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Krieselite

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Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), Tsumeb, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia
© Brent Thorne

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Formula:
(Al,Ga)
 
2
(GeO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
System:OrthorhombicColour:Beige to white


OH-Ge analogue of Topaz.
Also known as a synthetic compound.

Classification of Krieselite

IMA status:Approved 2003
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/B.02-80
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.AF.20

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
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Type Occurrence of Krieselite

Type Locality:Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), Tsumeb, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia

Physical Properties of Krieselite

Lustre:Greasy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Colour:Beige to white

Crystallography of Krieselite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:Pnma {P21/n 21/m 21/a}
Cell Parameters:a = 9.1111Å, b = 8.5276Å, c = 4.8064Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.068 : 1 : 0.564
Unit Cell Volume:V 373.44 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
3.811(78)
3.315(48)
3.016(100)
2.464(24)
2.417(27)
2.247(38)
1.398(29)
Comments:From type description.

Optical Data of Krieselite

Type:Biaxial
RI values: n = 1.757
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.000

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High

Chemical Properties of Krieselite

Formula:
(Al,Ga)
 
2
(GeO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
Essential elements:Al, Ge, H, O
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ga, Ge, H, O
Common Impurities:C

Relationship of Krieselite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.AF.05Sillimanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.10Andalusite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.10Kanonaite
Mn
3+
 
Al(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.15Kyanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.20Mullite
Al
 
4+2x
Si
 
2-2x
O
 
10-x
9.AF.23Boromullite
Al
 
9
BSi
 
2
O
 
19
9.AF.25Yoderite
Mg(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
O(OH)
9.AF.30Magnesiostaurolite
(Mg,Li,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.30Staurolite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Zn)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH,O)
 
2
9.AF.30Zincostaurolite
(Zn,Li,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.35Topaz
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.40Norbergite
Mg
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Alleghanyite
Mn
2+
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Reinhardbraunsite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.45Kumtyubeite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
F
 
2
9.AF.45Hydroxylchondrodite
Mg
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
F
 
2
9.AF.55Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.55Sonolite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.55Hydroxylclinohumite
Mg
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.60Leucophoenicite
Mn
2+
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.65Ribbeite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.70Jerrygibbsite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.75Franciscanite
Mn
2+
6
(V
5+
 
,☐)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
9.AF.75Örebroite
Mn
2+
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Sb
5+
 
)(SiO
 
4
)(O,OH)
 
3
9.AF.75Welinite
Mn
2+
6
(W
6+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
9.AF.80Ellenbergerite
Mg
 
6
(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)
 
2
(Al,Mg)
 
6
Si
 
8
O
 
28
(OH)
 
10
9.AF.85Chloritoid
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.85Magnesiochloritoid
MgAl
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.85Ottrélite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.90Poldervaartite
CaCa(HSiO
 
4
)(OH)
9.AF.90Olmiite
CaMn
2+
 
(HSiO
 
4
)(OH)

Other Names for Krieselite

Synonyms:
IMA2000-043a
Other Languages:

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Krieselite

Reference List:

- +
Wunder, B. & Marler, B. (1997): Ge-analogues of aluminium silicates: High-pressure synthesis and properties of Ge-topaz, Al2GeO4(OH)2. European Journal of Mineralogy, 9, 1147-1158.

Marler, B. & Wunder, B. (1998): Crystal structure of dialuminium dihydroxogermanate, Al2GeO4(OH)2. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures, 213, 3.

Schluter, J., Geisler, T., Pohl, D., Thomas, S. (2010): Krieselite, Al2GeO4(F,OH)2: A new mineral from the Tsumeb mine, Namibia, representing the Ge analogue of topaz. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 187, 33-40

Internet Links for Krieselite

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    • Localities for Krieselite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Namibia
     
    • Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region
      • Tsumeb
    		Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 187, 33-40
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