Mindat Logo
Home Page Log In Messageboard The Mindat Directory
Register Search Pages Mineral Chatroom The Mindat Store

Neptunite

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
Big Photo

Dallas Gem Mine (Benitoite Mine; Benitoite Gem Mine; Gem Mine), Dallas Gem Mine area, San Benito River headwaters area, New Idria District, Diablo Range, San Benito Co., California, USA
© Rob Lavinsky

Show Neptunite Photos (157)



Formula:
Na
 
2
KLi(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
8
O
 
24
)
System:MonoclinicColour:Black
Hardness:5 - 6
Name:
For Neptune, Roman god of the sea, for close association at type locality with aegirine (named after Aegir a scandinavian sea god).
Isostructural with:Manganoneptunite


Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Neptunite. Currently in public beta-test.

Classification of Neptunite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.37-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.EH.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
H : Transitional structures between phyllosilicate and other silicate units
Dana 8th edition ID:70.4.1.1

70 : INOSILICATES Column or Tube Structures
4 : Column or Tube Structures with linked chains forming cages
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.9.26

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
9 : Silicates of Ti
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-2883.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Type Occurrence of Neptunite

Type Locality:Narssârssuk pegmatite (Narsarsuk pegmatite), Narssârssuk (Narsarsuk), Igaliku (Igaliko), Narsaq, Kitaa (West Greenland) Province, Greenland
Year of Discovery:1893

Physical Properties of Neptunite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Black
Comment:Deep bloodred in splinters
Streak:Cinnamon-brown
Hardness (Mohs):5 - 6
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
on {110}
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):3.19 - 3.23 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.24 g/cm3

Crystallography of Neptunite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):m - Domatic
Space Group:Bb {B1 1b} {Cc} {C1c1}
Cell Parameters:a = 16.427(2) Å, b = 12.478(2) Å, c = 9.975(1) Å
β = 115.56(1)°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.316 : 1 : 0.799
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,844.54 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Prismatic crystals
Twinning:Interpenetrant on {301}
Crystal Atlas:
Image Loading
Click on an icon to view
Neptunite no.1 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Neptunite no.2 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Neptunite no.3 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Neptunite no.16 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

You may need to scroll this box using your mouse to view the full instructions.

The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. You need Java to see these. You can download Java for free - click here to download Java

The 3d models and java code are kindly provided by www.smorf.nl. You can control the movement of the models by holding down the left mouse-button over the 3d model and moving your mouse. Keyboard controls are:

: default positions
t/T: decrease/increase transparency x/X: next/previous texture
b/B: next/previous background w: toggle wireframe
s: toggle sticks m: toggle miller indices
k: toggle crystallographic axes =/-: zoom in/out
r: stop/start rotation 1/2/3

Optical Data of Neptunite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.690 - 1.691 nβ = 1.693 - 1.700 nγ = 1.719 - 1.736
2V:Measured: 36° to 49°, Calculated: 36° to 56°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.029 - 0.045

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r < v strong
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X= pale yellow
Y= yellow-orange
Z= red-orange to red-brown

Chemical Properties of Neptunite

Formula:
Na
 
2
KLi(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
8
O
 
24
)
Essential elements:Fe, K, Li, Na, O, Si, Ti
All elements listed in formula:Fe, K, Li, Mn, Na, O, Si, Ti
Common Impurities:Ca

Relationship of Neptunite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Manganoneptunite (see here)
Structurally related to group(s):
Neptunite Group
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.EH.05Manganoneptunite
Na
 
2
KLi(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti
 
2
[Si
 
8
O
 
24
]
9.EH.05Watatsumiite
Na
 
2
KLi(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
V
4+
2
[Si
 
8
O
 
24
]
9.EH.05Magnesioneptunite
KNa
 
2
Li(Mg,Fe)
 
2
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
9.EH.10Grumantite
Na(HSi
 
2
O
 
5
) · H
 
2
O
9.EH.15Sarcolite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
12
(Ca,K,Fe,Sr,Mg)
 
2
Al
 
8
Si
 
12
(P,Si)O
 
52
F
 
2
9.EH.20Ussingite
Na
 
2
AlSi
 
3
O
 
8
OH
9.EH.25Leifite
(Na,H
 
2
O)Na
 
6
[Be
 
2
Al
 
2
(Al,Si)Si
 
15
O
 
39
]F
 
2
9.EH.25Telyushenkoite
(Cs,Na,K)Na
 
6
[F
 
2
|Be
 
2
Al
 
3
Si
 
15
O
 
39
]
9.EH.25Eirikite
KNa
 
6
Be
 
2
(Si
 
15
Al
 
3
)O
 
39
F
 
2
9.EH.30Nafertisite
Na
 
3
(Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
6
(Ti
 
2
Si
 
12
O
 
34
)(O,OH)
 
