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Parahopeite

Big Photo

Kabwe Mine (Broken Hill Mine), Kabwe (Broken Hill), Central Province, Zambia
© O. Dziallas

Show Parahopeite Photos (11)
Formula:
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
System:TriclinicColour:Colourless; colourless ...
Hardness:3½
Name:In allusion to its polymorphic relationship to hopeite.
Dimorph of:Hopeite
This page provides mineralogical data about Parahopeite.

Classification of Parahopeite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/C.11-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.CA.70

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
A : With small and large/medium cations
Dana 8th edition ID:40.3.3.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.6.4

19 : Phosphates
6 : Phosphates of Zn
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Type Occurrence of Parahopeite

Type Locality:Kabwe Mine (Broken Hill Mine), Kabwe (Broken Hill), Central Province, Zambia
Year of Discovery:1907
Associated Minerals at type locality:
TarbuttitePyromorphiteLimoniteHemimorphite

Physical Properties of Parahopeite

Lustre:Vitreous, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Comment:Lustre somewhat pearly on the cleavage.
Colour:Colourless; colourless in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):3½
Cleavage:Perfect
On {010}, perfect.
Density (measured):3.31 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.304 g/cm3

Crystallography of Parahopeite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:P1
Cell Parameters:a = 5.76Å, b = 7.54Å, c = 5.27Å
α = 93.44°, β = 91.2°, γ = 91.4°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.764 : 1 : 0.699
Unit Cell Volume:V 228.34 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals elongated [001] and tabular {100}; frequently grouped in sub-parallel aggregates or fan-like or tufted groups.
Twinning:On {100}, polysynthetic, common.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Parahopeite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.614 nβ = 1.625 nγ = 1.637
2V:Measured: 90°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.023

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r > v moderately strong
Comments:2V nearly 90°.

Chemical Properties of Parahopeite

Formula:
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, O, P, Zn
All elements listed in formula:H, O, P, Zn

Relationship of Parahopeite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.CA.05Fransoletite
Ca
 
3
Be
 
2
[HPO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.CA.05Parafransoletite
Ca
 
3
Be
 
2
[HPO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.CA.10Ehrleite
Ca
 
4
Be
 
3
Zn
 
2
[PO
 
4
]
 
6
 · 9H
 
2
O
8.CA.15Faheyite
(Mn,Mg,Na)Be
 
2
Fe
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
8.CA.20Gainesite
Na(Na,K)(Be,Li)Zr
 
2
[PO
 
4
]
 
4
 · 1.5-2H
 
2
O
8.CA.20Mccrillisite
NaCs(Be,Li)Zr
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
·1-2H
 
2
O
8.CA.20Selwynite
NaK(Be,Al)Zr
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.25Pahasapaite
Li
 
8
(Ca,Li,K)
 
10.5
Be
 
24
(PO
 
4
)
 
24
·38H
 
2
O
8.CA.30Hopeite
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
8.CA.35Warikahnite
Zn
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.40Phosphophyllite
Zn
 
2
Fe(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
8.CA.45Parascholzite
CaZn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.45Scholzite
CaZn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.50Keyite
Cu
2+
3
Zn
 
4
Cd
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
6
·2H
 
2
O
8.CA.55Pushcharovskite
K
 
0.6
Cu
 
18
[AsO
 
2
(OH)
 
2
]
 
4
[AsO
 
3
OH]
 
10
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
 
9.6
·18.6H
 
2
O
8.CA.60Prosperite
CaZn
 
2
[OH|HAsO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
8.CA.65Gengenbachite
KFe
3+
3
[H
 
2
PO
 
4
|(HPO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
19.6.1Tarbuttite
Zn
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
19.6.2Spencerite
Zn
 
4
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.6.3Hopeite
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
19.6.5Veszelyite
(Cu,Zn)
 
2
Zn(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
19.6.6Kipushite
(Cu,Zn)
 
5
Zn[(OH)
 
3
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
19.6.7Scholzite
CaZn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
19.6.8Parascholzite
CaZn
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
19.6.9Ehrleite
Ca
 
4
Be
 
3
Zn
 
2
[PO
 
4
]
 
6
 · 9H
 
2
O
19.6.10Faustite
(Zn,Cu)Al
 
6
[(OH)
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.6.11Aheylite
(Fe
2+
 
,Zn)Al
 
6
[(OH)
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.6.12Jungite
Ca
 
2
Zn
 
4
Fe
3+
8
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
9
 · 16H
 
2
O
19.6.13Schoonerite
ZnMn
2+
 
Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
 
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
 · 9H
 
2
O
19.6.14Phosphophyllite
Zn
 
2
Fe(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O

Other Names for Parahopeite

Other Languages:
German:Parahopeit
Russian:Парагопеит
Spanish:Parahopeita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Parahopeite

Reference List:Spencer (1908) Mineralogical Magazine: 15: 18.

Walker (1918) University of Toronto Studies, Geology Series, no. 10: 16.

Ledoux, Walker, and Wheatley (1919) Mineralogical Magazine: 18: 101.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 117.

Wolfe (1940) American Mineralogist: 25: 788.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 733-734.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 130: 261-266.

Mineralogical Magazine (1974): 39: 684-695.

Internet Links for Parahopeite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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    Localities for Parahopeite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • South Flinders Ranges
          • Martins Well
    		Johnston, C.W . & Hill, R.J. (1978): Zinc phosphates at Reaphook Hill South Australia. Mineralogical Record 9,(1), 20-24
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Nelson Mining Division
        • Salmo
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 734 & 753.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Vohenstrauß
            • Pleystein
    		Dill, H.G., Weber, B. (2009), Pleystein-City on Pegmatite, 4th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites, Recife, Brazil.
            • Waidhaus
              • Hagendorf
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm
    • Hesse
      • North Hesse
        • Richelsdorf District
          • Süss
            • Richelsdorf Smelter
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
          • Oberschulenberg
    		Lapis, 11 (1), 9-18+42
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Caldbeck Fells
            • Roughton Gill
    		No reference listed
      • North Yorkshire
        • North Pennines
          • Wharfedale
            • Grassington
              • Grassington Moor
    		Dunham, Sir K. C. Geology of the North Pennine Orefield, Volume 2 Stainmore to Craven (2nd Edition), pp 199.
    Zambia
     
    • Central Province
      • Kabwe (Broken Hill)
    		Nature (1907) 77, 143; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 734; Mineralogical Record: 11: 339.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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