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Leucite

Big Photo

Emmelberg Mt., Üdersdorf, Daun, Eifel Mts, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
© JDehove

Show Leucite Photos (53)
Formula:
KAlSi
 
2
O
 
6
System:TetragonalColour:White, grey
Hardness:5½ - 6
Name:From the Greek "leucos," for white, in allusion to its common colour.
This page provides mineralogical data about Leucite.

Classification of Leucite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/J.05-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.GB.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
B : Chains of single connected 4-membered rings
Dana 8th edition ID:76.2.2.1

76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
2 : Al-Si Framework Feldspathoids and related species
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.3.4

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
3 : Aluminosilicates of K
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Type Occurrence of Leucite

Type Locality:Monte Somma, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples Province, Campania, Italy
Year of Discovery:1791

Occurrences of Leucite

Geological Setting:Potasium rich mafic and ultramafic lavas.

Physical Properties of Leucite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:White, grey
Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Poor/Indistinct
Very poor om {110}
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):2.45 - 2.5 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.46 g/cm3

Crystallography of Leucite

Crystal System:Tetragonal
Class (H-M):4/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:I41/a
Cell Parameters:a = 13.056Å, c = 13.751Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.053
Unit Cell Volume:V 2,343.98 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:16
Morphology:Euhedral pseudocubic crystals
Twinning:Common, repeated on {110}{101}
Crystal Atlas:
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Leucite no.2 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Leucite no.4 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

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The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. You need Java to see these. You can download Java for free - click here to download Java

The 3d models and java code are kindly provided by www.smorf.nl. You can control the movement of the models by holding down the left mouse-button over the 3d model and moving your mouse. Keyboard controls are:

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t/T: decrease/increase transparency x/X: next/previous texture
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X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Leucite

Type:Uniaxial (+)
RI values: nω = 1.508 nε = 1.509
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.001

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Comments:May be anomalously biaxial.

Chemical Properties of Leucite

Formula:
KAlSi
 
2
O
 
6
Essential elements:Al, K, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, K, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Fe,Mg,Ca,Ba,Na,Rb,Cs,H2O

Relationship of Leucite to other Species

Common Associates:
NephelineNatroliteNatroliteAnalcime
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.GB.05Ammonioleucite
(NH
 
4
,K)AlSi
 
2
O
 
6
9.GB.05Analcime
Na
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 2H
 
2
O
9.GB.05Hsianghualite
Ca
 
3
Li
 
2
Be
 
3
[F
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
9.GB.05Lithosite
K
 
6
Al
 
4
Si
 
8
O
 
25
·2H
 
2
O
9.GB.05Pollucite
(Cs,Na)
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 2H
 
2
O
9.GB.05Wairakite
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 2H
 
2
O
9.GB.10Laumontite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
·4H
 
2
O
9.GB.15Yugawaralite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
·4H
 
2
O
9.GB.20Roggianite
Ca
 
2
Be(OH)
 
2
Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
13
·2.5H
 
2
O
9.GB.25Goosecreekite
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
] · 5H
 
2
O
9.GB.30Montesommaite
(K,Na)
 
9
Al
 
9
Si
 
23
O
 
64
·10H
 
2
O
9.GB.35Parthéite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
·2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
16.3.1Lithosite
K
 
6
Al
 
4
Si
 
8
O
 
25
·2H
 
2
O
16.3.2Kaliophilite
K[AlSiO
 
4
]
16.3.3Kalsilite
K[AlSiO
 
4
]
16.3.5Microcline
K[AlSi
 
3
O
 
8
]
16.3.6Orthoclase
K[AlSi
 
3
O
 
8
]
16.3.7Sanidine
K[AlSi
 
3
O
 
8
]
16.3.8Muscovite
KAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]

Other Names for Leucite

Synonyms:
LeukolithOeil de perdrixWhite Garnet
Other Languages:
Dutch:Leuciet
French:Leucite
Amphigène
German:Leucit
Lezuit
Hebrew:לוסיט
Italian:Leucite
Polish:Leucyt
Russian:Лейцит
Spanish:Leucita
Swedish:Leucit
Varieties:
Germanate-leucite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Leucite

Reference List:Klaproth, M.H. (1797): Untersuchung des Leucit, Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, Zweiter Band, Rottmann Berlin, 39-59

Onorato E. – (1938) Ricerche roentgenografiche sulla leucite. Periodico di Mineralogia – Roma 85-97.