7
 · 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
14.9.1Natisite
Na
 
2
Ti(SiO
 
4
)O
14.9.2Lorenzenite
Na
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)O
 
3
14.9.3Lintisite
LiNa
 
3
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
 
2
O
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
14.9.4Davanite
K
 
2
TiSi
 
6
O
 
15
14.9.5Kazakovite
Na
 
6
Mn
2+
 
Ti(Si
 
6
O
 
18
)
14.9.6Titanite
CaTi(SiO
 
4
)O
14.9.7Ohmilite
Sr
 
3
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)(Si
 
4
O
 
12
)(O,OH) · 2-3H
 
2
O
14.9.8Lamprophyllite
(Sr,K,Ba)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O(O,OH,F)
14.9.9Benitoite
BaTi(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
14.9.10Batisite
BaNaNaTi
 
2
(Si
 
4
O
 
12
)O
 
2
14.9.11Fresnoite
Ba
 
2
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
14.9.12Joaquinite-(Ce)
NaBa
 
2
Ce
 
2
FeTi
 
2
[Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
O
 
2
(OH,F) · H
 
2
O
14.9.13Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)
NaBa
 
2
Ce
 
2
FeTi
 
2
[Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
O
 
2
(O,OH) · H
 
2
O
14.9.14Strontiojoaquinite
Sr
 
2
Ba
 
2
(Na,Fe)
 
2
Ti
 
2
[Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
O
 
2
(O,OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
14.9.15Bario-orthojoaquinite
(Ba,Sr)
 
4
Fe
 
2
Ti
 
2
[Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
O
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
14.9.16Strontio-orthojoaquinite
(Na,Fe)
 
2
Sr
 
2
Ba
 
2
Ti
 
2
[Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
O
 
2
(O,OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
14.9.17Bafertisite
Ba(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(O,OH)
 
2
14.9.18Hejtmanite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O(OH,F)
14.9.19Delindeite
(Na,K)
 
2
(Ba,Ca)
 
2
(Ti,Fe,Al)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
14.9.20Barytolamprophyllite
(Ba,Na)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O(OH,F)
14.9.21Trimounsite-(Y)
Y
 
2
Ti
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
 
5
14.9.22Perrierite-(Ce)
(Ce,Ca,Th)
 
4
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Fe
3+
2
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
14.9.23Chevkinite
(Ca,Ce,Th)
 
4
(Fe,Mn)
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
22
14.9.24Strontiochevkinite
(Sr,La,Ce,Ca)
 
4
Fe
2+
 
(Ti,Zr)
 
2
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
8
14.9.25Tisinalite
Na
 
3
H
 
3
(Mn,Ca,Fe)TiSi
 
6
(O,OH)
 
18
 · 2H
 
2
O
14.9.27Manganoneptunite
Na
 
2
KLi(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti
 
2
[Si
 
8
O
 
24
]
14.9.28Kupletskite
(K,Na)
 
3
(Mn,Fe)
 
7
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
26
(OH)
 
4
F
14.9.29Astrophyllite
(K,Na)
 
3
(Fe,Mn)
 
7
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH)
 
7
14.9.30Hydroastrophyllite
(H
 
3
O,K,Ca)
 
3
(Fe,Mn)
 
5-65
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
(O,OH)
 
31
14.9.31Magnesioastrophyllite
(Na,K)
 
4
Mg
 
2
(Fe,Fe,Mn)
 
5
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH,F)
 
7
14.9.32Baratovite
KCa
 
7
(Ti,Zr)
 
