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Mckinstryite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About MckinstryiteHide

09982460015839707262970.jpg
Hugh E. McKinstry
Formula:
Ag5-xCu3+xS4
x ≈ 0-0.28
Colour:
Steel gray
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
1½ - 2½
Specific Gravity:
6.61
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in honor of Hugh Exton McKinstry (5 May 1896, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA - 30 June 1961), Professor of Geology, Harvard University, "in recognition of his many contributions to the geology and geochemistry of precious and base-metal deposits." Among other roles, he was president of the Society of Economic Geologists.
Low-temperature sulphide, often associated with the chemically related stromeyerite and jalpaite.
Formula previously given in a simplified way as (Ag,Cu)2S, now revised to ~Ag5Cu3S4 on the basis of a crystal structure solution (Kolitsch, 2010).


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2619
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2619:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
c5de78c2-1ca8-4260-a4df-cbfa487f5b5a

IMA Classification of MckinstryiteHide

Classification of MckinstryiteHide

2.BA.40

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
2.4.5.1

2 : SULFIDES
4 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
3.2.11

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
2 : Sulphides etc. of Ag

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
MckIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of MckinstryiteHide

Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Steel gray
Comment:
Tarnishes to dark gray to black
Streak:
Dark steel-gray
Hardness:
1½ - 2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN25=43 - 45 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
One poor direction.
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
6.61 g/cm3 (Measured)    6.57 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of MckinstryiteHide

Anisotropism:
Strong in gray, pale grayish blue and light tan.
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1R2
400nm34.0%40.1%
420nm34.0%39.5%
440nm33.9%39.8%
460nm33.7%37.8%
480nm32.9%36.6%
500nm31.9%35.3%
520nm31.0%34.2%
540nm30.2%33.3%
560nm29.6%32.4%
580nm29.1%31.7%
600nm28.7%31.1%
620nm28.5%30.5%
640nm28.2%30.1%
660nm27.9%29.4%
680nm27.6%28.8%
700nm27.4%28.4%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 40.1%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Light grayish white.

Chemistry of MckinstryiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ag5-xCu3+xS4

x ≈ 0-0.28

Crystallography of MckinstryiteHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 14.043 Å, b = 7.803 Å, c = 15.677 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.8 : 1 : 2.009
Unit Cell V:
1,717.85 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Granular aggregates.
Comment:
Cell data for type material.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0014598MckinstryiteKolitsch U (2010) The crystal structure and compositional range of mckinstryite Mineralogical Magazine 74 73-842010Clara Mine, Black Forest, Germany0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.606 Å(100)
2.070 Å(70)
3.51 Å(60)
3.06 Å(60)
2.862 Å(60)
1.948 Å(50)
2.567 Å(40)
Comments:
Foster mine, Cobalt, Canada. The data are from the type description.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Geological Setting:
Low temperature hydrothermal deposits.

Type Occurrence of MckinstryiteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Masses of intergrown crystals 0.2 to 3 mm in diameter.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Canada, number 12136 (holotype).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 120056 (type).
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, number 108804.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Ag-Co-Ni-Cu deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Skinner, B.J., Jambor, J.L. and Ross, M. (1966) Mckinstryite, a new copper-silver sulfide. Economic Geology: 61: 1383-1389.

Synonyms of MckinstryiteHide

Other Language Names for MckinstryiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
1 photo of Mckinstryite associated with VateriteCaCO3
1 photo of Mckinstryite associated with JalpaiteAg3CuS2
1 photo of Mckinstryite associated with SphaleriteZnS
1 photo of Mckinstryite associated with QuartzSiO2
1 photo of Mckinstryite associated with SilverAg
1 photo of Mckinstryite associated with IodargyriteAgI

