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Norbergite

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Limecrest Quarry, Sparta Township, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA

Show Norbergite Photos (48)



Formula:
Mg
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
System:OrthorhombicColour:Orange-yellow to brown.
Lustre:VitreousHardness:6 - 6½
Member of:Humite Group
Name:After the type locality: The Östanmoss Mine, Norberg, Västmanland, Sweden.


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Classification of Norbergite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/B.04-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.AF.40

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:52.3.2a.1

52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
3 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] coordination only
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.1.9

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
1 : Silicates with fluoride (not containing Al)
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Type Occurrence of Norbergite

Type Locality:Östanmoss mine, Norberg, Västmanland, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1926

Physical Properties of Norbergite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Orange-yellow to brown.
Hardness (Mohs):6 - 6½

Crystallography of Norbergite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:a = 8.747(6) Å, b = 4.710(4) Å, c = 10.271(8) Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.857 : 1 : 2.181
Unit Cell Volume:V 423.15 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Comment:Space-group Pmcn (non-standard setting); data for synthetic material
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
3.058 (100)
2.639 (75)
2.408 (35)
2.255 (70)
2.230 (80)
1.7241 (50)
1.4763 (45)
Comments:For synthetic material

Optical Data of Norbergite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.563 nβ = 1.567 nγ = 1.590
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.027

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:strong

Chemical Properties of Norbergite

Formula:
Mg
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
Essential elements:F, Mg, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:F, H, Mg, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Al,Fe,Mn,Zn,Ca,H2O

Relationship of Norbergite to other Species

Member of:Humite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Alleghanyite
Mn
2+
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Chegemite
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
Edgrewite
Ca
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
F
 
2
Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
Hydroxylchondrodite
Mg
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Hydroxylclinohumite
Mg
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
Jerrygibbsite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
Kumtyubeite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
F
 
2
Leucophoenicite
Mn
2+
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Reinhardbraunsite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
Ribbeite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Sonolite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
F
 
2
Unnamed (F-analogue of Chegemite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.AF.05Sillimanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.10Andalusite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.10Kanonaite
Mn
3+
 
Al(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.15Kyanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.20Mullite
Al
 
4+2x
Si
 
2-2x
O
 
10-x
9.AF.20Krieselite
(Al,Ga)
 
2
(GeO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
9.AF.23Boromullite
Al
 
9
BSi
 
2
O
 
19
9.AF.25Yoderite
Mg(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
O(OH)
9.AF.30Magnesiostaurolite
(Mg,Li,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.30Staurolite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Zn)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH,O)
 
2
9.AF.30Zincostaurolite
(Zn,Li,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.35Topaz
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Alleghanyite
Mn
2+
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Reinhardbraunsite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.45Kumtyubeite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
F
 
2
9.AF.45Hydroxylchondrodite
Mg
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
F
 
2
9.AF.55Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.55Sonolite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.55Hydroxylclinohumite
Mg
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.60Leucophoenicite
Mn
2+
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.65Ribbeite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.70Jerrygibbsite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.75Franciscanite
Mn
2+
6
(V
5+
 
,☐)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
9.AF.75Örebroite
Mn
2+
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Sb
5+
 
)(SiO
 
4
)(O,OH)
 
3
9.AF.75Welinite
Mn
2+
6
(W
6+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
9.AF.80Ellenbergerite
Mg
 
6
(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)
 
2
(Al,Mg)
 
6
Si
 
8
O
 
28
(OH)
 
10
9.AF.85Chloritoid
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.85Magnesiochloritoid
MgAl
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.85Ottrélite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.90Poldervaartite
CaCa[SiO
 
3
(OH)](OH)
9.AF.90Olmiite
CaMn
2+
 
[SiO
 
3
(OH)](OH)
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.1.1Hectorite
Na
 
0.3
(Mg,Li)
 
3
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.3Agrellite
NaCa
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
F
17.1.4Apophyllite-(NaF)
NaCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)F · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.5Apophyllite-(KF)
KCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)(F,OH) · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.6Apophyllite-(KOH)
KCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)(OH,F) · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.7Hsianghualite
Ca
 
3
Li
 
2
(Be
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
)F
 
2
17.1.8Leucophanite
NaCaBeSi
 
2
O
 
6
F
17.1.10Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.11Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.12Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.13Canasite
K
 
2
Na
 
4
Ca
 
5
(Si
 
12
O
 
30
(OH,F)
 
4
17.1.14Charoite
(K,Sr)
 
15-16
(Ca,Na)
 
32
[Si
 
6
O
 
11
(O,OH)
 
6
]
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
18
(O,OH)
 
12
]
 
2
[Si
 
17
O
 
25
(O,OH)
 
18
]
 
2
(OH,F)
 
4
 · ~3H
 
2
O
17.1.15Cuspidine
Ca
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.16Bultfonteinite
Ca
 
2
(HSiO
 
4
)F · H
 
2
O
17.1.17Zeophyllite
Ca
 
4
Si
 
3
O
 
8
(OH,F)
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
17.1.18Rowlandite-(Y)
(Y,Ce)
 
4
Fe
2+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
F
 
2
 (?)
17.1.19Yuksporite
(K,Ba)NaCa
 
2
(Si,Ti)
 
4
O
 
11
(F,OH) · H
 
2
O
17.1.20Yftisite-(Y)
(Y,Dy,Er)
 
4
(Ti,Sn)(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
O(F,OH)
 
6
17.1.21Mosandrite
(◻,Ca,Na)
 