2
Li
 
3
Si
 
12
O
 
36
F
 
2
14.9.34Aenigmatite
Na
 
2
Fe
2+
5
Ti(Si
 
6
O
 
18
)O
 
2
14.9.35Schorlomite
Ca
 
3
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
((Si,Fe
3+
 
)O
 
4
)
 
3
14.9.36Tinaksite
K
 
2
Na(Ca,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti[O|Si
 
7
O
 
18
(OH)]
14.9.37Janhaugite
(Na,Ca)
 
3
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(Ti,Zr,Nb)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
14.9.38Koashvite
Na
 
6
(Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)Si
 
6
O
 
18
 · H
 
2
O

Other Names for Neptunite

Synonyms:
CarlositeFerroneptunite
Other Languages:
German:Carlosit
Neptunit
Russian:Нептунит
Spanish:Carlosita
Neptunita

Other Information

Electrical:Piezoelectric
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Neptunite

Reference List:

- +
Flink, G. (1893): Om några mineral från Grönland. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholms Förhandlingar. 15, 195-208;

Hlawatsch, C. (1909), Bemerkungen zum Aragonit von Rohitsch, Natrolit, und Neptunit von S. Benito: Tschermaks Mitt.: Band 28, pp. 293-296, 1909.

Bradley, W.M. (1909), On the analysis of the mineral neptunite from San Benito County, California: Am. Jour. Sci., 4th. Series: 28: 15-16; & Zeitschr. Kristallographie, band 46: 516-517 (1909).

Ford, William Ebenezer (1909), Neptunite crystals from San Benito, California: Am. Jour. Sci., 4th. Series: 27: 235-240; …Zeitschr. Kristallographie, Band 46: 321-325 (1909).

Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1911), Notes on neptunite: USGS Bull. 490: 55-57.

Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1911), Krystallographische Notizen ueber Albit, Phenakit, und Neptunit: Zeitschr. Kristallographie, Band 48: 550-558; …USGS Bull. 490: 53-56 (1911).

Berry, Leonard G. (1963b), Neptunite: unit cell and X-ray powder data: Canadian Mineralogist:7: 679-681.

Cannillo, E., F. Mazzi & G. Rossi (1966), The crystal structure of neptunite: Acta Crystallographica: 21: 200-208.

Bancroft, G.M., R.G. Burns & A.G. Maddock (1967), Oxidation state of iron in neptunite from Mossbauer spectroscopy: Acta Crystallographica: 22: 394-395.

Laird, J. & A.L. Albee (1972), Chemical composition and physical, optical, and structural properties of benitoite, neptunite and joaquinite: American Mineralogist: 57: 85-102.

Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen (1982): 30: 237-247.

Physics and Chemistry of Minerals (1991): 18: 199.

American Mineralogist (1993): 78: 237.

Petersen, O. V & Johnsen, O. (2005): Minerals first described from Greenland. Canadian Mineralogist, Special Publication. 8, 184p

Internet Links for Neptunite

Search Engines:
  • Look for Neptunite on Google
  • Look for Neptunite images on Google
    • External Links:
  • Look for Neptunite on Webmineral
  • Look for Neptunite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Neptunite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Neptunite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Neptunite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
  • The Arkenstone - Fine Minerals
  • webminerals
  • Search for Neptunite on Well-Arranged Molecules
  • Rare and Unusual minerals at Mineralogical Research Company
  • Top quality minerals from Kristalle of California
  • rare and unusual minerals mainly crystallized
  • Fine Minerals from Weinrich Minerals, Inc.
  • Neptunite specimens for sale - minfind.com
  • Search for - Neptunite - on e-Rocks Mineral Sales & Auctions
  • Fabre Minerals - search for Neptunite specimens
  • Find Neptunite on www.crystalclassics.co.uk
  • Buy RARE Minerals from Rocks of Africa
    • Specimens:The following Neptunite specimens are currently listed for sale on minfind.com.
    Jobs:
  • Mining & Geology Jobs