American Mineralogist (1976): 61: 108-115.

Mineralogical Record: 30: 5-6.

American Mineralogist (1993): 78: 486.

Phillips, B.L. and Kirkpatrick, R.J. (1994) Short-range Al-Si order in leucite and analcime: determination of the configurational entropy from 27Al and variable-temperature 29Si NMR spectroscopy of leucite, its Cs- and Rb-exchanged derivatives, and analcime. American Mineralogist: 79: 1025-1031.

Internet Links for Leucite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Leucite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Leucite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Leucite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
    AmMin 36:361-367
    AmMin 36:361-367
    Argentina
     
    • Salta
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Cumberland Co.
        • Prospect (Prospect Hill)
    		Min Rec (1994) 25:185-194
    • Victoria
      • Moorabool
        • Mount Egerton
      • Shepparton
    • Western Australia
      • Derby-West Kimberley Shire
        • Kimberley
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1939 25 : 373-387; Mineralogical Magazine 1984 48 : 263-266
      • Fitzroy Crossing
    		The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986.
      • Noonkanbah
    		The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986.
    The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986.
    The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986.
    The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986.
    The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986.
    The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986.
    The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986.
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Bad Gleichenberg
        • Wilhelmsdorf
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
      • Bad Radkersburg
        • Klöch
    		Taucher, J. et al. (1989)
    Azerbaijan
     
    Brazil
     
    • South Region
      • Santa Catarina
    		1995, Geochimica Brasiliensis, 8: 179-214.
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Patos de Minas
          • Pântano
      • São Paulo
        • Águas da Prata
    		Rafael Hernandes Corrêa-Silva.
    Cameroon
     
    • South-West Region
      • Buea
        • Cameroon Mt.
    		Nkoumbou, C., Deruelle, B., Velde, D. (1995): Petrology of Mt Etinde Nephelinite Series, Journal of Petrology, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 373-395
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Ostrov
    		Pauliš, P.: Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech II. Kutná Hora: Kuttna, 2003, s. 17 - 18.
        • Mariánské Lázně (Marienbad)
    		Ulrych, J., Pivec, E., Bouše, P.: Minerální parageneze ijolitových vyloučenin v olivinickém nefelinitu Podhorního vrchu u Mariánských Lázní. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1995, roč. 3, s. 51-56.
      • Ústí Region
        • Ústí nad Labem (Aussig)
    		www.geocities.com/Smula.geo
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Kivu
      • Goma
    		Strübel, Zimmer: "Lexikon der Minerale", 2nd Ed., 1991
    France
     
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Aveyron
    		Eytier J.R. & Ch., Favreau G., Devouard B., Vigier J. (2004), Minéraux de pyrométamorphisme de Lapanouse-de Sévérac (Aveyron), Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°85, pp: 3-58
    • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
      • Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
    		Favreau G., Meisser N., Chiappero P.J. (2004), Saint-Maime (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence): un exemple de pyrométamorphisme en région provençale, n°3, pp: 59-92
    French Polynesia
     
