Manganese Oxides

Neer Road, Goble, Columbia Co., Oregon, USA
© Karl Volkman05/05

Name:	A generic name given to manganese oxides and hydroxides of mixed composition.
Synonym of:	Akhtenskite, Asbolane, Birnessite, Buserite, Coronadite, Cryptomelane, Feitknechtite, Groutite, Hausmannite, Hollandite, Manganite, Psilomelane, Pyrochroite, Pyrolusite, Ramsdellite, Ranciéite, Romanèchite, Todorokite, Wad

A review on these minerals has been published by Post (1999).

Classification of Manganese Oxides

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Other Names for Manganese Oxides

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Varieties:

Manganese Dendrites

Other Information

Health Warning:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Manganese Oxides

Reference List:

Post, J. E. (1999): Manganese oxide minerals: crystal structures and economic and environmental significance. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 96, 3447-3454.

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Localities for Manganese Oxides

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(TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.


Argentina
Mendoza Uspallata Paramillos de Uspallata	Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina. Vol. 1 (elements, sulphides and sulphosalts). (Asociacion Mineralogica Argentina)
San Luis Coronel Pringles Department El Trapiche	[var: Manganese Dendrites]

Australia
New South Wales Cunningham Co. Fifield Boxdale Mine	Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets
Kaolin Shaft	Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets
Lemprieres Prospect	Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets
Moorefield Prospect	Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets
Trundle Copper Hill Mine	Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets
Valley Prospect	Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets
Narromine Co. Peak Hill Airstrip Prospect	Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets
Northern Territory Harts Ranges (Hartz Ranges) Rex Mine	[var: Manganese Dendrites] www.fossicking.com.au/fossicking_in_NT/fossicking_and_mining_07.htm
Western Australia Keep it Dark	Lead, Zinc and Silver Deposits of Western Australia, 1999
Pilbara Region Wodgina Wodgina pegmatite	Mason, B. & Dunn, P.J. (1974): An unusual occurrence of Bobierrite at Wodgina, Western Australia. Mineralogical Record 5 (6): 265
Ravensthorpe Shire Ravensthorpe West Kundip prospect	Galaxy Resources Ltd. Media Release, 28 April 2008.
Telfer Mine	Downes, P. J., Hope, M., Bevan, A. W. R. and Henry, D. A. (2006): Chalcocite and associated secondary minerals from the Telfer gold mine, Western Australia. Austral. J. Mineral. 12, 25-42.

Austria
Burgenland Großpetersdorf Badersdorf Holler quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] http://www.badersdorf.at/Wirtschaft/holler/minerale.htm
Lower Austria Bisamberg Mt. Flysch quarries	Uwe Kolitsch observation
Salzburg Hohe Tauern Mts Untersulzbach valley Hochfeld Mine	Lewandowski, K., Lerch, H. & Seemann, R. (2006): Chronik - Schaubergwerk Hochfeld "Bergbau im Untersulzbachtal – Eine fast vergessene Welt" Die 500-jährige Geschichte des Kupferbergbaus am Hochfeld im Untersulzbachtal. Zukunftskollegium Nationalpark Hohe Tauern, Neukirchen a. G., 288 pp.
Radstadt St Martin Korein Mt. - Frommerkogel Mt. area	Poeverlein, R. (1990): Mineralien der Koreinhöhe. Mineral. Arch. Salzburg, 2, 41.
Tyrol North Tyrol Lechtaler Alpen Mts Biberwier Fernpass area Silberleithe (Silberleithen; Silberleiten)	Wolkersdorfer, C., Göbel, J., Hasche-Berger, A. & Hanneberg, A. (2007): Führer zum Montan-Wanderweg Silberleithe. – 79 S.
Sill valley (Wipp valley) Navis valley Klammbach valley Lizumer Reckner Mt.	Natural History Museum Vienna collection
Vorarlberg Montafon Vandans Rells valley Vilifau Alp	Niedermayr, G. et al. (2008): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVII. Carinthia II, 198./118.: 223-274.

