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Nacrite

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Big Photo

Vrchoslav fluorite deposit, Krupka (Graupen), Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge), Ústí Region, Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen), Czech Republic
© Petr Fuchs

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Formula:
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
System:MonoclinicColour:White, grey, yellowish, ...
Lustre:PearlyHardness:2 - 2½
Member of:Serpentine Group
Name:From the french, Nacre (mother of pearl) alluding to its lustre.
This page provides mineralogical data about Nacrite.

Classification of Nacrite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Explanation of status:Nacrite appears to be a polytype of kaolinite (as does dickite).
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/H.25-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.ED.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
D : Phyllosilicates with kaolinite layers composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 7th edition ID:71.1.1.3
Hey's CIM Ref.:15.7

15 : Silicates of Aluminum
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Type Occurrence of Nacrite

Type Locality:Einigkeit Mine, Brand-Erbisdorf, Freiberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
Year of Discovery:1807

Physical Properties of Nacrite

Lustre:Pearly
Colour:White, grey, yellowish, brownish, etc.
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 2½

Crystallography of Nacrite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):m - Domatic
Space Group:Bb {B1 1b} {Cc} {C1c1}
Cell Parameters:a = 5.14Å, b = 8.94Å, c = 14.4Å
β = 113.7°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.575 : 1 : 1.611
Unit Cell Volume:V 605.90 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
For nacrite-2M2:(
(
7.18(100)
4.41(30)
4.36(80)
4.13(70)
3.59(80)
2.43(60)
2.40(40)
1.49(40)

Optical Data of Nacrite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.557 nβ = 1.562 nγ = 1.563
2V:Measured: 40° , Calculated: 48°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.006

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:r > v strong

Chemical Properties of Nacrite

Formula:
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Essential elements:Al, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, H, O, Si

Relationship of Nacrite to other Species

Member of:Serpentine Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Amesite
Mg
 
2
Al(AlSiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Antigorite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Baumite
(Mg,Al,Mn,Zn,Fe)
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
Berthierine
(Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,AlMg)
 
2-3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Brindleyite
(Ni,Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Al(Si,Al)O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Caryopilite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Chrysotile
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Clinochrysotile
Cronstedtite
Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
((Si,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Dickite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Fraipontite
(Zn,Al)
 
3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Greenalite
Fe
 
2-3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Halloysite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Kaolinite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Kellyite
Mn
2+
2
Al(AlSiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Lizardite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Manandonite
LiAl
 
4
(BSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
6
Népouite
(Ni,Mg)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Odinite
(Fe,Mg,Al,Fe,Ti,Mn)
 
2.4
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Orthochrysotile
Parachrysotile
Pecoraite
Ni
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Vorhauserite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.ED.05Dickite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.05Kaolinite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.05Odinite
(Fe,Mg,Al,Fe,Ti,Mn)
 
2.4
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.10Halloysite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.10Hisingerite
Fe
3+
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.ED.10Halloysite-7Å
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Amesite
Mg
 
2
Al(AlSiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Antigorite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Berthierine
(Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,AlMg)
 
2-3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Brindleyite
(Ni,Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Al(Si,Al)O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Caryopilite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Chrysotile
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Cronstedtite
Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
((Si,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Fraipontite
(Zn,Al)
 
3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Greenalite
Fe
 
2-3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Kellyite
Mn
2+
2
Al(AlSiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Lizardite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Manandonite
LiAl
 
4
(BSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
6
9.ED.15Népouite
(Ni,Mg)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Pecoraite
Ni
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.15Guidottiite
Mn
 
2
Fe
3+
 
(Fe
3+
 
SiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
9.ED.20Allophane
(Al
 
2
O
 
3
)(SiO
 
2
)
 
1.3-2
 · 2.5-3H
 
2
O
9.ED.20Chrysocolla
Cu
 
2-x
Al
 
x
(H
 
2-x
Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
 · nH
 
2
O (x < 1)
9.ED.20Imogolite
Al
 
2
SiO
 
3
(OH)
 
4
9.ED.20Neotocite
(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO
 
3
 · H
 
2
O
9.ED.25Bismutoferrite
Fe
3+
2
Bi(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
9.ED.25Chapmanite
Fe
3+
2
Sb
3+
 
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
15.1Andalusite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
15.2Kyanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
15.3Sillimanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
15.4Mullite
Al
 