    • Windward Islands
      • Tahiti
        • Papeete
    		Am Min 62:634-645
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Emmendingen
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Titisee-Neustadt
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
      • Kaiserstuhl
        • Oberrotweil
    		No reference listed
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Fichtelgebirge
          • Kemnath
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
        • Maroldsweisach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Hesse
      • North Hesse
        • Richelsdorf District
          • Süss
            • Richelsdorf Smelter
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1992
      • Vogelsberg
        • Schotten
          • Gonterskirchen
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Andernach
          • Eich
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der basaltischen Gesteine im Laacher Vulkangebiet, Der Aufschluß, Heft 2, 1975
          • Kruft
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der basaltischen Gesteine im Laacher Vulkangebiet, Der Aufschluß, Heft 2, 1975
    Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der basaltischen Gesteine im Laacher Vulkangebiet, Der Aufschluß, Heft 2, 1975
          • Nickenich
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der basaltischen Gesteine im Laacher Vulkangebiet, Der Aufschluß, Heft 2, 1975
          • Plaidt
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Daun
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
          • Hinterweiler
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
          • Oberstadtfeld
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München (2. Auflage), 1987
          • Schalkenmehren
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
          • Üdersdorf
    		Schäfer, H., Die Mineralien der Einschlüsse und Auswürflinge in den Schlacken des Emmelberges bei Üdersdorf / Eifel, Der Aufschluss 30, 273-282, 1979
    Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
        • Gerolstein
          • Birresborn
    		A.D. Edgar, Eur. Journ. Mineral. , 1992, 4, pp. 321-330.
          • Essingen
            • Hohenfels
    		Aufschluss 82(6), 237-240
          • Rockeskyll
    		Haardt, W., Die vulkanischen Auswürflinge und Basalte am Killer Kopf bei Rockeskyll in der Eifel, Jb. Preuß. Geolog. Landesanstalt, Berlin 35, 177-252
          • Roth
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Hillesheim
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
          • Oberbettingen
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
          • Steffeln
    		A. Wittern: Mineralfundorte in Deutschland, Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001
    Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag, München (2. Auflage), 1987
          • Zilsdorf
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München (2. Auflage), 1987
    Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Kelberg
          • Drees
    		Schüller, W., Die Mineralien des Niveligsberges bei Drees in der Eifel, Der Aufschluß SB 33, 1990
        • Laach lake volcanic complex
          • Kruft
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
          • Mendig
            • Niedermendig
    		Brauns, R. , Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
    Brauns, R. , Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
              • Wingertsberg Mt.
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
          • Niederzissen
            • Glees
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
        • Mayen
          • Ettringen
            • Bellerberg volcano
              • Ettringer Bellerberg Mt. (Bellberg Mt.; Bellenberg Mt.; Billenberg Mt.; Boilenberg Mt.)
    		Hentschel, G. (1987): Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise (München), 2. Auflage
              • Southern lava flow
    		Hentschel, G. (1973): Frei gewachsene Perowskit Kristalle in den basaltischen Laven der Eifel, Der Aufschluß, Vol. 24, 373 - 377
            • Hochstein Mt. (Hohestein Mt.; Forstberg Mt.)
    		Hentschel, G.: Frei gewachsene Perowskit-Kristalle in basaltischen Laven der Eifel, Der Aufschluss, 373-377, 1973
          • Hochsimmer volcano
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der basaltischen Gesteine im Laacher Vulkangebiet, Der Aufschluß, Heft 2, 1975
        • Mendig
          • Bell
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der basaltischen Gesteine im Laacher Vulkangebiet, Der Aufschluß, Heft 2, 1975
          • Niedermendig
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
          • Rieden
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
        • Niederzissen
          • Brenk
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
          • Burgbrohl
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der basaltischen Gesteine im Laacher Vulkangebiet, Der Aufschluß, Heft 2, 1975
          • Hannebach
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
    Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
          • Wassenach
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der basaltischen Gesteine im Laacher Vulkangebiet, Der Aufschluß, Heft 2, 1975
        • Polch
          • Ochtendung
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Lapis 1988(7+8), 70-72
        • Rieden volcano
          • Mayen
            • Ettringen
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
          • Niederzissen
            • Wehr
    		Hopmann, M., Einige Bemerkungen über die Einschlüsse im Leucit-Tuff der Kappiger Lay, Mitteilungen aus dem Mineralogischen Institut der Universität Bonn, 9/1913
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Paamiut (Frederikshåb)
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
    • Tunu (East Greenland) Province
      • Blosseville Coast
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
      • Kangerlussuaq Firth
        • Prinsen af Wales Bjerge
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
    Hungary
     