Belgium
Luxembourg Province Stavelot Massif Vielsalm Salm-Château Le Coreux	E.-J. Bernhardt et al.: Eur. J. Min. 17(5):703–714 (2005)

Bolivia
La Paz Department Pacajes Province Berenguela District Manco Capac Mine (Nelly Mine)	USGS Bulletin # 1975, p. 247.
San José de Berenguela Mine (Elisa Mine; Hucurani Mine)	USGS Bulletin # 1975, p. 247.
Oruro Department Cabrera Province Salinas de Garci Mendoza San Miguel Mine (Margarita mine)	USGS Bulletin # 1975, p. 150 & 248 (1992)
Carangas Province Todos Santos District Negrillos Mine (Pacocollo; La Plata)	USGS Bulletin # 1975, p. 247.
Todos Santos Mine	USGS Bulletin # 1975, p. 248.
Potosí Department Antonio Quijarro Province Tolapampa Cosuña volcanic complex	Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998) Los Minerales de Bolivia y sus Parajes. (Santa Cruz)
Villa Anta	Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998) Los Minerales de Bolivia y sus Parajes. (Santa Cruz)
Nor Lípez Province Puntillas mine	USGS Bulletin # 1975; USGS Bulletin # 1975
Sud Lípez Province Cerro Morokho Morokho mine (Himalaya mine)	Salomon Rivas & Federico Ahlfeld (1998) Los Minerales de Bolivia y sus Parajes. (Santa Cruz)
Jaquehua Mine (Jaquegua Mine)	Rivas & Ahlfeld 1998
San Antonio de Lípez Mesa de Plata Mine	Federico Ahlfeld y Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964) Los Yacimientos Minerales y de Hidrocarburos de Bolivia. (Ministerio de Minas y Petroleo, La Paz)

Brazil
North Region Pará Carajás mineral province Curionópolis Serra Pelada (Serra Leste) Au-(Pd-Pt) deposit	Grainger, C.J., Groves, D.I., Tallarico, F.H.B., and Fletcher, I.R. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 33, 451-489.
Southeast Region Minas Gerais Doce valley Governador Valadares Golconda pegmatite	[var: Manganese Dendrites]
Iron Quadrangle Nova Lima Aguas Claras Mine	Spier, C.A., Barros de Oliveira, S.M., Rosière, C.A., and Ardisson, J.D. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 229-254.
Capão Xavier Mine	Spier, C.A., Barros de Oliveira, S.M., Rosière, C.A., and Ardisson, J.D. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 229-254.

Bulgaria
Haskovo Oblast (Khaskovo Oblast) Rhodope Mts Obichnik Au-Ag deposit	Kunov, A. & Mandova, E. (1997): Supergene minerals of the Obichnik Au-Ag deposit (Eastern Rhodopes). Spisanie na Bulgarskoto Geologichesko Druzhestvo 58, 19-24. (in Bulgarian)

Canada
Ontario Renfrew Co. Lyndoch Township Quadeville Beryl Pit	www.ontariominerals.com/berylpit.htm

China
Anhui Province Anqing Prefecture Zongyang Co. Luzong Mining District Dalongshan-Zongyang massif Dalongshan U deposit	Dahlkamp, F.J., Ed. (2009): Uranium Deposits of the World. Springer (Berlin, Heidelberg), pp. 31-156.
Chizhou Prefecture Guichi District Datong Mn deposit	Kamitani, M., Okumura, K., Teraoka, Y., Miyano, S., and Watanabe, Y. (2007): Mineral Resources Map of East Asia. Geological Survey of Japan.
Gansu (Ganzu) Province Lanzhou Prefecture Gaolan Co. Baiyinchang ore field	http://www.mincomining.com/i/pdf/MMM43101-07.pdf
Guizhou Province Bijie Prefecture Nayong Co.	Ping Liu, Kehua Ying, Guanglong Yang, Zhenglie Fan, Xiaohong Li, Chengheng Huang, Debing Zhu, and Xing Xiong (2007): Geology And Mineral Resources of South China [Huanan Dizhi Yu Kuangchan] 2007(1), 21-27.
Liupanshui Prefecture Shuicheng Co.	Ping Liu, Kehua Ying, Guanglong Yang, Zhenglie Fan, Xiaohong Li, Chengheng Huang, Debing Zhu, and Xing Xiong (2007): Geology And Mineral Resources of South China [Huanan Dizhi Yu Kuangchan] 2007(1), 21-27.
Hubei Province Xiaogan Prefecture Dawu Co. Huangmailing Mine	Chernoff, C.B., and Orris, G.J. (2002): USGS Open-file report 02-156-A.
Liaoning Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region) Huludao Prefecture Jianchang Co. Bajiazi Zn-Pb-Ag deposit Binggou section	Yiming Zhao, Yongguan Dong, Daxin Li, and Chengsi Bi (2003): Ore Geology Reviews 23, 153-182.
Dongfeng section	Yiming Zhao, Yongguan Dong, Daxin Li, and Chengsi Bi (2003): Ore Geology Reviews 23, 153-182.
Hongqi section	Yiming Zhao, Yongguan Dong, Daxin Li, and Chengsi Bi (2003): Ore Geology Reviews 23, 153-182.
Lugou section	Yiming Zhao, Yongguan Dong, Daxin Li, and Chengsi Bi (2003): Ore Geology Reviews 23, 153-182.
Sichuan Province Liangshan Autonomous Prefecture Dechang Co. Dalucao REE deposit	Zengqian Hou, Shihong Tian, Yuling Xie, Zhusen Yang, Zhongxin Yuan, Shuping Yin, Longsheng Yi, Hongcai Fei, Tianren Zou, Ge Bai, and Xiaoyu Li (2009): Ore Geology Reviews (in press)
Mianning Co. Maoniuping REE deposit	Zengqian Hou, Shihong Tian, Yuling Xie, Zhusen Yang, Zhongxin Yuan, Shuping Yin, Longsheng Yi, Hongcai Fei, Tianren Zou, Ge Bai, and Xiaoyu Li (2009): Ore Geology Reviews (in press)
Yunnan Province Dehong Autonomous Prefecture Luxi Co. Shangmanggang fault zone	Rao Wenbo, Gao Zhenmin, Yang Zhusen, and Luo Taiyi (2004): Journal of Geochemical Exploration 84(3), 105-125.

