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Morenosite

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Big Photo

Gorner glacier area, Zermatt, Matt Valley, Zermatt - Saas Fee area, Wallis (Valais), Switzerland
© Thomas Witzke

Show Morenosite Photos (7)



Formula:
NiSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
System:OrthorhombicColour:Apple green or greenish ...
Lustre:VitreousHardness:2 - 2½
Member of:Epsomite Group
Name:Named after Señor Antonio Moreno Ruiz (1796-1852), Spanish pharmacist and chemist, Academy of Natural Sciences, Madrid, Spain.


Epsomite Group; Epsomite-Morenosite Series.

A complete series exists to Epsomite.

Dehydrates to Retgersite.

Classification of Morenosite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/C.07-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.CB.40

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:29.6.11.3

29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
6 : AXO4·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.12.6

25 : Sulphates
12 : Sulphates of Co and Ni
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Type Occurrence of Morenosite

Type Locality:Cedeira, Herbeira ultramafic massif, Cape Ortegal, A Coruña (La Coruña), Galicia, Spain
Year of Discovery:1851

Physical Properties of Morenosite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Apple green or greenish white; green in transmitted light.
Streak:White; faint green tint.
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 2½
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On {010}, distinct
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):1.953 g/cm3
Density (calculated):1.93 g/cm3

Crystallography of Morenosite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):2 2 2 - Disphenoidal
Space Group:P21 21 21
Cell Parameters:a = 11.86Å, b = 12.08Å, c = 6.81Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.982 : 1 : 0.564
Unit Cell Volume:V 975.66 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Artificial crystals are short prismatic [001]. Occurs naturally as efflorescent crusts of indistinct crystals and fibers; stalactitic.

Optical Data of Morenosite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.467 nβ = 1.489 nγ = 1.492
2V:Measured: 42° , Calculated: 40°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.025

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:relatively weak

Chemical Properties of Morenosite

Formula:
NiSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, Ni, O, S
All elements listed in formula:H, Ni, O, S
Analytical Data:
Readily soluble in water.

Relationship of Morenosite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Epsomite (see here)
Member of:Epsomite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Epsomite
MgSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
Goslarite
ZnSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.CB.05Dwornikite
(Ni,Fe)SO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Gunningite
ZnSO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Kieserite
MgSO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Poitevinite
(Cu,Fe,Zn)SO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Szmikite
MnSO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Szomolnokite
FeSO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Cobaltkieserite
CoSO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
7.CB.07Sanderite
MgSO
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.CB.10Bonattite
CuSO
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Aplowite
(Co,Mn,Ni)SO
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Boyleite
(Zn,Mg)SO
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Ilesite
(Mn,Zn,Fe)SO
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Rozenite
FeSO
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Starkeyite
MgSO
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Drobecite
CdSO
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Cranswickite
MgSO
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Chalcanthite
CuSO
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Jôkokuite
MnSO
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Pentahydrite
MgSO
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Siderotil
FeSO
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Bianchite
(Zn,Fe)SO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Chvaleticeite
(Mn,Mg)SO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Ferrohexahydrite
FeSO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Hexahydrite
MgSO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Moorhouseite
(Co,Ni,Mn)SO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Nickelhexahydrite
(Ni,Mg,Fe)SO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CB.30Retgersite
NiSO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Bieberite
CoSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Boothite
CuSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Mallardite
MnSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Melanterite
FeSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Zincmelanterite
(Zn,Cu,Fe)SO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Alpersite
(Mg,Cu)[SO
 
4
] · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.40Epsomite
MgSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.40Goslarite
ZnSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.45Alunogen
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 17H
 
2
O
7.CB.45Meta-alunogen
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 12H
 
2
O
7.CB.50Aluminocoquimbite
FeAl(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 9H
 
2
O
7.CB.55Coquimbite
Fe
 
2-x
Al
 
x
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 9H
 
2
O, x ~0.5
7.CB.55Paracoquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 9H
 
2
O
7.CB.55Rhomboclase
(H
 
5
O
 
2
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.CB.60Kornelite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.65Quenstedtite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 10H
 
2
O
7.CB.70Lausenite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.75Lishizhenite
ZnFe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 14H
 
2
O
7.CB.75Römerite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 14H
 
2
O
7.CB.80Ransomite
CuFe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Apjohnite
Mn
2+
 
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Bílinite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Dietrichite
(Zn,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Halotrichite
FeAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Pickeringite
MgAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Redingtonite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Wupatkiite
(Co,Mg,Ni)Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.90Meridianiite
MgSO
 