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.BA.Orileyite(Fe,Cu)2As
2.BA.AlburniteAg8GeTe2S4Iso.
2.BA.DzierĆŒanowskiteCaCu2S2Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1
2.BA.MakotoiteAg12(Cu3Au)S8Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
2.BA.XuwenyuaniteAg9Fe3+Te2S4Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.BA.05ChalcociteCu2SMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.BA.05DjurleiteCu31S16Mon. 2/m
2.BA.05GeeriteCu8S5Trig. 3
2.BA.05RoxbyiteCu9S5Tric. 1 : P1
2.BA.10AniliteCu7S4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.BA.10DigeniteCu9S5Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
2.BA.15BorniteCu5FeS4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
2.BA.20BellidoiteCu2SeTet. 4/m : P42/n
2.BA.20BerzelianiteCu2-xSe (x ≈ 0.12)Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
2.BA.25AthabascaiteCu5Se4Orth.
2.BA.25UmangiteCu3Se2Tet. 4 2m : P4 21m
2.BA.30RickarditeCu7Te5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn
2.BA.30WeissiteCu2-xTeHex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mmm
2.BA.35AcanthiteAg2SMon. 2/m : P21/m
2.BA.35SpryiteAg8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6Orth. mm2 : Pna21
2.BA.40StromeyeriteAgCuSOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.BA.40dUM2003-13-S:AgAuCuAg6AuCu2S5
2.BA.42HoneaiteAu3TlTe2 Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcm
2.BA.45JalpaiteAg3CuS2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
2.BA.45KuriliteAg8Te3SeTrig. 3 : R3
2.BA.45SelenojalpaiteAg3CuSe2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
2.BA.47Spiridonovite(Cu1-xAgx)2TeTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3c1
2.BA.50EucairiteAgCuSeOrth.
2.BA.50WuyanzhiiteCu2STet. 4 2 2 : P43 21 2
2.BA.52ArgentiteAg2SIso.
2.BA.55AguilariteAg4SeSMon. 2/m
2.BA.55NaumanniteAg2SeOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
2.BA.60CervelleiteAg4TeSMon. 2/m
2.BA.60HessiteAg2TeMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.BA.60ChenguodaiteAg9Fe3+Te2S4Orth.
2.BA.65Henryite(Cu,Ag)3+xTe2 , with x ~ 0.40 Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3c
2.BA.65StĂŒtziteAg5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36Hex. 6 : P6
2.BA.70ArgyroditeAg8GeS6Orth. mm2 : Pna21
2.BA.70CanfielditeAg8SnS6Orth. mm2
2.BA.70Putzite(Cu4.7Ag3.3)GeS6Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.BA.75FischesseriteAg3AuSe2Iso. 4 3 2 : I41 3 2
2.BA.75Penzhinite(Ag,Cu)4Au(S,Se)4Hex. 6 2 2 : P63 2 2
2.BA.75PetrovskaiteAuAgSMon.
2.BA.75PetziteAg3AuTe2Iso. 4 3 2 : I41 3 2
2.BA.75UytenbogaardtiteAg3AuS2Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
2.BA.80Bezsmertnovite(Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb)Orth.
2.BA.80BilibinskitePbCu2Au3Te2Iso.
2.BA.80Bogdanovite(Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe)Iso.

Other InformationHide

Thermal Behaviour:
Stable below 94.4 degrees C.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for MckinstryiteHide

References for MckinstryiteHide

Reference List:

Localities for MckinstryiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina
 
  • Catamarca Province
    • BelĂ©n Department
      • HualfĂ­n
MĂĄrquez-ZavalĂ­a et al. (2016)
  • Santa Cruz Province
    • Deseado Department
Mugas Lobos et al. (2020)
    • Lago Buenos Aires Department
Permuy Vidal et al. (2016)
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Yancowinna Co.
      • Broken Hill district
Birch (1999)
  • Western Australia
    • City of Karratha
      • Karratha
Marshall (2001)
Austria
 
  • Salzburg
    • Zell am See District
      • Leogang
        • HĂŒtten
          • Schwarzleograben
Exel (1993)
R.Poeverlein (2016)
Bolivia
 
  • PotosĂ­
    • Chayanta Province
      • Colquechaca Municipality
Dr. Werner Paar analyses
Brazil
 
  • ParĂĄ
    • CurionĂłpolis
Berni et al. (2016)
Bulgaria
 
  • Vratsa Province
    • Balkan Mts (Stara Planina)
ATANASSOVA +4 other references
Canada
 
  • Northwest Territories
    • North Slave Region
      • Great Bear Lake
Tyson (1989)
Robinson et al. (1971)
  • Ontario
    • Timiskaming District
      • Cobalt-Gowganda region
159-161. +1 other reference
          • Coleman Township
Dana 7:I:343. +1 other reference
Richard Gunter
  • QuĂ©bec
    • Abitibi-TĂ©miscamingue
      • Abitibi RCM
Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or +1 other reference
Chile
 
  • Atacama
    • CopiapĂł Province
      • Tierra Amarilla
        • PabellĂłn
          • Sierra JardĂ­n
Econ Geol (1987)
China
 
  • Jilin
    • Siping
      • Lishu County
Dong Zhensheng et al. (1996) +1 other reference
  • Shandong
    • Yantai
      • Zhaoyuan City
Xiang-Ping Gu et al. (2003)
  • Shanxi
    • Datong
      • Lingqiu County
Xiumei Xiao (1992) +3 other references
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Pƙíbram District
      • MilĂ­n
Ć kĂĄcha et al. (2019)
      • Vrančice
[Lapis 1995
Ć ulcovĂĄ et al. (1986)
Egypt
 