Czech Republic
Moravia (Mähren; Maehren) South Moravia Region Tišnov Dřínová	Dolníček Z. a Buriánek D. (1997): Hydrotermální mineralizace v lomu Dřínová u Tišnova. – Acta Mus. Moraviae, Sci. Geol., 82, 33-43.

Denmark
Jylland Farsø Ertebølle Ertebølle Hoved	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Bert de Ruiter

Egypt
Red Sea Governorate Eastern Desert Marsa Alam Nuweibi Complex	Helba, H., Trumbull, R.B., Morteani, G., Khalil, S.O., and Arslan, A. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 164-179.
Um Ara	Abd El-Naby, H.H. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 436-446.

France
Alsace Haut-Rhin Cernay Steinbach Herrenstube Mine (Herrenstube vein)	J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
Thérèse Mine (Kessel vein)	J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
Lauch Valley Soultz-Haut-Rhin Wuenheim	[var: Manganese Dendrites] J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
Thur Valley (Thann Valley) Fellering Rammersbach Valley	J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
Thann Finsterbach Valley (Kaltenbaechel Valley) Blaise Stucker Mine (Kessel vein)	J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
Fuchs vein	J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
Neuberg Mine (Herrenstube vein)	J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
Urbès Steingraben Mine	J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
Auvergne Allier Ébreuil Échassières	Nicolas, J. & de Rosen, A. (1963): Le massif granitique des Colettes (Allier) et ses mineralizations. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 86, 126-128.
Lorraine Vosges La-Croix-aux-Mines District Haute-Mandray	J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994