4+2x
Si
 
2-2x
O
 
10-x
15.5Pyrophyllite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
15.6Dickite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
15.8Kaolinite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
15.9Metahalloysite
15.10Halloysite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
15.11Allophane
(Al
 
2
O
 
3
)(SiO
 
2
)
 
1.3-2
 · 2.5-3H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping):

- +
71.1.1.1Dickite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
71.1.1.2Kaolinite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
71.1.1.4Halloysite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4

Other Names for Nacrite

Synonyms:
Nacrite (of Brongniart)
Other Languages:
Esperanto:Nakrito
German:Nakrit
Russian:Накрит
Spanish:Nacrita
Varieties:
Tianhuang Stone

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Nacrite

Reference List:

- +
Brongniart, A (1807); Traité élémentaire de Minéralogie, Paris I, 505.

American Mineralogist (1930): 15: 34.

American Mineralogist (1963): 48: 1196.

Clays and Clay Minerals (1994): 46.

Gaines, Richard V., H. Catherine, W. Skinner, Eugene E. Foord, Brian Mason, Abraham Rosenzweig (1997), Dana's New Mineralogy : The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana: 1407.

Internet Links for Nacrite

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  • Nacrite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Nacrite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Santa Cruz
      • Macizo del Deseado
    		Jovic, S.M., Guido, D.M., Schalamuk, I.B., Ríos, F.J., Tassinari, C.C.G., Recio. C. (2011): Pingüino In-bearing polymetallic vein deposit, Deseado Massif, Patagonia, Argentina: characteristics of mineralization and ore-forming fluids. Mineralium Deposita, 46, 257-271.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Eyre Peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		Minerals of Iron Monarch, Glyn L. Francis
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Hafner group
          • Rennweg
            • Katschberg
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Lungau
        • Murwinkel
          • Schellgaden
            • Katschberg
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
    Bolivia
     
    • La Paz Department
      • Larecaja Province
        • Chacapa
    		Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Munoz Reyes: Las Especies Minerales de Bolivia (Banco Minero de Bolivia, 1955)
      • Murillo Province
        • Mt Huayna Potosí (Huaina Potosi)
    		[MinRec 32:465]
    • Oruro Department
      • Dalence Province
    		Kempff, O., Paar, W.H., Tawackoli, S.: "Minerales de Bolivia", 115pp (La Paz, 2009)
    • Potosí Department
      • Potosí City
    		[MinRec 32:465]
      • Rafael Bustillo Province (Bustillos Province)
        • Llallagua
    		Hyrsl, J. & A. Petrov (2006): Famous Mineral Localities: Llallagua, Bolivia. Mineralogical Record. 37: 117-162
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Laurentides
        • Deux-Montagnes RCM
          • Saint-Eustache
    		Sabine (1983) & Horváth collection
      • Montérégie
        • Beauharnois-Salaberry RCM
    		Horvath collection
    Sabina (1983) Misc. Report 32, Geological Survey of Canada,43
        • Vaudreuil-Soulanges RCM
          • Coteau-du-Lac
    		Sabina (1983) & Horváth collection
          • Sainte-Justine-de-Newton
    		Horváth Collection - confirmed by visual & XRD
    China
     
    • Fujian Province
      • Fuzhou Prefecture
        • Jin'an District
          • Shoushan
    		Leifu Ren (1988): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 7(2)
    • Jilin Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Baishan Prefecture
        • Changbai Co.
    		Zheng Xia and Ningke Zhang (1986): Chinese Journal of Geology 21(4)
    • Liaoning Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Benxi Prefecture
    		Zheng Xia and Ningke Zhang (1986): Chinese Journal of Geology 21(4)
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Beroun (Beraun)
    		Vtělenský J. (1959): Mineralogie oolitických železných rud z některých ložisek Barrandienu. Geotechnica, sv. 26, Nakladatelství ČSAV Praha.
        • Čáslav (Tschaslau)
    		Duda, Rejl, Slivka: "Mineralien", 1991
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
    		Lapis 23(4), 18-34 (1998)
    X ray analysed
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Kivu
    		http://www.metafro.be/mineralogy/sample/5121/mineral and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutshuru
    France
     
