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Orthochrysotile

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System:OrthorhombicHardness:2½ - 3
Member of:Serpentine Group
A polytype of Chrysotile

Originally described from Cuddapah, Chennai (Madras), Andhra Pradesh, India.

Classification of Orthochrysotile

IMA status:Discredited 2006
Explanation of status:A polytype of chrysotile
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/H.27-40

8 : Silicates
H : Phyllosilicates (layered), Tetragonal or pseudotetragonal layered structures [Si4O10]4- and others
27 : Serpentine group
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.4.6

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
4 : Silicates of Mg
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Physical Properties of Orthochrysotile

Hardness (Mohs):2½ - 3

Crystallography of Orthochrysotile

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 5.34Å, b = 9.24Å, c = 14.2Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.578 : 1 : 1.537
Unit Cell Volume:V 700.65 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Orthochrysotile

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.545 - 1.569 nβ = 1.546 - 1.569 nγ = 1.553 - 1.571
2V:Measured: 20° to 60°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.008

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:relatively weak

Relationship of Orthochrysotile to other Species

Member of:Serpentine Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Amesite
Mg
 
2
Al(AlSiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Antigorite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Baumite
(Mg,Al,Mn,Zn,Fe)
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
Berthierine
(Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,AlMg)
 
2-3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Brindleyite
(Ni,Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Al(Si,Al)O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Caryopilite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Chrysotile
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Clinochrysotile
Cronstedtite
Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
((Si,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Dickite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Fraipontite
(Zn,Al)
 
3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Greenalite
Fe
 
2-3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Halloysite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Kaolinite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Kellyite
Mn
2+
2
Al(AlSiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Lizardite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Manandonite
LiAl
 
4
(BSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
6
Nacrite
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Népouite
(Ni,Mg)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Odinite
(Fe,Mg,Al,Fe,Ti,Mn)
 
2.4
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Parachrysotile
Pecoraite
Ni
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
Vorhauserite
Related Minerals - Strunz Grouping):

- +
8/H.27-10Antigorite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-20Lizardite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-50Parachrysotile
8/H.27-55Caryopilite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-60Greenalite
Fe
 
2-3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-70Berthierine
(Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,AlMg)
 
2-3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-80Fraipontite
(Zn,Al)
 
3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-95Dozyite
Mg
 
7
Al
 
2
(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
15
)(OH)
 
12
8/H.27-100Amesite
Mg
 
2
Al(AlSiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-110Kellyite
Mn
2+
2
Al(AlSiO
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-120Cronstedtite
Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
((Si,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-140Karpinskite
(Ni,Mg)
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
2
 (?)
8/H.27-150Népouite
(Ni,Mg)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-160Pecoraite
Ni
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-170Brindleyite
(Ni,Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Al(Si,Al)O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
8/H.27-190Carlosturanite
(Mg,Fe,Ti)
 
21
(Si,Al)
 
12
O
 
28
(OH)
 
34
•H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
14.4.1Forsterite
Mg
 
2
SiO
 
4
14.4.2Enstatite
MgSiO
 
3
14.4.3Clinoenstatite
MgSiO
 
3
14.4.4Chrysotile
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
14.4.5Clinochrysotile
14.4.7Parachrysotile
14.4.8Lizardite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
14.4.9Talc
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
14.4.10Spadaite
MgSiO
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O (?)
14.4.11Sepiolite
Mg
 
4
(Si
 
6
O
 
15
)(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
14.4.12Loughlinite
Na
 
2
Mg
 
3
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 8H
 
2
O
14.4.13Eifelite
KNa
 
3
Mg
 
4
Si
 
12
O
 
30
14.4.14Stevensite
(Ca,Na)
 
x
Mg
 
3-x
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
14.4.15Antigorite
Mg
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
14.4.16 Magnesio-anthophyllite

Other Names for Orthochrysotile

Other Languages:
German:Orthochrysotil

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Orthochrysotile

Reference List:

- +
Whittaker, E.J.W. (1956b) The structure of chrysotile . III. Orthochrysotile. Acta Crystallographica: 9: 862-864.

Internet Links for Orthochrysotile

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    • Localities for Orthochrysotile

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Estrie
        • Les Sources RCM
          • Asbestos
    		Van King
    China
     
    • Jilin Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Tonghua Prefecture
        • Ji'an Co.
    		Youqin Li, Shaoying Jiang, and Wenwei Fan (1981): Chinese Journal of Geology 24(3)
    India
     
    • Andhra Pradesh
    		Rev. Min. (1988), 91
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Yamaguchi Prefecture
          • Iwakuni City
            • Nishiki-cho
    		Motoiki Saito (1973) Some serpentine minerals occurring in Yamaguchi prefecture, Japan. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University, series C, 7, 21-36.
              • Mitake
    		Motoiki Saito (1973) Some serpentine minerals occurring in Yamaguchi prefecture, Japan. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University, series C, 7, 21-36.
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Kongsberg
    		Bancroft, P., Nordrum, F.S. & Lyckberg, P.(2001): Kongsberg revisited. Mineralogical Record 32: 181-205
    Swaziland
     
    • Hhohho District
      • Bulembu (Havelock)
    		Canadian Mineralogist (1979) 17:679-691
    Sweden
     
    • Småland
      • Jönköping
        • Månsarp
    		Hans Thulin
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Albula Valley
        • Landwasser Valley
          • Davos
            • Wolfgang
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 114-115.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Gila Co.
        • Fort Apache Indian Reservation
          • Salt River
    		Tony Nikischer
        • Salt River District
          • Chrysotile area
    		Tony Nikischer
    • California
      • Calaveras Co.
        • Copperopolis
      • San Francisco Co.
    		Schlocker, J. (1974) Geology of the San Francisco North quadrangle. USGS Professional Paper 782, 109 pp.: 58; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 424.
    • Nevada
      • Eureka Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Gabbs District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
    		Dunn(1995):Pt4:485.
    • Vermont
      • Orleans & Lamoille Cos.
        • Lowell & Eden
    		 Chidester, A.H., Albee, A.L., and Cady, W.M., (1978). Petrology, structure and genesis of the asbestos-bearing ultramafic rocks of the Belvidere Mountain area in Vermont: U.S. Geologic Survey Professional Paper 1016
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