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Magnesiochromite

Big Photo

Delight Quarry (Soldier's Delight Quarry; Dyer Quarry), Soldiers' Delight ridge, Delight, Baltimore Co., Maryland, USA
© 2007, J. Weissman

Show Magnesiochromite Photos (4)
Formula:
MgCr
 
2
O
 
4
System:IsometricColour:Black
Hardness:5½
Name:In allusion to the composition, containing MAGNESIum and its relationship to CHROMITE.


Spinel Group, Cr series. Chromite-Magnesiochromite Series and Magnesiochromite-Spinel Series.

Classification of Magnesiochromite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/B.03-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.BB.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:7.2.3.1

7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB2X4
Hey's CIM Ref.:7.14.13

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
14 : Oxides of Cr
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Type Occurrence of Magnesiochromite

Type Locality:Schwarzenberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
Year of Discovery:1868

Physical Properties of Magnesiochromite

Lustre:Metallic
Colour:Black
Hardness (Mohs):5½
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:None Observed
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):4.1 - 4.3 g/cm3
Density (calculated):4.43 g/cm3

Crystallography of Magnesiochromite

Crystal System:Isometric
Class (H-M):m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:Fd3m {F41/d 3 2/m}
Cell Parameters:a = 8.305Å
Unit Cell Volume:V 572.82 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals rare, octahedral, modified by {001} at times. Massive.

Optical Data of Magnesiochromite

Type:Isotropic

Chemical Properties of Magnesiochromite

Formula:
MgCr
 
2
O
 
4
Essential elements:Cr, Mg, O
All elements listed in formula:Cr, Mg, O
Common Impurities:Fe,Al

Relationship of Magnesiochromite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Spinel (see here)
Forms a series with Chromite (see here)
Member of Group:
Spinel Group:
AB
 
2
O
 
4
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.BB.05Brunogeierite
(Ge,Fe)Fe
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Chromite
FeCr
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Cochromite
(Co,Ni,Fe)(Cr,Al)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Coulsonite
FeV
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Cuprospinel
Cu
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Filipstadite
(Mn,Mg)
 
2
(Sb
 
.5
Fe
 
.5
)O
 
4
4.BB.05Franklinite
Zn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Gahnite
ZnAl
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Galaxite
(Mn,Fe,Mg)(Al,Fe)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Hercynite
FeAl
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Jacobsite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Manganochromite
(Mn,Fe)(Cr,V)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnesiocoulsonite
MgV
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnesioferrite
MgFe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnetite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Nichromite
(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Qandilite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Ti,Fe,Al)O
 
4
4.BB.05Spinel
MgAl
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Trevorite
Ni
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Ulvöspinel
Fe
 
2
TiO
 
4
4.BB.05Vuorelainenite
(Mn,Fe)(V,Cr)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Zincochromite
ZnCr
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.10Hausmannite
MnMn
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.10Hetaerolite
ZnMn
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.10Hydrohetaerolite
ZnMn
 
2
O
 
4
·H
 
2
O
4.BB.10Iwakiite
Mn(Fe,Mn)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.15Maghemite
Fe
 
2
O
 
3
4.BB.15Titanomaghemite
Fe
3+
 
(Fe
3+
 
,Ti
4+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,[])
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.20Tegengrenite
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Sb
5+
0.5
(Mn
3+
 
,Si,Ti)
 
0.5
O
 
4
4.BB.25Xieite
Fe
2+
 
Cr
 
2
O
 
4
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
7.14.1Eskolaite
Cr
 
2
O
 
3
7.14.2Bracewellite
CrO(OH)
7.14.3Grimaldiite
CrO(OH)
7.14.4Guyanaite
CrO(OH)
7.14.5Yimengite
K(Cr,Ti,Fe,Mg)
 
12
O
 
19
7.14.6Mathiasite
K(Ti,Cr,Fe,Mg,Zr)
 