  • Red Sea Governorate
Faisal et al. (2021)
Canadian Mineralogist Feb. 1999 +1 other reference
Germany
 
  • Baden-WĂŒrttemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Oberwolfach
Kolitsch et al. (2010)
  • Lower Saxony
Schnorrer-Köhler (1988)
Indonesia
 
  • West Java Province
    • Bogor Regency
Syafrizal +5 other references
Japan
 
  • Akita Prefecture
    • Odate
Suji Ohno & Juichi Sato Ganko Vol. 90 (1995)
  • Hokkaidƍ Prefecture
    • Ishikari Subprefecture
Shimizu et al. (1998)
  • Hyogo Prefecture
    • Kawabe District
      • Inagawa-cho
Imai et al. (1972) +2 other references
  • Niigata Prefecture
    • Sado City
Taguchi et al. (1974)
  • Shimane Prefecture
    • ƌda City
Akasaka (2007)
Akasaka et al. (2007, August) +1 other reference
Kazakhstan
 
  • Kostanay Region
    • Rudny
Pekov et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
  • Pavlodar Region
Anthony et al. (1990)
Malaysia
 
  • Pahang
    • Pekan District
Basori et al. (2021)
Basori et al. (2021)
  • Sarawak
    • Kuching Division
      • Bau
Wolfram Dieter Schuh (1993)
Mexico
 
  • Chihuahua
    • ChĂ­nipas Municipality
      • Palmarejo
Sotelo (2016)
Namibia
 
  • Oshikoto Region
    • Tsumeb
Desor (11/2020)
New Zealand
 
  • Waikato Region
    • Hauraki District
Fyfe (2014)
Fyfe (2014)
Simpson et al. (2011)
Norway
 
  • Nordland
    • Hemnes
      • Bleikvasslia
Cook et al. (1998)
  • TrĂžndelag
    • Grong
      • Godejorda
BergstĂžl et al. (1974)
    • Trondheim
      • Bymarka
StĂžrseth (2016)
Peru
 
  • Ayacucho
    • Parinacochas Province
Gamarra-Urrunaga et al. (2013)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
PiestrzyƄski et al. (2012)
    • Lubin County
Kucha H. 2007: Mineralogia kruszcowa i ...
Kozub-BudzyƄ et al. (2018)
Russia
 
  • Altai Krai
    • Zmeinogorsky District
Sejkora et al. (2023)
  • Buryatia
    • Okinsky District
Damdinov et al. (2018)
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Verkhneuralsky District
      • Uzelga VHMS deposits
Maslennikov et al. (2013)
  • Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
    • Anadyrsky District
Savva et al. (2011)
  • Magadan Oblast
    • Omsukchansky District
      • Primorskoe deposit
Savva et al. (2019)
Volkov et al. (2018)
    • Srednekansky District
Savva et al. (2011)
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Voron'i Tundry
A. A. Kalinin et al. (2016)
  • Zabaykalsky Krai
    • Gazimuro-Zavodsky District
      • Lugokan ore cluster
Redin et al. (2020)
    • Kalarsky District
      • Kodar–Udokan ore district
        • Udokan
Novoselov et al. (2020)
Saudi Arabia
 
  • Al-Qassim Region
Bakhsh (2018)
Bakhsh (2018)
Slovakia
 
  • BanskĂĄ Bystrica Region
    • BanskĂĄ Ć tiavnica District
HĂĄber M. et al. (1994)
Sweden
 
  • GĂ€vleborg County
    • Sandviken
GFF (1984)
  • Örebro County
    • HĂ€llefors
      • Grythyttan
  • VĂ€rmland County
    • Arvika
      • Glava
Bonev et al. (2005)
Turkey
 
  • Balikesir Province
    • Sindirgi District
Blanks et al. (2014)
  • GĂŒmĂŒĆŸhane Province
Beih. z. Eur. J. Mineral 18 (2006)
USA
 
  • Alaska
    • Juneau
      • Admiralty Mining District
Taylor
  • Arizona
    • Cochise County
Anthony et al. (1995)
  • Colorado
    • Clear Creek County
      • Georgetown District
Eckel et al. (1997)
        • Illinois Mine
American Mineralogist: 53: 1530-1542 +1 other reference
    • Mineral County
      • Creede Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
Foley +4 other references
  • Nevada
    • Nye County
Castor et al. (2004)
  • New Mexico
    • Catron County
      • Mogollon Mountains
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Grant County
      • Big Burro Mountains
        • Black Hawk Mining District
[Rocks & Minerals Vol 68 March/April ...
[Rocks & Minerals Vol 68 March/April ...
Uzbekistan
 
  • Namangan Region
Kozlov et al. (1996)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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