    • Baranya Co.
      • Mecsek Mts.
        • Hosszúhetény
    		Szakáll & Gatter: Hun. Min. Spec., 1993
    • Nógrád Co.
      • Karancs-Medves Mts.
        • Salgótarján
    		EGU / EGS - AGU - EUG Joint Assembly, Abstracts from the meeting held in Nice, France, 6 - 11 April 2003, abstract #748 "Silicate melt inclusions in olivine phenocrysts from Hegyestu (Bakony-Balaton Highland) and Pecsko alkaline basalts (Nograd-Gomor), Hungary"
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Balaton Uplands
        • Zánka
    		XVI ECROFI European Current Research On Fluid Inclusions, Porto 2001, Abstracts (Eds F. Noronha, A. Dória and A. Guedes), Faculdade de Ciências do Porto, Departamento de Geologia, Memória nº 7, pp. 237-240. Porto, 2001
    India
     
    • Andhra Pradesh
      • Visakhapatnam District
    		Gondwana Research 3(1): 65-77.
    Italy
     
    • Abruzzo
      • L'Aquila Province
        • Carsoli
          • Pietrasecca
    		Comodi, P., Liu, Y., Stoppa, F., & Woolley, A. (1999). A multi-method analysis of Si-, S- and REE-rich apatite from a new find of kalsilite-bearing leucitite (Abruzzi, Italy). Mineralogical Magazine, 63: 661-672.
    • Basilicata
      • Potenza Province
        • Mt. Vulture
    		A. Del Caldo, C. Moro, C.M. Gramaccioli, M. Boscardin: Guida ai Minerali - Fabbri ed. 1973
    • Campania
      • Caserta Province
        • Roccamonfina Volcanic Complex
          • Conca della Campania
    		Ghiara, Lirer, Stanzione (1973): Contributo alla conoscenza vulcanologica e petrografica del vulcano di Roccamonfina. Russo, M. (1986): Leucite ed altri minerali nelle vulcaniti primordiali del Roccamonfina. Notiziario del Gruppo Mineralogico Geologico Napoletano, 15, 13-19.
    [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
          • Sessa Aurunca
    		A. Del Caldo, C. Moro, C.M. Gramaccioli, M. Boscardin: Guida ai Minerali - Fabbri ed. 1973
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    		[Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23,58; Am Min 78 (1993), 486]
    A. Del Caldo, C. Moro, C.M. Gramaccioli, M. Boscardin: Guida ai Minerali - Fabbri ed. 1973
    Passaglia, E., Porcelli. C. (1983): Zeophyllite from Monte Somma, Vesuvius, Italy, Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 47, 397-400
    Scacchi, A., 1872: Durch Sublimation entstandene Mineralien, Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 24, 493-506
            • Torre del Greco
    		Mariano Carati - Guida alla mineralogia vesuviana - Calderini, Bologna, 1982
    • Latium
      • Rome Province
        • Alban Hills
    		Fornaseri, M., and Turi, B. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 23, 244-256.
    De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
    Mariani P., Scaini G.: "I minerali d'Italia" - Rizzoli, 1978 –
    Mineralogical Magazine 1956 31 : 265-271
    Fornaseri, M., and Turi, B. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 23, 244-256.
    Fornaseri, M., and Turi, B. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 23, 244-256.
        • Campagnano di Roma
          • Sacrofano
            • Sacrofano Caldera
    		M.E. Ciriotti collection (EDS probed)
        • Le Capannelle
    		De Michele V.: Località mineralogiche consigliate: Cava di Casal Rotondo (Roma) i Notizie del Gruppo Min. Lombardo, n. 1, March 1974, pagg. 12-13
        • Monte Compatri
          • Laghetto
    		Stoppani, F.S. & Curti, E. (1982): I minerali del Lazio. Editoriale Olimpia, Firenze, 291 pp.
        • Rome
    		No reference listed
          • Valleranello
        • Tivoli
          • Osteria dell'Osa
    		A. Del caldo - Località mineralogiche consigliate: Le vulcaniti laziali: Notizie del Guppo Min. Lombardo - 1, March 1971, pp. 6-8 - (This publication later changed its name in Rivista Minealogica Italiana)
      • Viterbo Province
    		Rath, G. v.: Zeitschrift d. geol. Ges., 1868, p. 289
        • Vico Lake
    		Stoppani, F.S., Curti, E. (1982): I Minerali del Lazio. Ed. Olimpia, Firenze, 291 pp.
    A. Del Caldo, C. Moro, C.M. Gramaccioli, M. Boscardin: Guida ai Minerali - Fabbri ed. 1973
    No reference listed
    • Sicily
      • Catania Province
        • Etna Volcanic Complex
    		Di Sabatino B. (1977) - Significato petrologico della presenza di leucite in lave basaltiche di stirpe atlantica: eruzione dell'Etna della primavera del 1971. Periodico di mineralogia – Roma
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Pitigliano
    		V. de Michele - Località Mineralogiche consigliate:Pitigliano - Notizie del Gruppo Min. Lombardo, n. 1, pagg. 12-13, March 1972 - (This publication later changed its name in Rivista Minealogica Italiana)
    Capaccioni B., Nappi G., Renzulli A., 1994. Stratigraphy, eruptive mechanism and depositional processes of the Pitigliano Formation (Latera Volcanic Complex, Vulsini District, Italy). Acta Vulcanol., 5: 31-39.
    • Umbria
      • Terni Province
        • Marsciano
          • San Venanzo
    		V. V. Sharygin et al. , Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 1199-1212.
    F. Stoppa and Y. Liu, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1995, 7, pp. 391-402.
    Cingolani G. (1974) - Eccezionali cristalli di Kalsilite a S. Venanzo (Umbria) - Notizie del Gruppo Min. Lombardo, Fasc. 3, Sept. 1974 - Milano, pp. 66-67
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto Region
        • Gunma Prefecture
          • Fujioka
    Madagascar
     