21
O
 
38
7.14.7Mcconnellite
CuCrO
 
2
7.14.8Redledgeite
Ba
 
x
([Cr,Fe,V]
3+
2x
Ti
 
8-2x
)O
 
16
7.14.9Hawthorneite
BaMgTi
 
3
Cr
 
4
Fe
 
4
O
 
19
7.14.10Zincochromite
ZnCr
 
2
O
 
4
7.14.11Wattersite
(Hg-Hg)
2+
2
Hg
2+
 
[O
 
2
|CrO
 
4
]
7.14.12Chromite
FeCr
 
2
O
 
4
7.14.14 Donathite

Other Names for Magnesiochromite

Synonyms:
Chrome-Spinel (of Boldyrev)FerrichromspinelMagnesiochromite (of Bock)Magnesiochromite (of Simpson)Magnochromite (of Fisher)
Mitchellite
Other Languages:
German:Magnesiochromit
Mitchellit
Japanese:苦土クロム石
Russian:Магнезиохромит
Spanish:Magnesiochromita
Mitchellita
Varieties:
Alumo-chrompicotitePicrochromite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Magnesiochromite

Reference List:Dana, System of Mineralogy, Sixth ed. (1892): 228.

Simpson (1920), Mineralogical Magazine: 19: 99 (as Picrochromite).

Fisher (1929), American Mineralogist: 14: 355 (as Magnochromite).

Betekhtin (1934), Ann. Inst. Mines, Leningrad: 8: 38 (as Ferrichromsinel).

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 709-712.

Canadian Mineralogist (1994): 32: 729-746.

O'Neill, H.St.C. and Dollase, W.A. (1994) Crystal structures and cation distribution in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4, and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 20: 541-555.

Internet Links for Magnesiochromite

Search Engines:
  • Look for Magnesiochromite on Google
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    • External Links:
  • Look for Magnesiochromite on Webmineral
  • Look for Magnesiochromite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Magnesiochromite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Magnesiochromite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Magnesiochromite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Magnesiochromite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Magnesiochromite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Tasmania
    		Bottrill & Baker in prep
      • Heazlewood district
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Huon district
        • Weld river
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Trial Harbour district
    		R. Bottrill (unpub. data)
    Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Zeehan district
    		Bottrill & Sorrell 2007
        • Dundas mineral field
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Leoben
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    • Tyrol
      • North Tyrol
        • Inn valley
          • Brixlegg - Schwaz area
            • Brixlegg - Rattenberg
              • St Gertraudi
    		Lapis 19 (7/8):69 (1994)
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Mégantic Co.
        • Coleraine Township
    		Encyclopedia of Mins., 2nd Ed.:511.
    GSC collection specimens
    Gaudard (1993)
      • Montérégie
        • Vaudreuil-Soulanges RCM
          • Vaudreuil-Dorion
    		Bowen, 1922; Harnois & Mineau, 1991
      • Richmond Co.
        • Shipton Township
          • Asbestos
    		Horváth & Spertini (2008 & 2009)
    China
     
    • Henan Province
      • Nanyang Prefecture
        • Tongbai Co.
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. 3 (1997)
    • Tibet Autonomous Region
      • Shannan (Lhokha; Lhoka) Prefecture
        • Qusum (Qusong) Co.
    		Wenji Bai, Robinson, P.T., Qingsong Fang, Jingsui Yang, Binggang Yan, Zhongming Zhang, Xufeng Hu, Meifu Zhou, and Malpas, J. (2000): Canadian Mineralogist 38(3), 585-598.
    Ethiopia
     
    • Sidamo-Borana Province
    		Jan Bernard & Jaroslav Hyrsl (2004) Minerals and their Localities.
    • Wallaga (Welega; Wollega; Ouallega) Province
      • Assosa region
    		P.M. Kartashov data
    France
     
    • Lower Normandy
      • Manche
        • Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte
    		[var: Picrochromite] P. Devismes : "Atlas photographique des minéraux d'alluvions", BRGM, 1978.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German)
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
    		Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 29 (1976), 7
    Ghana
     
    • Eastern Region
      • Birim diamond field
    		Stachel, T., and Harris, J.W. (1997): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 127, 336-352.
    India
     