Germany
Bavaria Franconia Fichtelgebirge Wunsiedel Göpfersgrün Johannes Mine	[var: Manganese Dendrites] F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke", 2nd ed., Oberfränkische Verlagsanstalt (Hof), 1984
Sinatengrün Marble quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke", 2nd ed., Oberfränkische Verlagsanstalt (Hof), 1984
Spessart Mts Schöllkrippen Sommerkahl Rosa Mine	www.haldengraeber.de/Homepage/Fundstellen/Deutschland/Spessart/Rosa/Rosa.html
Lower Bavaria Eichstätt Blumenberg Mt. Limestone quarries	[var: Manganese Dendrites] S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
Solnhofen Limestone quarries	[var: Manganese Dendrites] S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
Upper Palatinate Oberpfälzer Wald Weiden Oberhöll Fischerberg Mt.	[var: Manganese Dendrites] S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
Hesse North Hesse Sachsenhausen Nieder-Werbe Wachenfeld Quarry	www.haldengraeber.de/Homepage/Fundstellen/Deutschland/Nordhessen/Wachenfeld/wachenfeld.html
Taunus Mts Usingen Altweilnau Emilie II Mine	www.haldengraeber.de/Homepage/Fundstellen/Deutschland/Taunus/hexentisch/hexentisch.html
North Rhine-Westphalia Aachen Stolberg Gressenich BSR Gravel works quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] found by FdW
Münsterland Steinfurt Wettringen Wettringen limestone works	[var: Manganese Dendrites] bert.deruiter@gmail.com
Rhineland-Palatinate Bad Bergzabern Petronell Mt. Iron mines	P Haas, collected 09/2006
Saxony Dresden Wurgwitz Porphyrite quarry	http://www.geologica-saxonica.de/52-53/05_Dietze.pdf
Erzgebirge Marienberg District Lauta Fluorite mine (Shaft 139)	LANGE, R. (2000): Der Bergbau auf Flussspat in Marienberg/Erzgebirge, 1955-1958, Author's own edition, ISBN 3-00-006719-1
Schleswig-Holstein Plön Bösdorf - Bad Malente area Gravel pits (Kreuzfeld; Niederkleveez; Vierth)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] A. Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001
Thuringia Thuringian Forest Ilmenau Schobse valley Gehren Manganese mine	http://www.tlug-jena.de/start/publications/books/untertage_lese.html
Schorte valley (Schurde) Oehrenstock (Öhrenstock) Volle Rose mine	http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaubergwerk_Volle_Rose

Greece
Aegean Islands (Aiyaíon) Department Kykládes Prefecture Cyclade Islands (Cyclades; Kikladhes; Nomos Kikladhon) Milos Island (Melos) Profitis Ilias Au deposit	Kilias, S.P., Naden, J., Cheliotis, I., Shepherd, T.J., Constandinidou, H., Crossing, J., and Simos, I. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 32-44.
Macedonia Department Dráma Prefecture Kato Nevrokopi basin	http://www.cim.org/geosoc/emgVol6-02.cfm#2

Hungary
Baranya Co. Mecsek Mts. Pécs Kozári Quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Mineral Species of Hugary, 2005
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co. Bükk Mts. Bükkszentlászló Messzelátó Hill	Szakáll-Gatter-Szendrei: Mineral Species of Hungary, 2006
Rudabányai Mts. Rudabánya	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
Fejér Co. Szár Hill Kőszárhegy Kőszárhegy Quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
Heves Co. Mátra Mts. Gyöngyösoroszi Károlyvár	Geoda
Száraz-patak	Book: 100 collecting sites of Hungary
Gyöngyöstarján Füledugó Quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] GEODA
Komárom-Esztergom Co. Gerecse Mts. Tatabánya Keselő Hill	[var: Manganese Dendrites] GEODA/2001
Nógrád Co. Mátra Mts. Mátrakeresztes	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005

Iran
West Azarbaijan Province Takab (Takan Tepe) Agh-Darreh Mine (Agdarreh Mine)	Daliran, F. (2008): The carbonate rock-hosted epithermal gold deposit of Agdarreh, Takab geothermal field, NW Iran—hydrothermal alteration and mineralisation. Mineralium Deposita, 43, 383-404

Italy
Lombardy Lecco Province Cesana Brianza Alpetto Quarry	Alessandro Tagliaferri collection
Piedmont Biella Province Cervo Valley Quittengo Cascine Machetto Machetto Alp Mine	De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
Torino Province Orco Valley Sparone Apparé	ME Ciriotti; Minnigh, L.D. (1978a): Petrological and structural investigations of the Sparone area in the Orco valley (southern Sesia-Lanzo border zone, western Italian Alps). University of Leiden Dissertation, 121 pp.
Feilongo	Benna, P., Pognante, U., Malarico, F. (1988): Incomplete blueschist re-crystallization in high-grade metamorphics from the Sesia-Lanzo unit (Vasario-Sparone sub-unit, Western Alps): a case history of metastability. Lithos, 21, 129-142.
Sicily Enna Province Pietraperzia Cane Mount	Gaetano Sicurella collection (2006)
Tuscany Grosseto Province Semproniano Catabbio "La Fuliggine" ditch	Innocenti F., Bartolozzi S., 2004. I minerali del Fosso "La Fuliggine presso Catabbio (Semproniano, Grosseto). Riv. Miner. Ital., 2: 78-86.
Lucca Province Borgo a Mozzano Valdottavo Vendoia Quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] C. Biagioni
Pisa Province Chianni Poggio al Ferro	Orlandi P., (2005). "Geositi minerari e mineralogici della provincia di Pisa" in La geologia della provincia di Pisa. Cartografia, geositi e banche dati, pp. 55-280, Provincia di Pisa, 2005
Poggio Meletro	Orlandi P., (2005). "Geositi minerari e mineralogici della provincia di Pisa" in La geologia della provincia di Pisa. Cartografia, geositi e banche dati, pp. 55-280, Provincia di Pisa, 2005
Santa Luce Pastina	Orlandi P., (2005). "Geositi minerari e mineralogici della provincia di Pisa" in La geologia della provincia di Pisa. Cartografia, geositi e banche dati, pp. 55-280, Provincia di Pisa, 2005