3
(Ca,REE)
 
4
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
[H
 
2
O,OH,F]
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
17.1.22Hiortdahlite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
17.1.23Burpalite
Na
 
2
CaZr(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)F
 
2
17.1.24Seidozerite
Na
 
8
Mn
2+
2
Zr
 
3
Ti
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
O
 
4
F
 
4
17.1.25Thorosteenstrupine
CaMnThSi
 
4
O
 
11
(OH)F · 6H
 
2
O
17.1.26Zircophyllite
(K,Na)
 
3
(Mn,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(Zr,Ti)
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH,F)
 
7
17.1.27Jinshajiangite
BaNaFe
2+
4
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
F
17.1.28Rosenbuschite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)OF
17.1.29Narsarsukite
Na
 
4
(Ti,Fe)
 
2
[Si
 
8
O
 
20
](O,OH,F)
 
2
17.1.30Sonolite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2

Other Names for Norbergite

Synonyms:
Grothine
Other Languages:
German:Norbergit
Russian:Норбергит
Simplified Chinese:块硅镁石
Spanish:Norbergita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Norbergite

Reference List:

- +
Geijer, P. (1926): Norbergite and fluoborite, two new minerals from the Norberg
mining district. Geol. Fören. Förhandl. Stockholm, 48, 84-85.
Gibbs, G.V. and P.H. Ribbe (1969): The crystal structure of the humite minerals: I. Norbergite. American Mineralogist 54, 376-390.

American Mineralogist (1982): 67: 538.

Internet Links for Norbergite

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    • External Links:
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  • Look for Norbergite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Norbergite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Norbergite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Specimens:The following Norbergite specimens are currently listed for sale on minfind.com.
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    • Localities for Norbergite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Tasmania
      • Waratah district
        • Waratah
    		Bottrill
    Canada
     
    • Ontario
      • Peterborough Co.
        • Galway and Cavendish Township
          • Kinmount
    		Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Survey 39.
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Témiscamingue RCM
          • Les Lacs-du-Témiscamingue
    		Strübel, Zimmer: "Lexikon der Minerale", 2nd Ed., 1991; Kenneth L. Currie and Otto van Breemen (1996)The origin of rare minerals in the Kipawa syenite complex, western Quebec. Can Mineral 34:435-451
      • Outaouais
        • Pontiac RCM
          • Otter Lake
    		M A G Lafontaine (1979) Uranium-Thorium Deposite at the Yates Mine, Huddersfield Township, Quebec. MSc thesis, University of Ottawa.
    Finland
     
    • Southwestern Finland Region
      • Pargas (Parainen)
    		No reference listed
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
          • Monte Somma
            • Ercolano
              • San Vito
    		Cassinelli C. (1986) - Norbergite e Thaumasite della Cava San Vito. Due nuove specie del Vesuvio - Rivista Min. Italiana, Milano, fasc. 1, 1986, pp. 36-39
      • Phlegrean Volcanic Complex
        • Salerno Province
          • Nocera
            • Lavorate
    		Carati, M., (????): I minerali degli inclusi metamorfosati nel tufo grigio campano, ???
    Pakistan
     
    • Gilgit-Baltistan (Northern Areas)
      • Gilgit District
        • Hunza Valley
    		Bernard and Hyršl, 2004. Minerals and Their Localities
    Romania
     
    • Bihor Co.
      • Nucet
    		No reference listed
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Karelia Republic
        • Ladoga Region
    		No reference listed
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
    		Cesnokov, B., Kotrly, M. and Nisanbajev, T. (1998): Brennende Abraumhalden und Aufschlüsse im Tscheljabinsker Kohlenbecken - eine reiche Mineralienküche. Mineralien-Welt, 9 (3), 54-63 (in German).
    Sweden
     
    • Västmanland
      • Norberg
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    Geijer, P. (1926): Norbergite and Fluoborite, two new minerals from the Norberg mining district. Preliminary report. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlinger. 48, 84-85
    No reference listed
    USA
     
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Palache(1935):102-103; Dunn(1995):Pt2:163 & Pt3:346.
    Rocks & Min.: 21:760-761.
    Betancourt, P.P. (The Picking Table, Vol. 27(2):2-10; Dunn(1995):Pt3:346.
    Dunn(1995):Pt2:161.
          • Ogdensburg
            • Sterling Hill
    		Dunn(1995):Pt3:346.
    Sight identigfication by experienced local collectors and museum officials.
        • Hamburg
    		Dunn, P.J. (1995), Pt 2: 169.
        • Hardyston Township
          • Rudeville
    		Sinhalite = personal communication with Dr. Paulus Moore (unpublished); remainder - common knowledge among local collectors.
        • Sparta Township
    		A Quest for New Jersey Minerals, Robert Speiser (1978):9.
        • Vernon Township
          • McAfee
    		Observed David S. Bernstein, February of 2012
    • New York
      • Orange Co.
        • Town of Warwick
          • Amity
    		Rhein Collection
      • St. Lawrence Co.
        • Balmat-Edwards Zinc District
    		NY State Museum spec. no. 12664
    Petersen, E., Essene, D., Peacor, D. (1982): Fluorine end-member micas and amphiboles, American mineralogist, Vol. 67, 538-544
        • Gouverneur
    		Fredric Schuster
    • Vermont
      • Windham Co.
        • Townshend
    		Rocks & Min. Vol. 71, (1996)
    Mineral and/or Locality
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