    • Orissa
      • Keonjhar District
    		CanMin 39:979-996
    Italy
     
    • Aosta Valley
      • Montjovet
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Piedmont
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ossola Valley
          • Baceno
            • Devero Alp (Devero Valley; Val Devero)
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Sardinia
      • Medio Campidano Province
        • Gonnosfanadiga
    		Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2°, 239 pp.
    • Tuscany
      • Pisa Province
        • Lajatico
          • Orciatico
    		S. Conticelli, P. Manetti, S. Menichetti : "Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Sr-Isotopes in Orendites from South Tuscany, Italy : Constraints on their Genesis and Evolution", European Journal of Mineralogy, 1992, 4, 1359-1375
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido Island
      • Hidaka Province
        • Biratori
    		H. Okada (1964) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 15, #1, 23-38.
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Nagano Prefecture
    		Alfredo Petrov collection
      • Chugoku Region
        • Tottori Prefecture
          • Hino-gun
            • Nichinan-cho
    		Alfredo Petrov - unpublished; Econ Geol (1994) 89:1279-1288
    Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    • Kyushu Island
      • Fukuoka Prefecture
    		Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan)
    • Shikoku Island
      • Ehime Prefecture
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Aqtöbe Oblysy (Aktubinsk [Aktyubinsk; Aktubinskaya] Oblast')
      • Urals
    		P.M. Kartashov data
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    		Favreau, G., Meisser, N., Kampf, A., Devouard, B., Parodi, G.C. (2007): Descriptions complémentaires des minéraux du district de Bou Azzer (2001-2007). Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 2/2007, 3-96.
    New Caledonia
     
    • Northern Province
      • Nouméa Commune
        • Népoui
    		T. Sameshima et al. , Am. Min. , 1983, 68, pp. 1076-1082. / C. Campiglio et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1986, 109, pp. 423-440.
    Romania
     
    • Mehedinti Co.
      • Almas Mts.
    		Minerals of Carpathians
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Lake Baikal area
            • Slyudyanka (Sludyanka)
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Kamchatka Oblast'
        • Koryak Mts
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Khibiny Massif
    		Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.
    Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.
    Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Konopleva, N.G., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Men’shikov, Y.P., and Mikhailova, Y.A. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(7), 599-606.
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Permskaya Oblast'
          • Gorozavodskii area
            • Saranovskaya (Sarany) Village
    		P.M. Kartashov data; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Mineralium Deposita Volume 38, Number 3 / April, 2003
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Cérová Mts
        • Hajnačka
    		Uher P., Gregáňová G., Szakall S., 2006: Sapphire-bearingh syenite xenolith from Gortva, Cérová Mountains, Slovakia. Acta Miner.-Petrograph.,Abstract Series 5, Szeged, p.124
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
    		[var: Picrochromite] Pauliš P., Ďuďa R., 2002:Nejznámejší mineralogická nalezište Slovenska. Kuttna, Kutná Hora, 136p
    Háber,M., Hovorka,D., 1981: Ore mineralisation on the contact of an alpine type ultramafic body (Dankova, SGR Mnts). Geol.Zbor. – Geol.Carpath., 91 – 113
    Pauliš P., Ďuďa R., 2002:Nejznámejší mineralogická nalezište Slovenska. Kuttna, Kutná Hora, 136p
    Ďuďa R., Peterec D., 1995 : Die Mineralien der siderit - baryt lagersttäte von Rudňany ( Kotterbach ) in der Slowakei. Mineralien Welt /Haltern/, 1, s.20 - 31
    • Prešov Region
      • Šarišská vrchovina Mts
    		[var: Picrochromite] Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    Turkey
     