Japan
Honshu Island Chubu region Nagano prefecture Ohtaki mine (Otaki)	H. Momoi (1964) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 15, #1, 39-63.
Kanto Region Gunma Prefecture Kiryuu City Mogurazawa mine	Alfredo Petrov collection
Kyushu Island Miyazaki prefecture Takachiho Akimoto mine	wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
Nagasaki Prefecture Nishisonogi-gun Muramatsu-mura	Mem. Fac. Sci., Kyushu University, Ser. D, 5, 185-198 (1957)
Nansei Archipelago Okinawa Prefecture Okinawa Island Naha District Tomigusuku-son Kakazu	Field trip observations, Alfredo Petrov.
Shikoku Island Ehime Prefecture Hokoku mine	H. Momoi (1964) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 15, #1, 39-63.

Malawi
Balaka District Kangankunde hill	Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.

Malta
Malta Island Mgarr	ex- Jeff Weissman collection

Namibia
Otjozondjupa Region Otjiwarongo District Okorusu Mine (Okarusu Mine)	Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573.

Pacific Ocean
Japan Sea North Yamato rise	Astakhova, N.V., and Mel\'nichenko, Y.I. (2002): Lithology and Mineral Resources 37(1), 39-46.

Papua New Guinea
Morobe Province Wamum prospect	Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.

Paraguay
Paraguarí Department Yaguaron deposit	Geological Survey Professional Paper 327 (USGS, 1959)

Peru
Moquegua Department Mariscal Nieto Province Tala Quellaveco Mine	Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.

Poland
Świętokrzyskie Świętokrzyskie Mts (Holy Cross Mts) Kielce District Chęciny Miedzianka	Rubinowski, Z. (1955): New observations of mineralization in Miedzianka Swietokrzyska (Central Poland). Przeglad Geol. 3, 299-301.

Portugal
Madeira District Madeira Island Ponta de São Lourenço	Uwe Kolitsch collection

Russia
Eastern-Siberian Region Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia) Oimyakon ulus Suntar-Khayata Range Kongor river Vysokogornoe Mn deposit	Pavel M. Kartashov data
Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye) Buriatia (Buryatia) Republic Cheremshanka deposit	Tsarev, D.I., Khrustalev, V.K., Gal’chenko, V.I., and Ayurzhanaeva, D.T. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(4), 297-307.
Urals Region Southern Urals Chelyabinsk Oblast' Magnitogorsk Sakhara (Sakharin) District Sakhara massif Sakhara Nickel mine	Mikhailov, B.M. (2000): Lithology and Mineral Resources 35(4), 351-364.

Slovakia
Košice Region Southern Slanské Mts Dargov	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Alfred Passath Collection

South Africa
KwaZulu-Natal Province Durban Bellair Coedmore quarries (Coedmore quarry)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Heron, H.D.C. (1990/1991). A note on manganese dendrite and oxide masses from selected Natal localities. Micro News and Views, 17(1):2-6 and 17(2):2-4); Heron, H.D.C. (1996). Leached assemblages in dolerite boulders from level 3 NE at Coedmore Quarries, Durban. Unpublished report for the Quarry Management.
Cato Manor Umbilo Valley Ridgeview quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Heron, 1991). Locality Data Sheet (ML23): Ridgeview Quarry. Issued together with Micro News and Views 18(2) (1992).
Umhlatuzana valley Clairwood Quarries	Heron, H.D.C. (1990/1991). A note on manganese dendrite and oxide masses from selected Natal localities. Micro News and Views, 17(1): 2-6, 17(2): 2-4
Northern Cape Province Kalahari manganese fields Kuruman N'Chwaning Mines N'Chwaning III Mine	Geoff Krasnov collection

Spain
Andalusia Almería Níjar Cape Gata	Carlos Calvet specimen

Switzerland
Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden) Engadin Piz Corvatsch Murtel	Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 317.

