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Spinel Group

Big Photo

Siedlimowice, Świdnica District, Strzegom-Sobótka Massif, Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie), Poland
© L Kruszewski 2007

Formula:
AB
 
2
O
 
4


Cubic oxides of general formula AB2O4. These species are sub-divided into three series: Spinel series (Al), Magnetite series (Fe), and the Chromite series (Cr).

Compare also Thiospinel Group, a group of spinel-type non-oxides.

Classification of Spinel Group

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Chemical Properties of Spinel Group

Formula:
AB
 
2
O
 
4

Relationship of Spinel Group to other Species

Minerals in Group:
Chromite:
FeCr
 
2
O
 
4
Franklinite:
Zn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
Gahnite:
ZnAl
 
2
O
 
4
Galaxite:
(Mn,Fe,Mg)(Al,Fe)
 
2
O
 
4
Hercynite:
FeAl
 
2
O
 
4
Jacobsite:
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
Magnesiochromite:
MgCr
 
2
O
 
4
Magnesioferrite:
MgFe
3+
2
O
 
4
Magnetite:
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
Spinel:
MgAl
 
2
O
 
4
Trevorite:
Ni
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4

Other Names for Spinel Group

Other Languages:
Japanese:尖晶石

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Spinel Group

Reference List:Rinne (1928), Jb. Min., Beil.-Bd.: 58: 43.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 687-689.

Navrotsky, A. and Kleppa, O.J. (1967), The thermodynamics of cation distributions in simple spinels. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry: 29: 2701-2714.

Hill, R.J., Craig, J.R., and Gibbs, G.V. (1979) Systematics of the spinel structure type. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 4: 317-339.

Essene, E.J. and Peacor, D.R. (1983) Crystal chemistry and petrology of coexisting galaxite and jacobsite and other spinel solutions and solvi. American Mineralogist: 68: 449-455.

Grimes, N.W., Thompson, P., and Kay, H.F. (1983) New symmetry and structure for spinel. Proceedings of the Royal Society: A386: 333-345.

O'Neill, H. St.C. and Navrotsky, A. (1983), Simple spinels: crystallographic parameters, cation radii, lattice energies, and cation distribution. American Mineralogist: 68: 181-194.

Navrotsky, A. (1986), Cation-distribution energetics and heats of mixing in MgFe2O4-MgAl2O4, ZnFe2O4-ZnAl2O4, and NiAl2O4-ZnAl2O4 spinels: study by high-temperature calorimetry. American Mineralogist: 71: 1160-1169.

Princivalle, F., Della Giusta, A., and Carbonin, S. (1989) Comparative crystal chemistry of spinels from some suites of ultramafic rocks. Mineralogy and Petrology: 40: 117-126.

O'Neill, H.St.C. and Dollase, W.A. (1994) Crystal structures and cation distribution in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4, and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 20: 541-555.

Hazen, R.M. and Yang, H. (1999), effects of cation substitution and order-disorder on P-V-T equations of state of cubic spinels. American Mineralogist: 84: 1956-1960.

Lavrentiev, M.Y., Purton, J.A., and Allan, N.L. (2003), Ordering in spinels - a Monte Carlo study. American Mineralogist: 88: 1522-1531.

Papike, J.J., Karner, J.M., and Shearer, C.K. (2005) Comparative planetary mineralogy: Valence-state partitioning of Cr, Fe, Ti and V among crystallographic sites in olivine, pyroxene, and spinel from planetary basalts. American Mineralogist: 90: 277-290.

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    Localities for Spinel Group

    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Germany
     
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Olbernhau
          • Oberlochmühle
    		Schmädicke, E., and Evans, B.W. (1997): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 127, 57-74.
          • Zöblitz
    		Schmädicke, E., and Evans, B.W. (1997): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 127, 57-74.
    Schmädicke, E., and Evans, B.W. (1997): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 127, 57-74.
    • Thuringia
      • Meiningen
    		Schüller, A. (1953): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 3(6), 472-494.
    Italy
     
    • Latium
      • Rome Province
        • Trevignano Romano
    		Gresta, S., Duronio, F., Mancinella D. (2002): Geositi e Sistema delle Aree Protette del Lazio: idee per la geoconservazione. Il Cercapietre. Not. del Gruppo Mineralogico Romano, 1-2: 48-55
    Romania
     
    • Caras-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Gătaia
    		Seghedi I., Ntaflos T. 2006: G˘ataia lamproite (SW Romania). Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 29, 188-191
    Mineral and/or Locality
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