4
 · 11H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.12.1Bieberite
CoSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
25.12.2Cobaltzippeite
Co
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
10
 · 16H
 
2
O
25.12.3Aplowite
(Co,Mn,Ni)SO
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.12.4Moorhouseite
(Co,Ni,Mn)SO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.12.5Retgersite
NiSO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.12.7Nickelblödite
Na
 
2
(Ni,Mg)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.12.8Nickelboussingaultite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Ni(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.12.9Nickelzippeite
Ni
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
10
 · 16H
 
2
O
25.12.10Dwornikite
(Ni,Fe)SO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
25.12.11Honessite
Ni
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.12.12Hydrohonessite
Ni
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
16
 · 7H
 
2
O
25.12.13Nickelhexahydrite
(Ni,Mg,Fe)SO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O

Other Names for Morenosite

Synonyms:
EpimilleriteNickel-epsomiteNickel Vitriol
Other Languages:
German:Epimillerit
Morenosit
Pyromelin
Italian:Sulfato de nickel
Sulfato de niquel
Latin:Niccolum vitriolatum
Vitriolum ferrum et nicolum continens
Russian:Моренозит
Spanish:Epimillerita
Morenosita
Swedish:Nickel-Viktril
Varieties:
Magnesian Morenosite

Other Information

Magnetism:Paramagnetic
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Morenosite

Reference List:

- +
Cronstedt A. (1758) Mineralogie; eller Mineral-Rikets Upstallning. 12mo, Stockholm: 114 (as Nickel-Viktril & Vitriolum ferrum et nicolum continens).

Hunt in: Dana, J.D. (1850) System of Mineralogy, 3rd. Edition, New York: 679.

von Kobell (1852) Gel. Anz. Akademie der Wissenschaften, Munich: 35: 215 (as Pyromelin).

von Kobell (1853) Journal für praktische Chemie, Leipzig: 58: 44 (as Pyromelin).

Marignac (1855) Arch. sc. phys. nat. Genève: [1]: 14: 238.

Fulda (1864) Ann. Chem. Pharm.: 131: 213.

Topsøe and Christiansen (1874) Annalen der Physik, Ergzbd.: 6: 549.

Dufet (1878) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 1: 58.

Wyrouboff (1880) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 3: 73.

Blasius (1885) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 10: 238.

Pisani (1892) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 15: 48.

Laspeyres (1893) Verh. nat. Verein, Bonn: 143: 375.

Retgers (1895) Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Leipzig, Berlin: 16: 577.

Gossner (1907) Berichte: 40: 2374.

Goldschmidt, V. (1920) Atlas der Krystallformen. 9 volumes, atlas, and text: vol. 6: 63.

Ulrich (1921) Casopis Mus. Cesk.: 95: 123.

Longchambon (1922) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 45: 239.

Beevers and Schwartz (1935) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 91: 157.

Cavinato (1937) Reale accademia nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, Att.: [6]: 25: 399.

Cavinato (1938) Periodico de Mineralogia-Roma: 9: 141.

Hutton (1947) American Mineralogist: 32: 553.

Casares (1949) (see Alcibar in Rivista di mineralogia e cristallografia italiana, Padua: 305 [1850])(as Sulfato de niquel).

Frondel, C. and Palache, C. (1949) American Mineralogist: 34: 188.

Casares (1851) Rivista di mineralogia e cristallografia italiana, Padua: 176 (as Sulfato de nickel & Morenosita).


Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Seventh edition, Volume II: 516-519.

Ptasiewicz-Bak, H., I. Olovsson, and G.J. McIntyre (1997), Charge density in orthorhombic NiSO4·7H2O at room temperature and 25K: Acta Crystallographica: 53: 325-336.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 91: 157-169.