Turkey
Aegean Region Izmir Province Izmir Efemçukuru Au deposit Alaniçidere section	Oyman, T., Minareci, F., and Pişkin, Ö. (2003): Ore Geology Reviews 23, 35-53.
Black Sea Region Artvin Province Artvin Gümüşhane Cu-Au deposit	Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.

UK
England Cumbria North and Western Region (Cumberland) West Cumberland Iron Field Kirkland Kelton Fell Mine	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Lloyd Llewellyn, self-collected (see picture)
Devon Dartmoor & Teign Valley District Teign Valley Christow Wheal Exmouth	Observed, Jan 2008
Wales Isle of Anglesey (Gwynedd; Anglesey) Church Bay	J.Ralph collected early 1980s

Ukraine
Crimea Oblast' Crimea peninsula Bakhchisaray area Nauchnyi village	Kartashov P.M. (1989) On Li-bearing Alushtite from Crimea and its position in the tosudite group, - Novye Dannye o Mineralah, Moscow, \"Nauka\", v.36, pp. 67-83 (in Rus.)

USA
Arizona Maricopa Co. Big Horn Mts Osborn District Tonopah Belmont Mountain Scott Mine (Scott Lead prospect; Scott Lead Mine; Black Glory 1-14 claims; Black Vulture Mine)	Alfredo Petrov - field trip observations, February 2009.
Pima Co. Tucson Mts Amole District Saginaw Hill (Saginaw property)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P Cristofono collection, 2006
Pinal Co. Ironwood Forest National Monument Sawtooth Mts Sawtooth District Indian Head area Eyer Manganese Mine	MRDS database Dep. ID #10026753.
Arkansas Garland Co. Hot Springs Malvern Minerals Company Mine	[var: Manganese Dendrites] http://www.lgsweb.org/field00g.html
California San Bernardino Co. White Dollar Mine (May Day)	Housley, R. (2001) Microbits - Bulletin of the Southern California Micro-Mineralogists (February-March 2001)
San Diego Co. Pala District Chief Mountain Elizabeth R. Mine Oceanview Mine (Oceanview Adit)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Stephenson, J. 2008. Pala District Opens Wider: Oceanview Mine Strikes It Big. Gem News: Pala International, Fallbrook, CA. January 16th. [http://www.palagems.com/gem_news_2008_v1.htm#pegmatite]
Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala; Queen) Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia)	Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs.
Ramona District A.B.C. Mine (ABC Mine; Daggett & MacIntosh; Daggett group)	Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau bulletin 37: pages 140-142.
Lookout Mine (Lookout prospect; Upper Hercules; Hercules group)	San Diego Mining Company, 1995-1997.
Tule Mountain Deposit (Tulley Mountain Deposit)	REF:Deposit:: CALIF. DIV. MINES AND GEOL. COUNTY REPORT 3, 1963, NO. 316, P. 192
Colorado Hinsdale Co. Tuckerville prospects	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Rocks & Minerals: Sept, 1998
Connecticut Hartford Co. Newington	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P Cristofono collection
Middlesex Co. Portland Case beryl prospects (Case quarries)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] www.lmscc.org/case.htm
Iowa Clinton Co. Grand Mound	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Rocks & Minerals: Nov-Dec 2002
Kansas Logan Co.	[var: Manganese Dendrites] www.people.ku.edu/~stalder/KS-minerals.html
Trego Co.	[var: Manganese Dendrites] www.people.ku.edu/~stalder/KS-minerals.html
Wallace Co.	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Ransom, 1974. Gems and Minerals of America
Maine Oxford Co. Albany Bumpus Quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P. Cristofono collection
Buckfield Bennett Quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] AmMin 10:355-411 (1925)
Greenwood Tamminen Quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites]
Waisanen Quarry (Tamminen-Waisanen Quarry)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P. Cristofono collection
West Paris A.C. Perham Quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v. 1.
Maryland Montgomery Co. Rockville Hunting Hill quarry (Rockville Crushed Stone Quarry; Travilah Quarry; Rockville Quarry; Bardon Stone Quarry)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] F. Parker (2005) "The Minerals of the Hunting Hill Quarry, Rockville, Maryland" Mineralogical Record 35:435-446.
Massachusetts Essex Co. Newbury	[var: Manganese Dendrites]