    • Localities for Neptunite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Darling Co.
        • Barraba
    		Slansky, E. & Glen, R. A. (1983): Neptunite from the Woodsreef Serpentinite, New South Wales: a new occurrence. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 30, 237-247; GS 1981/231
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Poços de Caldas plateau
        • Poços de Caldas alkaline complex
    		ATENCIO, D., COUTINHO, J.M.C., ULBRICH, M.N.C., VLACH, S.R.F., RASTVETAEVA, R.K. & PUSHCHAROVSKY, D.Yu. (1999) Hainite from Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 91-98.
    • Paraná
      • Tijucas do Sul
        • Morro Redondo complex
    		Vilalva, F.C.J., and Vlach, S.R.F. (2010): Mineralogical Magazine 74(4), 645-658
    • Santa Catarina
    Canada
     
    • Newfoundland and Labrador
      • Labrador
    William Heinrich, E. & Quon, Shi H. (1963): Neptunite from Seal Lake, Labrador. Canadian Mineralogist 7, 650-654. ; Nickel, E.H., J.F. Rowland, and D.J. Charette (1964) Niobophyllite - the niobium analogue of astrophyllite; a new mineral from Seal Lake, Labrador. Can. Mineral., 8, 40-52.
        • Seal Lake area
    		\"Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences,\" G.J. Orris and R.I. Grauch, Open File Report 02-189, U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2002.; GSC database locality No. 4100
    GSC database; GSC database locality No. 4101
    • Québec
      • Montérégie
        • Rouville RCM
          • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		XRD, WDS Can. Museum of Nature data
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Narsaq
        • Igaliku (Igaliko)
          • Narssârssuk (Narsarsuk)
    		Flink, G. (1893): Om några mineral från Grönland. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholms Förhandlingar. 15, 195-208; Petersen, O. V & Johnsen, O. (2005): Minerals first described from Greenland. Canadian Mineralogist, Special Publication. 8, 184p.
        • Ilimaussaq complex
          • Kangerdluarssuq (Kangerdluarssuk; Kangerdluarsuk) Firth
            • Head of Kangerdluarssuq
              • Lilleelv
    		Danoe, M., Soerensen, H. (1959): An examination of the rare minerals from the Nepheline Syenites of south west Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Vol. 162, Nr.5, Reitzels Forlag, Koebenhavn
            • Qeqertaussaq Island
    		Soerensen, H. (1962): On the occurrence of Steenstrupine in the Ilimaussaq massif, southwest Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
    Friis, H., Balic-Zunic, T, Pekov, I., Peterson, O. (2004): Kuannersuite-(Ce), a new member of the Apatite-group, from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, South Greenland, Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 42, 95-106
    Metcalf-Johansen, J. (1977): Willemite from the Ilimaussaq alkaline Intrusion, Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 41, 71-75
          • Tasseq area
    		Found by Frank de Wit (2008)
          • Tunugdliarfik Firth (Eriksfjord)
    		Boggild, O.B. (1953): The Mineralogy of Greenland, Reitzels Forlag, Kobenhavn; Soerensen, H. (1962): On the occurence of Steenstrupine in the Ilimaussaq massif, southwest Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
    Boeggild, O.B. (1953): The Mineralogy of Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Vol. 149/3, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
    Boeggild, O.B. (1953): The Mineralogy of Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Vol. 149/3, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
    Ireland
     
    • Co. Louth
      • Carlingford
    		Nockolds, S. R. (1950): The occurrence of neptunite and eudialyte in quartz-bearing syenites from Barnavave, Carlingford, Ireland. Mineralogical Magazine 29, 27-33.
    Mongolia
     
    • Gobi Desert
    		J Kynický, C Xu, J Mašek, O Jaroš, H Káňová (2009) Arfvedsonite pegmatites of Khan Bogd massif, Mongolia: Zr mineralization. pp222-224 in Czech
    Jindrich Kynicky
    • Hovd Aimag (Khovd Aimag)
      • Altai Mts
        • Khaldzan Buragtag massif
    		U. Kempe, J. Götze, S. Dandar and D. Habermann (1999) Magmatic and Metasomatic Processes During Formation of the Nb-Zr-REE Deposits Khaldzan Buregte and Tsakhir (Mongolian Altai): Indications from a Combined CL-SEM Study. Mineralogical Magazine 63:165-177.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Buriatia (Buryatia)
          • Mama River Basin
            • Maigunda River
    		Bailey, J. C: Formation of cryolite and other aluminofluorides: A petrologic review. Bull. geol. Soc. Denmark, vol. 29, pp. 1-45. Copenhagen, June 10th, 1980.
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
        • Aldan Shield
          • Aldan
            • Inagli Massif
    		N.V. Chukanov et al.: Zap. Vses. Mineral. Obshch. 133(1):59-72 (2004)
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Khibiny Massif
          • Lovozero Massif
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Sorokhtina N.V., Voloshin A.V., Pakhomovskii Ya.A., Selivanova E.A. (2004) The first find of daqingshanite-(Ce) on Kola peninsula, - Trudy 1 Fersmanovskoi Nauchnoi Sessii Kolskogo Otdeleniya VMO, Apatity,pt.1, pp. 34-36 (in Russ.)
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
            • Seidozero Lake
    		Pekov, I. et al (2003): New Data on Minerals: 38: 20-33.
    Pavel M. Kartashov data; Semenov E.I. (1972) Mineralogy of Lovozero alkaline massif, - Moscow, Nauka, p. 308 (in Rus.)
    Tajikistan
     
