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Kingstonite

Formula:
(Rh,Ir,Pt)
 
3
S
 
4
System:Monoclinic
Name:For Gordon Kingston (formerly of Cardiff University, Wales, UK) in recognition of his contributions to platinum group element mineralogy and the geology of their mineral deposits.
This page provides mineralogical data about Kingstonite.

Classification of Kingstonite

IMA status:Approved 1993
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/D.02-60
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.DA.25

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
D : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 3 :4 and 2:3
A : M:S = 3:4
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Type Occurrence of Kingstonite

Type Locality:Bir Bir River, Yubdo (Joubdo; Youbdo; Joubda) District, Gimbi, Wallaga (Welega; Wollega; Ouallega) Province, Ethiopia
General Appearance of Type Material:subhedral, tabular elongate to anhedral inclusions in a Pt-Fe nugget
Associated Minerals at type locality:
TetraferroplatinumOsmiumLauriteIsoferroplatinumFerrorhodsite
CuprorhodsiteBowieite

Physical Properties of Kingstonite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Streak:black
Hardness (Vickers):VHN25=871 - 920 kg/mm2
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
parallel to [001]
Fracture:Sub-Conchoidal
Density (calculated):7.52 g/cm3

Crystallography of Kingstonite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:B2/m {B1 1 2/m} {C2/m} {C1 2/m 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 10.4616Å, b = 10.7527Å, c = 6.2648Å
β = 109°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.973 : 1 : 0.583
Unit Cell Volume:V 666.34 ų
Z:6
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
3.156 (100)
3.081 (100)
2.957 (90)
2.234 (60)
1.941 (50)
1.871 (80)
Comments:Format: d/Å (I) (hkl)

Optical Data of Kingstonite

Type:Anisotropic
Anisotropism:weak to moderate in dull greys and browns
Bireflectance:weak
Colour in reflected light:pale slightly brownish grey
Internal Reflections:none
Pleochroism:Weak

Chemical Properties of Kingstonite

Formula:
(Rh,Ir,Pt)
 
3
S
 
4
Idealised Formula:
Rh
 
3
S
 
4
All elements listed in formula:Ir, Pt, Rh, S
Analytical Data:average results of twenty electron microprobe analyses on four grains
Rh (46.5)
Ir (16.4)
Pt (11.2)
S (25.6)
Empirical Formula:
(Rh
 
2.27
Ir
 
0.43
Pt
 
0.29
)
 
=2.99
S
 
4.01

Relationship of Kingstonite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.DA.05Bornhardtite
Co
2+
 
Co
3+
2
Se
 
4
2.DA.05Carrollite
Cu(Co,Ni)
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Cuproiridsite
(Cu,Fe)Ir
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Cuprorhodsite
(Cu,Fe)Rh
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Daubréelite
Fe
2+
 
Cr
3+
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Fletcherite
Cu(Ni,Co)
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Florensovite
(Cu,Zn)Cr
 
1.5
Sb
 
0.5
S
 
4
2.DA.05Greigite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Indite
FeIn
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Kalininite
ZnCr
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Linnaeite
Co
2+
 
Co
3+
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Malanite
Cu(Pt
3+
 
,Ir
3+
 
)
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Polydymite
Ni
2+
 
Ni
3+
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Siegenite
from CoNi
 
2
S
 
4
 to NiCo
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Trüstedtite
Ni
 
3
Se
 
4
2.DA.05Tyrrellite
Cu(Co
3+
 
,Ni
3+
 
)
 
2
Se
 
4
2.DA.05Violarite
Fe
2+
 
Ni
3+
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Xingzhongite
(Pb,Cu,Fe)(Ir,Pt,Rh)
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Ferrorhodsite
(Fe,Cu)(Rh,Ir,Pt)
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.05Cadmoindite
CdIn
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.10Rhodostannite
Cu
 
2
FeSn
 
3
S
 
8
2.DA.10Toyohaite
Ag
 
2
FeSn
 
3
S
 
8
2.DA.15Brezinaite
Cr
 
3
S
 
4
2.DA.15Heideite
(Fe,Cr)
 
1.15
(Ti,Fe)
 
2
S
 
4
2.DA.20Inaglyite
Cu
 
3
Pb(Ir,Pt)
 
8
S
 
16
2.DA.20Konderite
Cu
 
3
Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)
 
8
S
 
16

Other Names for Kingstonite

Synonyms:
IMA1993-046
Other Languages:
Russian:Кингстонит

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Kingstonite

Reference List:Stanley, C.J., A.J. Criddle, J. Spratt, A.C. Roberts, J.T. Szymanski, M.D. Welch (2005): "Kingstonite, (Rh,Ir,Pt)3S4, a new mineral species from Yubdo, Ethiopia", Mineralogical Magazine: 69(4): 447-453.

Internet Links for Kingstonite

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    Localities for Kingstonite

    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Ethiopia
     
    • Wallaga (Welega; Wollega; Ouallega) Province
      • Gimbi
        • Yubdo (Joubdo; Youbdo; Joubda) District
    		C. J. Stanley et al.: Mineralogical Magazine 69(4):447-453 (2005)
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 14th Oct 2009 01:43:12