    • Aegean Region
      • Izmir Province
    		Am Min 88:1817-1821
    Ukraine
     
    • Crimea Oblast'
      • Simferopol area
    		Tischenko Alexander
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Yukon-Koyukuk Borough
        • Iditarod District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
        • Innoko District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
        • Melozitna District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    • Arizona
      • Apache Co.
        • Navajo Indian Reservation
          • Monument Valley
            • Dinnehotso
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 283 ; Gavasci, A.T. & P.F. Kerr (1968), Uranium emplacement at Garnet Ridge, Econ.Geol.: 63: 859-876.
    • California
      • Alameda Co.
        • Cedar Mountain District
          • Cedar Mountain
    		Walker, G.W. & .B. Griggs (1953), Chromite deposits of the southern Coast Ranges of California: California Division of Mines Bulletin 134, pt. 2, chap. 2: 51-52, Pl. 1; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 152-153.
        • Livermore District (Tesla District)
          • Livermore
    		[MinRec 20:129-142]
      • Butte Co.
        • Magalia District
          • Magalia
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 153 (map 4-4).
      • Calaveras Co.
        • French Creek District
    		Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948b), Chromite deposits of Calaveras and Amador Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 2: 41 & Pl. 5; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 155 (map 4-6).
    Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948b), Chromite deposits of Calaveras and Amador Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 2: 44, Pl. 5; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 155 (map 4-6).
    Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153.
        • Melones District
    		Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948b), Chromite deposits of Calaveras and Amador Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 2: 33-60; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 155.
        • Pardee District
          • Pardee area
    		Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948b), Chromite deposits of Calaveras and Amador Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 2: 52, Pl. 5; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 154 (map 4-5).
    Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948b), Chromite deposits of Calaveras and Amador Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 2: 42, 50-51 and Pl. 5; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 154.
      • Del Norte Co.
        • Gasquet
    		www.mineralsocal.org
    Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153 (map 4-4).
        • Wimer Road area
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153 (map 4-4).
      • El Dorado Co.
        • Flagstaff Hill Cr area
    		Shannon, Earl Victor (1920), Analyses and optical properties of amesite and corundophilite from Chester, Massachusetts and chromium-bearing chlorites from California and Wyoming: US National Museum Proceedings: 58: 371-379; Cater, F.W., Jr., G.A. Rynearson & D.H. Dow (1951), Chromite deposits of El Dorado County, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 4: 108-167; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 195; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 156.
        • Latrobe District
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153.
    Cater, F.W., Jr., G.A. Rynearson & D.H. Dow (1951), Chromite deposits of El Dorado County, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 4: 128 (3rd. paragraph), 164, Pl. 8; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 156 (map 4-7).
    Cater, F.W., Jr., G.A. Rynearson & D.H. Dow (1951), Chromite deposits of El Dorado County, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 4: 108-167; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 156 (map 4-7).
        • Pilliken
          • Salmon Falls
            • Flagstaff Hill Cr area
    		Stevens, Rollin Elbert (1944) Composition of some chromites of the western hemisphere. American Mineralogist: 29: 7; Cater, F.W., Jr., G.A. Rynearson & D.H. Dow (1951), Chromite deposits of El Dorado County, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 4: 134; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153, 155, 156.
      • Fresno Co.
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153.
    Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 153 (Map 4-4).
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Pecwan Creek
    		Wells, F.G. and Hawkes, H.E. (1965) Chromite deposits of Shasta, Tehama, Trinity and Humboldt counties, California. California Division Mines and Geology Bulletin 134, part 1, chapter 3: 185-189, Pl. 19; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 156.
      • Lake Co.
        • Morgan Valley area
    		Dow, D.H. & T.P. Thayer (1946), Chromite deposits of the northern Coast Ranges of California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part 2, Chapter 1: 10-17, 32; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 153 (map 4-4), 156.
      • Mariposa Co.
    		Alfredo Petrov collection
      • Mendocino Co.
        • Red Mountain District
          • Red Mountain
    		www.mineralsocal.org
      • Monterey Co.
        • Los Burros District
    		Hart, E.W. (1966) Mines and mineral resources of Monterey County, California. California Division Mines and Geology County Report 5, 142 pp.: 31, 120; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 157.
      • Nevada Co.
        • Washington District (Omega District)
          • Washington
    		www.mineralsocal.org
      • San Benito Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • New Idria District
            • Clear Creek area
    		www.mineralsocal.org
    Mineralogical Record: 36(4): 337-363.