Internet Links for Morenosite

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    • Localities for Morenosite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Western Australia
      • Goldfields-Esperance region
        • Kalgoorlie-Boulder City
          • Goongarrie
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1977 41 : 37-41; Min Mag (1979) 43, 97-98
      • Wiluna Shire
        • Mount Keith
    		Grguric, B.A. (2003) Minerals of the MKD5 nickel deposit, Mount Keith, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 9, No. 2 , pg. 55-71.
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Hirt
          • Griesserhof (Gulitzen; Gullitzen)
    		H. Meixner: Carinthia II, special ed. no. 20, 95-106 (1956)
    • Salzburg
      • Saalfelden
        • Leogang
          • Hütten
            • Schwarzleograben
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
      • St Johann im Pongau
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
    Bolivia
     
    • Cochabamba Department
      • Tapacari Province
    		Dr. Fritz Berndt collection (Dr. Frank Keutsch analysis)
    Canada
     
    • Ontario
      • Algoma District
    		Dana 6: 940; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 518.
      • Sudbury District
        • Denison Township
    		Reiner Mielke 2011
        • Worthington offset
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Abitibi RCM
          • La Motte
    		Sabina (2003)126
    Mineralogical Record (1976): 7(4): 174-178.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 518; Duda, Rejl, Slivka: "Mineralien", 1991
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Katanga Copper Crescent
        • Shinkolobwe
    		MinRec 20:287-288
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • St Blasien
          • Horbach
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Franconian Forest
          • Bad Steben
            • Lichtenberg
              • Lichtenberg Copper Mines
    		Dana 6:940.
    • Hesse
      • Dillenburg District
        • Dillenburg
          • Oberscheld
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
      • Odenwald
        • Bensheim
          • Hochstädten
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Richelsdorf District
        • Süss
          • Richelsdorf Smelter
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1992
      • Taunus
        • Villmar
          • Langhecke
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz
        • Goslar
          • Rammelsberg
    		No reference listed
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Bergisches Land
        • Rösrath
          • Altenrath
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
      • Ruhr Coal Mining area
        • Essen
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
      • Siegerland
        • Eiserfeld
          • Kohlenbach Valley
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Littfeld
    		Weiss. "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Weiss. "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
          • Silberg
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    Weiss. "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Müsen
    		Weiss. "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Weiss. "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Siegen
          • Achenbach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Lahn valley
        • Bad Ems District
          • Bad Ems
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
          • Frücht
    		Der Aufschluss Vol.55, March/April 2004
      • Siegerland
        • Betzdorf
          • Schutzbach
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Wissen
          • Schönstein (Steckenstein)
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Saxony
      • Oberlausitz
        • Sohland
    		Frenzel, M. (2009): Nimit und weitere Neufunde aus der Nickelgrube Sohland a.d. Spree(Sachsen): Lapis 34(4): 44-45
    • Thuringia
      • Bad Lobenstein
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Sounion area
            • Sounion Mines
    		Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999); J. Gröbner und U. Kolitsch (2002): Neufunde von Laurion aus den Jahren 2001 und 2002. Aufschluss 53 (5-6), 363-371.
    Ireland
     
    • Co. Wicklow
      • Avoca
    		King, Robert Joseph, Evans, A. M., 1964. An occurrence of morenosite in Ireland, Mineralogical Magazine, 33 (267), p. 1110-1113
    Italy
     
    • Aosta Valley
    		Boscardin M., Colmelet G. (1977) - Morenosite della Val d'Ayas - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, vol. 8, fasc. 2 - 1977
      • Emarese
    		Del Caldo A.,Moro C.,Gramaccioli C.M.,Boscardin M.-Guida ai Minerali-Fratelli Fabbri Editori (1973)
      • Valtournanche Valley
        • Valtournanche
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    C.M. Gramaccioli (1975)-Minerali alpini e Prealpini-Edizioni Atlas Bergamo
    Cavinato A. (1938): Morenosite di Valtournanche. pp. 141-142. Periodico di Mineralogia - Roma and Rigault G. (1961) - Ricerche sulla morenosite di Valtournanche (Valle di Aosta) - Per. min. Roma, 30, Fasc. 1, pp. 81-109 and M. Boscardin - Infomzioni di mineralogia italiana, Morenosite di Valtournanche (Ao) - Notizie del Gruppo Min. Lombardo - Milano - Vol 1 - (March, 1973) pag. 5
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Malenco Valley
          • Lanterna Valley
            • Campo Franscia
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 518 (Val Malenco only).
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Susa Valley
          • Condove
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Vercelli Province
        • Sesia Valley
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Valsugana
          • Levico Terme
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kinki region
        • Mie Prefecture
          • Toba City
    		Minakawa et al (1989) Sanko-Gakkai Kou'en-Youshi, 27.
    Peru
     
    • Pasco department
      • Pasco province
        • Huayllay district
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 498, 518.
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Kaczawskie Mts
    		Paulo A. 1970: On the formation of retgersite from Chełmiec. Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 1, 37-45
    Portugal
     
