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Apatite Supergroup

Big Photo

Les Montmins Mine (Ste Barbe vein), Échassières, Ébreuil, Allier, Auvergne, France
© Chollet Pascal

Formula:
A
 
5
(XO
 
4
)
 
3
Z
 
q
Lustre:Vitreous
Name:From the Greek "Apatao" = "I am misleading" in allusion to apatite often being confused with other minerals (e.g., beryl, milarite).


Apatite is a group name for hexagonal or pseudohexagonal-monoclinic arsenates, phosphates and vanadates. In general use 'apatite' is often used in particular for the calcium phosphate minerals fluorapatite, chlorapatite and hydroxylapatite (see 'Apatite').

Members of the group fall into two main subgroups, the Apatite Subgroup and the Pyromorphite Subgroup. The Svabite Subgroup can be considered as intermediate between these. The members of the Apatite Supergroup characteristically show a wide range of substitutional solid solutions.

Classification of Apatite Supergroup

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Physical Properties of Apatite Supergroup

Lustre:Vitreous

Crystallography of Apatite Supergroup

Crystal Atlas:
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Apatite no.1 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Apatite no.5 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Apatite no.7 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Apatite no.8 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Apatite no.9 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Apatite no.12 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Apatite no.25 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Apatite no.68 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Apatite no.129 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Apatite no.146 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

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The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. You need Java to see these. You can download Java for free - click here to download Java

The 3d models and java code are kindly provided by www.smorf.nl. You can control the movement of the models by holding down the left mouse-button over the 3d model and moving your mouse. Keyboard controls are:

: default positions
t/T: decrease/increase transparency x/X: next/previous texture
b/B: next/previous background w: toggle wireframe
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Chemical Properties of Apatite Supergroup

Formula:
A
 
5
(XO
 
4
)
 
3
Z
 
q

Relationship of Apatite Supergroup to other Species

Minerals in Group:
Alforsite:
Ba
 
5
[Cl|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Apatite-(CaCl):
Ca
 
5
[Cl|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Apatite-(CaF):
Ca
 
5
[F|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Apatite-(CaOH):
Ca
 
5
[OH|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Apatite-(CaOH)-M:
(Ca,Na)
 
3
Ca
 
2
[(OH,Cl)|(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Apatite-(SrOH):
(Sr,Ca)
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH,F)
Belovite-(Ce):
NaSr
 
3
(Ce,La)[(F,OH)|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Belovite-(La):
NaSr
 
3
(La,Ce)[(F,OH)|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Carbonate-rich Apatite-(CaF):
Ca
 
5
[(F,O)|(PO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3
]
Carbonate-rich Apatite-(CaOH):
Ca
 
5
[(OH,O)|(PO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3
]
Clinomimetite:
Pb
 
5
[Cl|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Fluorcaphite:
(Ca,Sr,Ce,Na)
 
5
[F|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Hedyphane:
Pb
 
3
Ca
 
2
[Cl|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Johnbaumite:
Ca
 
5
[OH|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Kuannersuite-(Ce):
NaBa
 
3
(Ce,Nd,La)[(F,Cl)|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Mimetite:
Pb
 
5
[Cl|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Morelandite:
(Ba,Ca,Pb)
 
5
[Cl|(AsO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Phosphohedyphane:
Pb
 
3
Ca
 
2
[Cl|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Pyromorphite:
Pb
 
5
[Cl|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Svabite:
Ca
 
5
[(F,Cl,OH)|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Turneaureite:
Ca
 
5
[Cl|(AsO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Vanadinite:
Pb
 
5
[Cl|(VO
 
4
)
 
3
]

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Apatite Supergroup

Reference List:Náray-Szabó (1930) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 75: 387.

Mehmel (1930) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 75: 323.

Mehmel (1931) Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Leipzig, Berlin: 15: 223.

McConnell, Duncan (1938), A structural investigation of the isomorphism of the apatite group. American Mineralogist: 23: 1-19.

McConnell, D. (1973) Apatite, its Crystal Chemistry, Mineralogy, Utilization, and Geologic and Biologic Occurrences. Springer-Verlag, New York, N.Y.

Lang, A.R. and Walmsley, J.C. (1983) Apatite inclusions in natural diamond coat. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 9: 6-8.

Farver, J.R. and Gletti, B.J. (1989) Oxygen and strontium diffusion kinetics in apatite and potential application to thermal history determinations. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: 53: 1621-1631.

Hogarth, D.D. (1989) Pyrochlore, apatite and amphibole: distinctive minerals in carbonatite. In K. Bell, Ed., Carbonatites: Genesis and Evolution: 105-148. Unwin Hyman Ltd., London.

Elliott, J.C. (1994) Structure and Chemistry of the Apatites and Other Calcium Orthophosphates. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Fleet, M.E. and Pan, Y. (1997b) Rare earth elements in apatite: uptake from H2O-bearing phosphate-fluoride melts and role of volatile components. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: 61: 4645-4760.

Jonckheere, R. and Wagner, G. (2000) On the occurrence of anomalous fission tracks in apatite and titanite American Mineralogist: 85: 1744-1753.

Hughes, J.M. and Rakovan, J. (2002) The crystal structure of apatite, Ca5(PO4)3(F,OH,Cl). In Phosphates - Geochemical, Geobiological, and Materials Importance (M.L. Kohn, J. Rakovan, and J.M. Hughes, Eds.). Rev. Mineral. Geochem.: 48: 1-12.

Pan, Y. and Fleet, M.E. (2002) Compositions of the apatite group minerals: substitution mechanisms ansd controlling factors. In Phosphates. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (M.J. Kohn, J. Rakovan and J.M. Hughes, Eds.) Reviews in Mineralogy: 48: 13-49.

Flora, N.J., Yoder, C.H., and Jenkins, H.D.B. (2003) Lattice energies of apatites and estimation of ΔH1°(PO3- 4 g). Inorganic Chemistry: 34: 499-517.

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    Localities for Apatite Supergroup

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    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Barcelona
        • Maresme
          • Pineda de Mar
    		Bareche, E. (2005) "Els minerals de Catalunya. Segle XX" Ed. Grup Mineralògic Català, Barcelona, 269 p.
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 9th Nov 2009 11:38:23