    • Brittany
      • Finistère
        • Pont-de-Buis-lès-Quimerch
          • Lopérec
    		P Le Roch collection
      • Morbihan
        • Le Roc Saint-André
    		Le Règne Minéral, (Hors Série 7), 42-58
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Aude
        • Couiza
          • Terroles
    		C.Berbain, G.Favreau - Cahier des micromonteurs n° 2-2000. pp 18-22
      • Hérault
        • Lodève
    		European Journal of Mineralogy; v. 12; no. 2; p. 329-34
    • Limousin
      • Creuse
        • Soumans
          • Montebras
    		Michel Treillard collection
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
    		Lapis 21(12), 43 (1996)
        • Lahr
          • Schweighausen
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    Lapis 1985(5), 17-20
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Franconian Forest
          • Bad Berneck
    		F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke", 2nd ed., Oberfränkische Verlagsanstalt und Druckerei GmbH (Hof), 1984
          • Hof
            • Joditz
    		Weiss: "MIneralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Schwandorf
    		No reference listed
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz
        • Braunlage
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • St Andreasberg District
    		No reference listed
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Ruhr Coal Mining area
        • Essen
    		Rykart, R., Bode, U. (1978) Ungewöhnliche Quarzkristalle aus dem Karbon. Mineralien Magazin, 2(2), 107. Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
        • Herne
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
      • Siegerland
        • Müsen
    		Reinhardt, M. (2010): Die Mineralien der Grube Wildermann bei Müsen im Siegerland. Lapis 35 (11), 13-28; 54
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Lahn valley
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Palatinate
        • Kirchheimbolanden
          • Dannenfels
    		Kohout, K. (2008): Der Steinbruch Giro am Mannbühl: Spitzenfunde aus 27 Jahren. Lapis, 33 (5), 32-35.
    • Saarland
      • Nonnweiler
        • Eisen
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Saxony
      • Chemnitz
        • Penig
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001, 146
      • Erzgebirge
        • Altenberg
    		Mineralien-Welt, (2), 17-39.
        • Clausnitz - Sayda District
          • Sayda
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Ehrenfriedersdorf
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Freiberg District
          • Brand-Erbisdorf
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1908 15 : 124-127
          • Zug
    		Baumann, L., Hofmann, F. & Weber, W. (1997): Glückauf Freiberg. Bergbau, Erze, Mineralien. Bode Verlag Haltern, 168 p.
        • Johanngeorgenstadt District
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
          • Lauta
    		Hajek, W. (2010): Kristallwelten Marienberg. Weise Verlag, München.
        • Niederschlag-Bärenstein District
          • Bärenstein
            • Niederschlag
    		Lapis, 19 (4), 13-22+50.
    No reference listed
        • Schwarzenberg District
          • Beierfeld
    		Lapis, 16 (6), 13-20+58.
          • Pöhla
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
      • Wurzbach
        • Weitisberga
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Germany & Czech Republic
     
    • Saxony & Ústí Region (Bohemia; Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Erzgebirge; Krusné Hory Mts
    		Lapis 17(2), 31-35 (1992)
    Hungary
     
    • Heves Co.
      • Mátra Mts.
        • Gyöngyösoroszi
    		Koch: Minerals of Hungary, 1985
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Chiusella Valley
            • Traversella
    		Mineralogical Record, 4 (1), 39-41
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Valsugana
          • Levico Terme
    		Canal, A., Fassina, B., Ferretti, P., Gasparetto, P., Pegoraro, S., Tosato, F., Zammatteo, P. (2012): Compet, galleria a quota 1358 ms.l.m., Monte Fronte, Vetriolo, Trento. Micro, 1-2012, 1-48.
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido
      • Iburi Province
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Karagandy Province (Qaragandy Oblysy; Karaganda Oblast')
      • Betpakdala Desert (Bet-Pak-Dal Desert)
    		Jeremolenko, V. (2002): Kara-Oba: Mineralogische Perle der Betpak-Ebene bei Dzhambul, Kasachstan. Lapis 27 (4), 13-34 + 50
    Mexico
     
    Clay Miner. 29:452-453 (1981).
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Spitzkopje Area
    		Mineralogical Record: 36(4): 317-335.
    Medenbach, O. (2001): Paul Ramdohr und die Stiepelmannsche Beryll-Fundstelle. – In: Namibia, Zauberwelt edler Steine und Kristalle, Haltern (Bode Verlag), 222pp., (p. 56-71) ; Medenbach, O. (2001): Paul Ramdohr und die Stiepelmannsche Beryll-Fundstelle. In: Namibia - Zauberwelt edler Steine und Kristalle. Bode Verlag, Haltern, Germany, p. 56-71 (p. 36) ; - Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2007): Namibia. Mineralien und Fundstellen. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag, Haltern, p. 288-290 (in German)
    Poland
     