    • Region of Republican Subordination
      • Tien Shan Mts
        • Alai (Alayskiy) Range
    		Agakhanov, A.A., Pautov, L.A., Uvarova, Y.A., Sokolova, E.V., Hawthorne, F.C., Karpenko, V.Yu. (2005): Senkevichite, CsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18(OH)], a new mineral. New Data on Minerals, 40, 11-16
    USA
     
    • California
      • San Benito Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • New Idria District
    		www.benitoitemine.com
            • Picacho Peak
              • Clear Creek area
                • Hernandez
                  • Clear Creek
    		www.mineralsocal.org; William S. Wise (1982) Strontiojoaquinite and bario-orthojoaquinite: two new members of the joaquinite group . American Mineralogist 67:809-816.
    Joseph F. Cooper Jr., Gail E. Dunning, Ted A.Hadley (2003) Minerology of the Victor Claim, Clear Creek Area, New Idria District, San Benito County, California.
            • San Benito Mountain Natural Area
              • San Benito Peak (San Benito Mountain)
    		William S. Wise (1982) Strontiojoaquinite and bario-orthojoaquinite: two new members of the joaquinite group . American Mineralogist 67:809-816.
            • San Benito River headwaters area
              • Dallas Gem Mine area
    		Louderback, George Davis & Walter C. Blasdale (1907), Benitoite, a new California gem mineral, with chemical analysis by Walter C. Blasdale: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 5: 149-153; Arnold, Ralph (1908), Notes on the occurrence of the recently described gem material, benitoite: Science, new series: 27: 312-314; Ford, William Ebenezer (1909), Neptunite crystals from San Benito, California: American Journal of Science, 4th. Series: 27: 235-240; Louderback, George Davis & Walter C. Blasdale (1909), Benitoite, its mineralogy, paragenesis and mode of occurrence: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 5: 354; Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1911d), Notes on neptunite: USGS Bulletin 490: 55-57; Buttgenbach, H. (1937-38), Sur un crystal de neptunite: Soc. Geol.. de Belgique Liege Annales: 61: 324-325; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 102; Wise, W.S & Gill, R.H. (1977): Minerals of the Benitoite Gem mine. Mineralogical Record 8, 442-452; William S. Wise (1982) Strontiojoaquinite and bario-orthojoaquinite: two new members of the joaquinite group . American Mineralogist 67:809-81
                • North of the Dallas Gem Mine
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 467.
    • Montana
      • Meagher Co.
    		Chakhmouradian, A. R. & Mitchell, R. H. (2002): The mineralogy of Ba- and Zr-rich alkaline pegmatites from Gordon Butte, Crazy Mountains (Montana, USA): comparisons between potassic and sodic agpaitic pegmatites. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 143, 93-114.
    • New Mexico
      • Colfax Co.
        • Springer
          • Point of Rocks Mesa (Pecks Mesa)
    		Rocks & Min.:60:229.
    • North Carolina
      • Alexander Co.
    		Collected & identified by Michael Reynolds
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Search Google
     
    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2013. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
    Current server date and time: 5th May 2013 10:59:56
    Mineral and Locality Search
    Mineral:
    and/or Locality:
    Options
    Fade toolbar when not in focusFix toolbar to bottom of page
    Hide Social Media Links
    Slideshow frame delay seconds