Hampshire Co. Easthampton Manhan Mines (Loudville Mine; Southampton Lead Mine; Northampton Lead Mine)	[var: Manganese Dendrites]
Middlesex Co. Wayland	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P. Cristofono collection
Worcester Co. Lunenburg Route 13 area	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P Cristofono collection
Nevada Washoe Co. Olinghouse District	[var: Manganese Dendrites]
New Hampshire Cheshire Co. Walpole Chickering Quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P. Cristofono collection
Westmoreland Stoddard Mine	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P Cristofono collection
Grafton Co. Groton Palermo No. 1 Mine (Palermo #1 pegmatite)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P. Cristofono collection
Hillsborough Co. Amherst Joppa Hill	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P. Cristofono collection
Milford	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P Cristofono collection, 2007
New Jersey Warren Co. Oxford Township Oxford Church Belvidere Mines	warren cummings (2009)
White Township Oxford Stone Co. Quarry (Tilcon New Jersey Quarry)	Warren Cummings, Geologist, NJDOT.
New Mexico Hidalgo Co. Pyramid Mts Lordsburg District Virginia District Bluebird Mine	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P Cristofono collection, 2008
Luna Co. Cookes Range	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P Cristofono collection
New York Lewis Co. Diana Township Harrisville Gouverneur Talc Company No. 4 Quarry (Valentine deposit; Valentine property)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] St. Lawrence County Rock & Mineral Club
North Carolina Cherokee Co. Eager Property	U.S Bureau of Mines/Spatial Data from the Minerals System/Mineral Industry Location System(Mas/Mils)CD-Rom,Sep,1995
Davidson Co. Thomasville Thomasville Quarry (Martin Marietta Quarry)	The Adams Collection ( Steve and Laurie Adams)
Lee Co.	Wilson,W.E,1984,Whats New in Minerals,North Carolina Kutnahorite,pg # 497
Pennsylvania Adams Co. Gettysburg Teeter's Quarry (Valley quarry)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] Rocks & Minerals 81:229-234
Northampton Co. Forks Township Easton Chestnut Hill C.K. Williams & Co. Quarry (Williams Quarry)	[var: Manganese Dendrites] www.delminsociety.net/easton.htm
York Co. Warrington Township Rossville Rossville Road Cut	Jeff Beckert Collection
Rhode Island Providence Co. Lincoln Lime Rock Conklin quarry	[var: Manganese Dendrites] P Cristofono collection, 2008
South Dakota Custer Co. Custer District Custer Bull Moose Mine	[var: Manganese Dendrites]
Wind Cave	[var: Manganese Dendrites] www.wind.cave.national-park.com/nmm.htm
Tennessee Sevier Co. Great Smoky Mts Alum Cave Bluff	Coskren, T. D. & Lauf, R. J. (2000): The Minerals of Alum Cave Bluff, Great Smoky Mountains, Tennessee. Mineralogical Record, 31, 163-175.
Texas Karnes Co. Karnes Uranium District	[var: Manganese Dendrites] www.wma-minelife.com/uranium/papers/karnes.pdf.
Washington Okanogan Co. Colville Indian Reservation Nespelem District (Moses District) Multnomah Hill Goodenuf Prospect	Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Colville Indian Reservation, Washington, Bulletin 677, J.T. Pardee, 1918
Home Run Prospect	Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Colville Indian Reservation, Washington, Bulletin 677, J.T. Pardee, 1918
Modoc Claim	Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Colville Indian Reservation, Washington, Bulletin 677, J.T. Pardee, 1918
Park City District Strawberry Creek Moneymaker Prospect	Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Colville Indian Reservation, Washington, Bulletin 677, J.T. Pardee, 1918, Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part II, Metallic Minerals, Vol. 1; M. Huntting, 1956
West Fork San Poil River Bonanza Claim	Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Colville Indian Reservation, Washington, Bulletin 677, J.T. Pardee, 1918
Wisconsin Marathon Co. Wausau pluton	[var: Manganese Dendrites] www.uwrf.edu/~wc01/psilomelane.htm

Uzbekistan
Kyzylkum Desert Central Kyzylkum Region Bukantau Mts Dzhaman Mn deposit	Pechenkin, V.G., and Pechenkin, I.G. (2005): Lithology and Mineral Resources 40(5), 462-471.

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