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Parakhinite

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Big Photo

Empire Mine, Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA
© Brent Thorne 2010

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Formula:
Pb
2+
 
Cu
2+
3
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
System:TrigonalColour:Green
Name:For its relationship to Khinite


Appears to be a polytype of khinite.

The structure of parakhinite contains layers of edge-sharing {Cu(O,OH)6} and {Te(O,OH)6} octahedra with a net chemical composition of {TeCu3(O,OH)8}. Identical layers also occur in khinite (Cooper et al., 2008). Thus, the mineral is not an ortho-tellurate, as it does not contain distinct (TeO6) groups, as the formula might suggest.

Classification of Parakhinite

IMA status:Approved 1978
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/K.15-50
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.FD.30

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
D : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
Dana 7th edition ID:33.2.4.1
Dana 8th edition ID:33.2.4.1

33 : SELENATES AND TELLURATES
2 : (AB)m(XO6)·xH2O, where x can equal zero
Hey's CIM Ref.:28.4.9

28 : Selenites, Selenates, Tellurites, and Tellurates
4 : Tellurates
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Type Occurrence of Parakhinite

Type Locality:Emerald Mine, Silver Plume Mine (Emerald & Silver Plume Mine group), Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA
Year of Discovery:1978

Physical Properties of Parakhinite

Colour:Green

Crystallography of Parakhinite

Crystal System:Trigonal
Class (H-M):3 - Pyramidal
Space Group:P32
Cell Parameters:a = 5.765(2) Å, c = 18.001(9) Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 3.122
Unit Cell Volume:V 518 ų
Z:3

Optical Data of Parakhinite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 2.155 nε = 2.120
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.035

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High

Chemical Properties of Parakhinite

Formula:
Pb
2+
 
Cu
2+
3
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
Essential elements:Cu, H, O, Pb, Te
All elements listed in formula:Cu, H, O, Pb, Te

Relationship of Parakhinite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.FD.05Spertiniite
Cu(OH)
 
2
4.FD.10Bracewellite
CrO(OH)
4.FD.10Diaspore
AlO(OH)
4.FD.10Goethite
α-Fe
3+
 
O(OH)
4.FD.10Groutite
Mn
3+
 
O(OH)
4.FD.10Guyanaite
CrO(OH)
4.FD.10Montroseite
(V
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)O(OH)
4.FD.10Tsumgallite
GaO(OH)
4.FD.15Manganite
Mn
3+
 
O(OH)
4.FD.20Yttrotungstite-(Y)
YW
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
4.FD.20Yttrotungstite-(Ce)
(Ce,Nd,Y)W
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
4.FD.20Unnamed (Nd-analogue of Yttrotungstite-(Ce) )
(Nd,Ce, La)W
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
4.FD.25Frankhawthorneite
Cu
 
2
Te
6+
 
O
 
4
(OH)
 
2
4.FD.30Khinite
Pb
2+
 
Cu
2+
3
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
28.4.1Xocomecatlite
Cu
 
3
(TeO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
28.4.2Carlfriesite
CaTe
4+
2
Te
6+
 
O
 
8
28.4.3Yafsoanite
Ca
 
3
Zn
 
3
(TeO
 
6
)
 
2
28.4.4Tlalocite
Cu
 
10
Zn
 
6
(Te
6+
 
O
 
4
)
 
2
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)(OH)
 
25
Cl · 27H
 
2
O
28.4.5Oboyerite
H
 
6
(Pb,Ca)
 
6
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)
 
3
(Te
6+
 
O
 
6
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
28.4.6Schieffelinite
Pb
 
8
(TeO
 
4
)
 
5
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 8H
 
2
O
28.4.7Girdite
H
 
2
Pb
 
3
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)(Te
6+
 
O
 
6
)
28.4.8Khinite
Pb
2+
 
Cu
2+
3
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
28.4.10Dugganite
Pb
 
3
Zn
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(TeO
 
6
)
28.4.11Kuksite
Pb
 
3
Zn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(TeO
 
6
)
28.4.12Cheremnykhite
Pb
 
3
Zn
 
3
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
(TeO
 
6
)
28.4.13Tlapallite
H
 
6
(Ca,Pb)
 
2
(Cu,Zn)
 
3
(TeO
 
3
)
 
4
(TeO
 
6
)(SO
 
4
)
28.4.14Montanite
Bi
 
2
(TeO
 
6
) · 2H
 
2
O
28.4.15Kuranakhite
PbMn
4+
 
Te
6+
 
O
 
6
28.4.16Cuzticite
Fe
3+
2
(TeO
 
6
) · 3H
 
2
O
28.4.17Yecoraite
Fe
3+
3
Bi
 
5
(Te
6+
 
O
 
4
)
 
2
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)O
 
9
 · 9H
 
2
O

Other Names for Parakhinite

Synonyms:
IMA1978-036
Other Languages:
German:Parakhinit
Russian:Паракхинит
Spanish:Parakhinita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Parakhinite

Reference List:

- +
Williams, S.A. (1978), Khinite, parakhinite, and dugganite, three new tellurates from Tombstone, AZ, American Mineralogist: 63: 1016-1019.

American Mineralogist (1995): 80: 1077.

Canadian Mineralogist (1995): 33: 33-40.

Cooper, M.A., F.C. Hawthorne, & M.E. Back (2008): The crystal structure of khinite and polytypism in khinite and parakhinite. Mineralogical Magazine 72, 763-770.

Internet Links for Parakhinite

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    • Localities for Parakhinite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Tombstone Hills
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 209; Williams, S.A. (1978), Khinite, parakhinite, and dugganite, three new tellurates from Tombstone, Arizona, Am.Min.: 63: 1016-1019.
    Brent Thorne
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 267, 320; Williams, S.A. (1978), Khinite, parakhinite, and dugganite, three new tellurates from Tombstone, AZ, Am.Min.: 63: 1016-1019.; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 648–652, 2009
            • Silver Plume Mine (Emerald & Silver Plume Mine group)
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 428; Williams, S.A. (1978), Khinite, parakhinite and dugganite, three new tellurates from Tombstone, AZ, Am.Min.: 63: 1016-1019; Am.Min.: 80 (1995): 1077; Can.Min.: 33 (1995): 1016.
    • California
      • San Bernardino Co.
        • Baker
          • Otto Mountain
    		Christophe Boutry collection.
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