegmatitter i Langesundsfjordsområdet. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14, 5-8
    A. O. Larsen, A. Åsheim and R. A. Gault, 2005.
    • Vestfold
      • Larvik
        • Langesundsfjorden
    		Arøya (Arö; Store Arøya), Langesundsfjorden, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
          • Barkevik
    		Field observation by Peter Andresen, 2008.
    Larsen, A.O. (1998): Identiteten til sorte glimmere i biotittserien fra syenittpegmatitter i Langesundsfjordsområdet. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14,5-8
    Larsen, A.O. (1998): Identiteten til sorte glimmere i biotittserien fra syenittpegmatitter i Langesundsfjordsområdet. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14,5-8
          • Vesle Arøya
    		STEIN (Norwegian magazine for popular geology), # 4, 1991.
        • Tvedalen
    		Collection of Peter Andresen.
    Larsen, A.O. (1998): Identiteten til sorte glimmere i biotittserien fra syenittpegmatitter i Langesundsfjordsområdet. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14, 5-8
    Collection of Peter Andresen.
    Collection of OT Ljøstad.
        • Vardaasen
    		Collection of Peter Andresen.
    Philippines
     
    • Luzon
      • Cordillera Administrative Region
        • Benguet Province
          • Tuba
    		Company information material received at visit (2006)
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Ząbkowice District
        • Ząbkowice (Frankenstein)
    		Puziewicz J. 2001: Origin of annite-epidote-ilmenite-muscovite paragenesis in the granulite from Chałupki (Fore-Sudetic Block, SW Poland). Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 32, no 1, 3-14.
    Portugal
     
    • Azores District
      • San Miguel
        • Agua de Pau Mts
          • Agua de Pau volcano
    		Ridolfi, F., Renzulli, A., Santi, P., Upton, B.G.J., Evolutionary stages of crystallisation of weakly peralkine syenites: evidence from ejecta in the plinian deposits of Agua de Pau volcano (Sao Miguel, Azores Islands), Mineralogical Magazine, 67(4), 749-767, 2003
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    		[World of Stones 12:49]
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Chitinskaya Oblast'
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Khibiny Massif
            • Eveslogchorr Mt
    		Men'shikov Yu.P., Khomyakov A.P., Ferraris G. e.a. (2003) Eveslogite, (Ca,K,Na,Sr,Ba)48[(Ti,Nb,Mn,Fe")12(OH)12Si48O144](F,OH,Cl)14, a new mineral from the Khibiny alkaline massif, Kola peninsula, Russia, - Zapiski VMO, 132(1), pp. 59-67 (in Rus.).
    Pekov, I.V. & Podlesnyi, A.S. (2004): Kukisvumchorr Deposit: Mineralogy of Alkaline Pegmatites and Hydrotermalites. Mineralogical Almanac, vol. 7, 140 pages + xxiv photo's pages
    www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast'
          • Yuzhakovo Village
            • Alabashka pegmatite field
    		http://webcenter.ru/~minbooks/murz_kaz.html
    Saint Lucia
     
    Ph. D'arco, J. Cotten, Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 153-159.
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Western Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Betliar
    		Kubiš M., Broska I.: 2006: Petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry of Betliar granite body (Gemeric unit, Western Carpathians,Slovakia). Miner. Polonica-Special Papers, vol. 28. p.121- 123
        • Rožňava (Rozsnyo; Rosenau) Mining District
          • Čučma (Csucsom; Tschutschma)
    		Ozdin D., Volek M., Števko M., 2006: Study of hydrotermal veins with axinites from the Western Carpathians. Acta Miner.-Petrograph.,Abstract Series 5, Szeged, p.87
    South Africa
     
    • Northwest Province
      • Western Bushveld Complex
        • Rustenburg District
          • Pilansberg Complex
    		The Canadian Mineralogist, V 42, 2004, pp. 1169-1178.
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
      • Kiruna
    		Flink, G. Bidrag till Malmbergsgruvornas och Kirunavaaras Mineralogi (Sthlm 1924, in Swedish)
    • Norrbotten
    		found and analyzed by Aksel Österlöf.
    • Södermanland
      • Haninge
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Sion (Sitten)
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    Ukraine
     
    • Dnipropetrovs'k Oblast' (Dnepropetrovsk Oblast')
      • Ukrainian Shield
    • Donets'k Oblast' (Donetsk Oblast')
      • Azov Sea Region
    		P.M. Kartashov data
    USA
     
    • Arkansas
      • Pulaski Co.
        • Sweet Home
          • Granite Mountain complex
    		Horvath collection visual id.
      • Saline Co.
        • Granite Mountain complex
          • Sweet Home
    		Horváth Collection
    • Colorado
      • El Paso Co.
    		[AmMin 84:196]
        • Mount Rosa
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Jefferson Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Park Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Tarryall Springs District (Puma City)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Teller Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Georgia
    • Maine
      • Androscoggin Co.
        • Auburn
          • Mt. Apatite District
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v. 1.
    No reference listed
        • Lewiston
    		Fisher, L., 1934, Graphite in Pegmatite, American Mineralogist, v. 19, p. 169-177.; Morrill et al. (1958)
      • Cumberland Co.
        • Brunswick
    		Morrill, P. et al. (1958)
      • Kennebec Co.