    • Świętokrzyskie
      • Świętokrzyskie Mts (Holy Cross Mts)
    		Migaszewski, Z.M., Starnawska, E., Gałuszka, A. (2007): Gorceixite from the Upper Cambrian Rocks of the Podwiśniówka Mine Pit, Holy Cross Mountains (South-Central Poland). Mineralogia Polonica, 38, 171-184.
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
    		Ďuďa R.,Kotuľak P., Káňa R., 1993: Bergbau und Mineralien von Banská Štiavnica (Schemnitz), Slowakei. Emser Hefte, 14, 3, 1-70, Haltern
      • Detva Co.
    		Rojkovičová,Ľ., 1982: Rudná mineralizácia v Javorí. Min.Slovaca, 14,5,461 – 470
      • Revúca Co.
        • Sirk
    		Grecula,P. et al., 1995: Ložiska nerastných surovín Slovenského rudohoria. Zväz.1, Bratislava, 834 s
      • Rimavská Sobota Co.
        • Tisovec
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    • Košice Region
      • Rožňava Co.
        • Rožňava (Rosenau)
    		Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
    Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    Varček C., 1957: Prehľad paragenetických pomerov rudných ložísk Gemera. Geol. Práce. Zoš, 46, p. 107-131.
      • Spišská Nová Ves Co.
    		Ďuďa R., Peterec D., 1995 : Die Mineralien der siderit - baryt lagersttäte von Rudňany ( Kotterbach ) in der Slowakei. Mineralien Welt /Haltern/, 1, s.20 - 31
    • Trenčín Region
      • Prievidza Co.
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    South Africa
     
    • KwaZulu-Natal Province
      • Durban
        • Umhlatuzana valley
    		Cairncross, B. & Dixon, R. (1995). Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa: Linden.
    South Korea
     
    • Gyeongsangbuk-do (Kyongsang-bukto; Gyeongsangbugdo)
      • Bonghwa-gun
    		G. Grundmann collection # 128, originally sold by Kristalldruse.
    Spain
     
    • Andalusia
      • Málaga
    		M.D. Ruiz Cruz, B. Andreo : "Tosudite in very low-grade metamorphic graywackes from the Malaga area (Betic Cordilleras, Spain)", Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, 1391-1399.
    • Catalonia
      • Tarragona
        • Priorat
          • Bellmunt del Priorat
    		Joan Abella i Creus (2008): Minerals I Mines De La Conca De Bellmunt Del Priorat. (photographs)
          • El Molar
    		Joan Abella i Creus (2008): Minerals I Mines De La Conca De Bellmunt Del Priorat. (photographs)
    Sweden
     
    • Västerbotten
      • Skellefteå
    		No reference listed
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cumbria
        • South Eastern Region (Westmorland)
          • Eastern Fells
            • Shap
    		BMS Database
      • Devon
        • South Devon
          • Torquay
      • Leicestershire
        • Newtown Linford
    		Claringbull, G.F. (1952): Mineralogical Magazine 29, 973-973
    Ukraine
     
    • Crimea Oblast'
      • Crimea peninsula
        • Alushta
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    • Donets'k Oblast' (Donetsk Oblast')
      • Gorlovka
        • Novyi Donbass
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    • Kiev Oblast' (Kyiv Oblast'; Kyivshchyna)
      • Kremenchug Reservoir
    USA
     
    • Arizona
    		azminerals.com
        • Steeple Rock District (Duncan District)
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 203, 310.
    • Colorado
      • El Paso Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 14, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Jefferson Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Ouray Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
      • Hartford Co.
    		Januzzi, Ronald. (1976): Mineral Localities of CT & SE NY State, p. 234-5.
    • Michigan
      • Marquette Co.
        • Marquette iron range
          • Negaunee
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    • Nevada
      • Elko Co.
        • Cornucopia District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Washoe Co.
        • Cottonwood District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Colfax Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • Rhode Island
      • Providence Co.
    		Miller, 1972. Minerals of Rhode Island.
    • Virginia
      • Rockbridge Co.
        • Glasgow
    		Rocks & Min.: 60:157.
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