    Walker, G.W. & .B. Griggs (1953), Chromite deposits of the southern Coast Ranges of California: California Division of Mines Bulletin 134, pt. 2, chap. 2: 54, 55, 80, Pl. 3; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 157.
      • San Luis Obispo Co.
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 153 (map 4-4).
        • Cuesta Pass
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153.
    Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153.
      • San Mateo Co.
    		Minerals of California, 1983, Pemberton, H. E.
      • Santa Barbara Co.
        • San Rafael Mts
          • Cachuma District
    		Walker, G.W. & .B. Griggs (1953), Chromite deposits of the southern Coast Ranges of California: California Division of Mines Bulletin 134, pt. 2, chap. 2: 86; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 158.
    Walker, G.W. & .B. Griggs (1953), Chromite deposits of the southern Coast Ranges of California: California Division of Mines Bulletin 134, pt. 2, chap. 2: 40-88; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 158 (map 4-8).
      • Shasta Co.
        • Dunsmuir
          • Little Castle Creek area
    		Wells, F.G. and Hawkes, H.E. (1965) Chromite deposits of Shasta, Tehama, Trinity and Humboldt counties, California. California Division Mines and Geology Bulletin 134, part 1, chapter 3: 146-158; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 136; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 153 (map 4-4), 158.
      • Sierra Co.
        • Downieville area
    		Rynearson, Garn Arthur (1953), Geological investigations of chromite in California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part 3, chap. 5: 251-260, Pl. 13; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 158-159.
        • Forest area
    		Rynearson, G.A. (1953) California Division of Mines and Geology Bulletin 134, part 3, chapter 5: 259, 260, 316, Pl. 13; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 159.
      • Sonoma Co.
        • Russian River District
          • Guerneville
    		Henderson, F.B. (1969) Hydrothermal alteration and deposition in serpentine-type mercury deposits. Economic Geology: 64: 492; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 159.
      • Stanislaus Co.
        • Del Puerto area
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153 (map 4-4).
      • Tehama Co.
        • North Elder Creek
    		Rynearson, Garn Arthur (1946), Chromite deposits of the North Elder Creek area, Tehama County, California: USGS Bulletin 945-G: 200-201; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 159, 500.
      • Tuolumne Co.
        • Chinese Camp area
          • Beckwith Ranch Mines
    		Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 20; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 160.
    Averill, Charles V. (1943), Current notes on activity in the strategic minerals, Sacramento field district: California Division Mines Report 39: 320; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153 (map 4-4), 159, 160 (map 4-9).
    Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 19, 20; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 160 (map 4-9).
    www.mineralsocal.org
        • Jamestown District
    		Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 14; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 160.
    Averill, Charles V. (1943), Current notes on activity in the strategic minerals, Sacramento field district: California Division Mines Report 39: 320; Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 2: 12-13; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 159, 160.
    Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 1-32; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 160 (map 4-9).
        • Marsh Flat area
    		Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 16, 17; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 160.
        • Peoria Flat area
    		Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 26-29; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 160.
          • Grassley claims
    		Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 26-29; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 160 (map 4-9).
    Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 1-32 (20-26 ?), Pl. 1; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 160 (map 4-9).
    Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 30; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 160.
          • Ziehlke Claims group 1948 (Last Chance claim; Morning Glory claim; Murphy lease; Pereira property; C. M. Quigg lease on the Pereira property 1918; C and M Quigg lease)
    		Cater, F.W., Jr. (1948a), Chromite deposits of Tuolumne and Mariposa Counties, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, part III, Chapter 1: 25, 26; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 160.
      • Yuba Co.
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 153.
    • Colorado
      • Teller Co.
    		Min Rec 36:2 pp143-185; Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    • Maine
      • Oxford Co.
    		Anderson, 1991. Maine Mineral Localities, 2nd ed.
    • Maryland
      • Cecil Co.
        • State Line District
    		[MinRec 12:153]
      • Montgomery Co.
    		[MinRec 12:153]
    • New York
    		John H. Betts (2009) \"The minerals of New York City\", Rocks & Minerals, 84, 204-240.
    • North Carolina
      • Clay Co.
    		Forsyth Gem and Mineral Club
      • Jackson Co.
    Wilson,W.F and McKenzie,B.J,1978, Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina ,Information Circular 24
    • Pennsylvania
      • Lancaster Co.
        • Fulton Township
    		Mineralogical Record (1981): 12(3): 149-156.
    www.excaliburmineral.com
        • Little Britain Township
          • Texas
    		No reference listed
    • Vermont
      • Orleans & Lamoille Cos.
        • Lowell & Eden
    		Rocks & Min. 71(4):241
    • Virginia
      • Hanover Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    • Wyoming
      • Sweetwater Co.
    		Am Min 66:663-677
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