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Parabutlerite

Big Photo

Tierra Amarilla, Copiapó Province, Atacama Region, Chile
© Thomas Witzke

Show Parabutlerite Photos (7)
Formula:
Fe
3+
 
[OH|SO
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
System:OrthorhombicColour:Pale orange to pale ...
Hardness:2½
Name:In allusion to its resemblance to Butlerite.
This page provides mineralogical data about Parabutlerite.

Classification of Parabutlerite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/D.01-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.DC.10

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
Dana 8th edition ID:31.9.2.1

31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
9 : (AB)(XO4)Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.10.16

25 : Sulphates
10 : Sulphates of Fe alone
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Type Occurrence of Parabutlerite

Co-type Localities:Alcaparrosa Mine, Cerritos Bayos, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta Region, Chile
Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta Region, Chile
Year of Discovery:1938

Physical Properties of Parabutlerite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Pale orange to pale orange-brown; light yellow in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Poor/Indistinct
On {110}, poor.
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):2.55 g/cm3

Crystallography of Parabutlerite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:a = 7.38Å, b = 20.13Å, c = 7.22Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.367 : 1 : 0.359
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,072.60 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals prismatic [001]. The prism zone is striated [001].
Twinning:On {142}, rare.

Epitaxial Relationships of Parabutlerite

Epitaxial Minerals:
Butlerite
Epitaxi Comments:Intergrowths, with {011} of parabutlerite nearly parallel to {001} and {100} of butlerite.

Optical Data of Parabutlerite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.598 nβ = 1.663 nγ = 1.737
2V:Measured: 87° , Calculated: 90°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.139

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r < v weak
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:Alcaparrosa material:
X = b = Light yellow
Y = c = Greenish yellow
Z = a = Brownish yellow

Argentinian material:
X = b = Colourless
Y = c = Faint yellow
Z = a = Light yellow
Comments:NOTE: 2V value for Argentinian material = 43°30'.

Chemical Properties of Parabutlerite

Formula:
Fe
3+
 
[OH|SO
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Fe, H, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, O, S

Relationship of Parabutlerite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.DC.05Aluminite
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|SO
 
4
] · 7H
 
2
O
7.DC.05Meta-aluminite
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|SO
 
4
] · 5H
 
2
O
7.DC.10Butlerite
Fe
3+
 
[OH|SO
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
7.DC.15Fibroferrite
Fe
3+
 
[OH|SO
 
4
] · 5H
 
2
O
7.DC.20Xitieshanite
Fe
3+
 
[Cl|SO
 
4
] · 6H
 
2
O
7.DC.25Botryogen
MgFe
3+
 
[OH|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 7H
 
2
O
7.DC.25Zincobotryogen
(Zn,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)Fe
3+
 
[OH|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 7H
 
2
O
7.DC.30Chaidamuite
ZnFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)·4H
 
2
O
7.DC.30Guildite
CuFe
3+
 
[OH|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 4H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.10.1Szomolnokite
FeSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
25.10.2Rozenite
FeSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
25.10.3Siderotil
FeSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
25.10.4Ferrohexahydrite
FeSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
25.10.5Melanterite
FeSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
25.10.6Rhomboclase
(H
 
5
O
 
2
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
25.10.7Lausenite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·6H
 
2
O
25.10.8Kornelite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·7H
 
2
O
25.10.9Coquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·9H
 
2
O
25.10.10Paracoquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·9H
 
2
O
25.10.11Quenstedtite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·10H
 
2
O
25.10.12Ferricopiapite
Fe
 
5
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
O(OH)·20H
 
2
O
25.10.13Metahohmannite
Fe
3+
2
[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 4H
 
2
O
25.10.14Hohmannite
Fe
3+
2
[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 8H
 
2
O
25.10.15Butlerite
Fe
3+
 
[OH|SO
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
25.10.17Amarantite
Fe
3+
2
[O|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 7H
 
2
O
25.10.18Fibroferrite
Fe
3+
 
[OH|SO
 
4
] · 5H
 
2
O
25.10.19Hydroniumjarosite
(H
 
3
O)Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.10.20Römerite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·14H
 
2
O
25.10.21Bílinite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
25.10.22Copiapite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
[OH|(SO
 
4
)
 
3
]
 
2
 · 20H
 
2
O

Other Names for Parabutlerite

Other Languages:
German:Parabutlerit
Russian:Парабутлерит
Spanish:Parabutlerita

Other Information

Other Information:Insoluble in cold or hot water; soluble in dilute acids.

Observed as pseudomorphs after copiapite.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Parabutlerite

Reference List:Bandy (1938) American Mineralogist: 23: 742-745.

Gordon (1941) Academy of Sciences of Philadelphia, Not. Nat., no. 89.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 610-611.

Bulletin de Mineralogie (1970): 93: 185-189.

Internet Links for Parabutlerite

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    Localities for Parabutlerite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • San Juan
      • La Alcaparrosa
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 480, 609, 611, 1014.
    Chile
     
    • Antofagasta Region
      • El Loa Province
        • Calama
          • Cerritos Bayos
    		Amer.Min.(1938) 23, 742-745; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 611.
          • Chuquicamata District
    		Bandy (1938) American Mineralogist: 23: 742-745; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 611.
            • Toki Cu deposit
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 611.
    • Atacama Region
      • Copiapó Province
    • Tarapacá Region
      • Iquique Province
        • Pampa del Tamarugal
    		Peter G. Seroka collection
    China
     
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Prefecture
        • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Co.
    		Xu Ying-xia, Ding Kui-shou, Qin Ke-zhang, Miao Yu, Fang Tong-hui, Xu Xing-wang, and Sun He (2006): Geology in China 33(3), 605-616.
    Cyprus
     
    • Nicosia District
      • Mitsero
    		rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/parabutlerite.pdf
    Hungary
     
    • Fejér Co.
      • Vértes Mts.
    		ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Bakony Mts.
        • Nyirád
    		ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
    Iran
     
    • Yazd Province
      • Saghand (Sagand; Saqand)
    Spain
     
    • Andalusia
      • Huelva
        • Minas de Riotinto
    		[MinRec 27:284]
    USA
     
    • California
      • Inyo Co.
        • Death Valley
    		www.mineralsocal.org
    • New Mexico
      • Santa Fe Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • Utah
      • Emery Co.
        • San Rafael District (San Rafael Swell)
          • Calf Mesa
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    Am.Min.40:469
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 8th Nov 2009 05:14:04