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Anthonyite

Big Photo

Villa Hermosa, Sonora, Mexico
© Van King

Formula:
Cu(OH,Cl)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Lavender
Hardness:2
Name:For John Williams Anthony (1920-1992), Professor of Mineralogy in the University of Tucson, Arizona, USA.
This page provides mineralogical data about Anthonyite.

Classification of Anthonyite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:3/D.01-80
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:3.DA.40

3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
A : With Cu, etc., without Pb
Dana 8th edition ID:6.2.6.1

6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
2 : X(OH)2
Hey's CIM Ref.:8.2.9

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
2 : Halides of Cu
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Type Occurrence of Anthonyite

Type Locality:Centennial Mine, Centennial, Houghton Co., Michigan, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:as prismatic crystals, commonly curved, to 1 cm; as crusts
Place of Conservation of Type Material:National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA (Nos. 142653 and 162617)
Year of Discovery:1963
Geological Setting of type material:In cavities and fractures in basalt, formed by the action of chlorine-bearing connate waters on copper
Associated Minerals at type locality:
TremoliteQuartzParatacamiteMonaziteEpidote
CupriteCopper

Physical Properties of Anthonyite

Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Colour:Lavender
Hardness (Mohs):2
Tenacity:Sectile
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
on {100}

Crystallography of Anthonyite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Morphology:prismatic crystals, commonly curved along [001]
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
5.84 (10)
4.14 (7)
3.99 (6)
3.44 (6)
2.87 (6)
3.18 (4)
Comments:Recorded on material from the type locality

Optical Data of Anthonyite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.526 nβ = 1.602 nγ = 1.602
2V:Measured: 3°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.076

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:relatively weak
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:X = rich lavender, Y = Z = deep smoky blue, Orientation: Y = b, Z vs. b = 13°

Chemical Properties of Anthonyite

Formula:
Cu(OH,Cl)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Cu, H, O
All elements listed in formula:Cl, Cu, H, O
Analytical Data:Analysis of material from the type locality; Cu determined by electrogravimetry, H2O/OH calculated from the charge balance
Cu (41.3)
AgCl (0.24)
Cl (6.3)
H2O + OH (35.5)
H2O (16.4)

sum 99.74 wt.-%
Empirical Formula:
Cu
 
1.00
[(OH)
 
1.72
Cl
 
0.28
]
 
=2.00
 · 2.80H
 
2
O

Relationship of Anthonyite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
3.DA.05Melanothallite
Cu
 
2
[O|Cl
 
2
]
3.DA.10aAtacamite
Cu
 
2
[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
3.DA.10bBotallackite
Cu
 
2
[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
3.DA.10bClinoatacamite
Cu
 
2
[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
3.DA.10aHibbingite
Fe
2+
2
[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
3.DA.10aKempite
Mn
2+
2
[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
3.DA.10cParatacamite
Cu
 
3
(Cu,Zn)[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
 
2
3.DA.10bBelloite
Cu[OH|Cl]
3.DA.10cHerbertsmithite
Cu
 
3
Zn[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
 
2
3.DA.10cKapellasite
Cu
 
3
Zn[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
 
2
3.DA.10cGillardite
Cu
 
3
NiCl
 
2
(OH)
 
6
3.DA.10cHaydeeite
Cu
 
3
Mg(OH)
 
6
Cl
 
2
3.DA.10dIMA2009-042
Cu
 
2
Cl(OH)
 
3
3.DA.15Claringbullite
Cu
 
4
[(OH)
 
7
|Cl] · nH
 
2
O
3.DA.20Simonkolleite
Zn
 
5
[(OH)
 
8
|Cl
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
3.DA.25Buttgenbachite
Cu
 
19
[(OH)
 
32
|(NO
 
3
)
 
2
|Cl
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
3.DA.25Connellite
Cu
 
19
[(OH)
 
32
|SO
 
4
|Cl
 
4
] · 3H
 
2
O
3.DA.30Abhurite
Sn
 
21
Cl
 
16
(OH)
 
14
O
 
6
3.DA.35Ponomarevite
K
 
4
Cu
 
4
[O|Cl
 
10
]
3.DA.40Calumetite
Cu(OH,Cl)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
3.DA.45Khaidarkanite
Na
 
0.34
Cu
 
4
Al
 
3
(OH)
 
14
F
 
3
·2H
 
2
O
3.DA.50Bobkingite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
8
|Cl
 
2
] · 2H
 
2
O
3.DA.55Avdoninite
K
 
2
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
4
|Cl
 
8
] · H
 
2
O
3.DA.60Droninoite
Ni
 
3
Fe
3+
 
Cl(OH)
 
8
·2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
8.2.1Nantokite
CuCl
8.2.2Tolbachite
CuCl
 
2
8.2.3Eriochalcite
CuCl
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
8.2.4Atacamite
Cu
 
2
[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
8.2.5Paratacamite
Cu
 
3
(Cu,Zn)[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
 
2
8.2.6Botallackite
Cu
 
2
[(OH)
 
3
|Cl]
8.2.7Melanothallite
Cu
 
2
[O|Cl
 
2
]
8.2.8Calumetite
Cu(OH,Cl)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
8.2.10Claringbullite
Cu
 
4
[(OH)
 
7
|Cl] · nH
 
2
O
8.2.11Marshite
CuI
8.2.12Mitscherlichite
K
 
2
[CuCl
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
8.2.13Ponomarevite
K
 
4
Cu
 
4
[O|Cl
 
10
]

Other Names for Anthonyite

Other Languages:
German:Anthonyit
Spanish:Anthonyita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Anthonyite

Reference List:Williams, S. A. (1963): Anthonyite and calumetite, two new minerals from the Michigan copper district. American Mineralogist 48, 614-619.

Anthony, J. W. et al. (1997): Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. 3, 18.

Internet Links for Anthonyite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Anthonyite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Anthonyite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Anthonyite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Germany
     
    • Hesse
      • North Hesse
        • Richelsdorf District
          • Süss
            • Richelsdorf Smelter
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
    		Schnorrer-Köhler, G. (1986): Neufunde in den Schlacken von Lavrion. LAPIS 11 (6), 25-29
          • Thorikos area
    		No reference listed
    Mexico
     
    • Sonora
    		J. W. Anthony et al.: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. 3 (1997), 18
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
            • Bisbee
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 114; Graeme, R. (1981), Famous mineral localities: Bisbee, AZ, Min.Rec.: 12: 256-319.
    • Michigan
      • Houghton Co.
        • Centennial
    		Am.Min.:48:614 (1963); Williams (1963); Rocks & Min.:58:109.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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