    • Aveiro District
      • Albergaria-a-Velha
    		Antonio Jesus Pimentel specimens; www.mindat.org/mesg-25-107652.html
    South Africa
     
    • Gauteng Province
      • Pilanesberg Mt
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Tarragona
        • Priorat
          • Bellmunt del Priorat
    		Joan Abella i Creus (2008): Minerals I Mines De La Conca De Bellmunt Del Priorat.
    • Galicia
      • A Coruña (La Coruña)
        • Cape Ortegal
          • Herbeira ultramafic massif
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 518; Mineralogical Magazine (1964): 33: 1110; Duda, Rejl, Slivka: "Mineralien", 1991; Martínez Alcíbar, A. (1850) Raro e importante mineral de níquel. Revista Minera, 1, 302-306.
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Zermatt - Saas Fee area
        • Matt Valley
          • Zermatt
            • Findel glacier (Findeln glacier; Findelen glacier) area
    		Christian Bracke Collection
            • Gorner glacier area
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 282.
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 282.
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 282.
        • Saas Valley
          • Saas Almagell
    		Van Hove C. collection
          • Saas Fee
            • Fee Glacier
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 282.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Derbyshire
        • Ecton
    		Ford, T., A. Sarjeant & M. Smith (1993) The minerals of the Peak district of Derbyshire UK Jour. Mines & Minerals 13:16-55
      • Staffordshire
        • Ecton
    		BMS Database
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Maricopa Co.
        • Wickenburg
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 306; Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 61.
    • California
      • Contra Costa Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • Clayton
            • Mount Diablo State Park
              • Mount Diablo (Mt Diablo)
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 263, 270, 273.
      • Imperial Co.
        • Coyote Mts
          • Coyote Wells
    		Pemberton, H Earl " Minerals of California" Van Nostrand Reinholt Press
            • Coyote Mountain
    		Morton, P.K. (1977) Mines and mineral resources of Imperial County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 7, 104 pp.: 79-80; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 270.
      • Napa Co.
        • Mayacmas Mts (Mayacamas Mts)
          • East Mayacmas District
            • Pope Valley
    		Dana, E.S. (1892) System of Mineralogy, 6th. Edition, New York: 1096; Becker, George F. (1888b), Geology of the quicksilver deposits of the Pacific slope: USGS Monograph 13, atlas: 389; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 274; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 518.
      • San Diego Co.
        • Julian District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 518; O'Donoghue, 1978 - "Encyclopedia of Minerals & Gemstones", p283.
    Rocks & Minerals 82:402-407; Hudson, Frank Samuel (1922), Geology of the Cuyamaca region of California with special reference to the origin of the Nickeliferous pyrrhotite: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 13: 214, 217; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 270, 321.
      • San Luis Obispo Co.
        • Santa Lucia Mts (Santa Lucia Range)
          • Adelaide District (Adelaide Klau District)
            • Adelaida
              • Klau Mine group
    		Woodhouse, C.D. & R.M. Norris (1957a), A new occurrence of millerite American Mineralogist: 42: 113-115; Davis, Fenelon Francis and E.H. Bailey (1966) Mercury. California Division Mines and Geology Bulletin 191: 267, 270.
      • Trinity Co.
        • Island Mountain
    		Stinson, Melvin Clarence (1957a), Geology of the Island Mountain copper mine, Trinity County, California: California Journal of Mines and Geology: 53: 25; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 274; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 270.
    • Colorado
      • Boulder Co.
        • Gold Hill District
          • Gold Hill
    		[O'Donoghue, 1978 - "Encyclopedia of Minerals & Gemstones", p283]
    • Missouri
      • Madison Co.
    		R&M 73:2 pp 98-117
    • Nevada
      • Churchill Co.
        • Table Mountain District
          • Cottonwood Canyon
            • Bolivia
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    Nickel Deposits in Cottonwood Canyon, Churchill County, Nevada. Univ. of Nevada Bulletin Vol 33 No. 5 (1939) pp1-18
      • Eureka Co.
        • Lynn District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • Pennsylvania
      • Lancaster Co.
        • Bart Township
          • Gap
    		Min.Rec.:21:103; Dana 6:1069; Dana 7:I:235,241; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 490, 518.
    • Washington
      • Chelan Co.
        • Entiat District
          • Winesap Canyon (Oklahoma Canyon)
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
      • Snohomish Co.
        • Sultan District
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
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