    • Antsiranana Province
      • Diana (Northern) Region
        • Ambanja District
          • Ampasindava Peninsula
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
        • Nosy Be District
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
    Paraguay
     
    • Paraguarí Department
    		Alan R. Woolley: Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, part 1, 207-208 (BMNH, London, 1987)
    Romania
     
    • Caras-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Gătaia
    		Seghedi I., Ntaflos T. 2006: G˘ataia lamproite (SW Romania). Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 29, 188-191
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
        • Aldan Shield
          • Chara and Tokko Rivers Confluence
    		[Lapis 1993:4 p.13-20]
        • Polar Yakutia
    		S.M. Kravchenko, Scientific Journ. Russian Geology and Geophysics, Sept 2003, V44, N°9.
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/khib.htm
    www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Cérová Mts
        • Hajnačka
    		Uher P., Gregáňová G., Szakall S., 2006: Sapphire-bearingh syenite xenolith from Gortva, Cérová Mountains, Slovakia. Acta Miner.-Petrograph.,Abstract Series 5, Szeged, p.124
    Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
    South Africa
     
    • Gauteng Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Castile-La Mancha
      • Albacete
        • Cancarix
    		E. Salvioli-mariani et al. , Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 1027-1039.
    • Murcia
      • Jumilla
        • La Celia
    		E. Salvioli-mariani et al. , Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 1027-1039.
    Switzerland
     
    • Schaffhausen
      • Thayngen
        • Lohn
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 254.
    Tanzania
     
    • Kilimanjaro Region
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    Stern, W.B. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 20, 198-202.
    Turkey
     
    • Central Anatolia Region
      • Kırşehir Province
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Apache Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 275; Williams, H. (1936), Pliocene volcanics of the Navajo-Hopi country, Geol.Soc.Amer.Bull.: 47: 111-172.
    www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/usa.htm
    • Maine
      • Kennebec Co.
    		www.galleries.com/minerals/silicate/leucite/leucite.htm
    • Montana
      • Garfield Co.
    		www.minsocam.org/msa/Handbook/Davanite.PDF.
      • Hill Co.
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens
    • New Mexico
      • Cibola Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • McKinley Co.
        • Todilto Park
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Mora Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • Wyoming
      • Sweetwater Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals 76:390
    GSA Bull (1903) 14:305-336
    GSA Bull (1903) 14:305-336
    GSA Bull (1903) 14:305-336
    GSA Bull (1903) 14:305-336
    GSA Bull (1903) 14:305-336
    GSA Bull (1903) 14:305-336
    Mineral and/or Locality
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