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Parwelite

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Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden
© Knut Eldjarn

Formula:
Mn
 
10
Sb
 
2
As
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
24
System:MonoclinicColour:Yellow-brown
Hardness:5½
This page provides mineralogical data about Parwelite.

Classification of Parwelite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.05-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BD.15

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4= 2:1
Dana 8th edition ID:44.3.3.1

44 : ANTIMONATES
3 : Miscellaneous
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.7.18

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
7 : Silicates with vanadate, arsenate or antimonate
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Type Occurrence of Parwelite

Type Locality:Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1967

Physical Properties of Parwelite

Lustre:Greasy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Yellow-brown
Hardness (Mohs):5½

Crystallography of Parwelite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 10.04Å, b = 19.41Å, c = 9.73Å
β = 95.83°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.517 : 1 : 0.501
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,886.34 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Parwelite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.850 nβ = 1.850 nγ = 1.880
2V:Measured: 27°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.030

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r > v strong

Chemical Properties of Parwelite

Formula:
Mn
 
10
Sb
 
2
As
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
24
Essential elements:As, Mn, O, Sb
All elements listed in formula:As, Mn, O, Sb, Si
Common Impurities:Fe,Pb,Ca

Relationship of Parwelite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.BD.05Cornubite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.05Cornwallite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.05Ludjibaite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.05Pseudomalachite
Cu
 
5
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.05Reichenbachite
Cu
 
5
[OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.10Arsenoclasite
Mn
2+
5
[(OH)
 
2
|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.10Gatehouseite
Mn
2+
5
[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BD.20Reppiaite
Mn
2+
5
[(OH)
 
2
|VO
 
4
]
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.7.1Suzukiite
BaVSi
 
2
O
 
7
17.7.2Franciscanite
Mn
3+
6
V
5+
0.5
[(O,OH)
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]
17.7.3Kurumsakite
(Zn,Ni,Cu)
 
8
Al
 
8
V
 
2
Si
 
5
O
 
35
·27H
 
2
O (or near)
17.7.4Ardennite-(As)
Mn
2+
4
[(Al,Mg)
 
6
][(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
4
,VO
 
4
)|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
|Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
17.7.5Medaite
(Mn,Ca)
 
6
(V,As)Si
 
5
O
 
18
OH
17.7.6Johninnesite
Na
 
2
Mg
 
5
Mn
 
12
As
 
2
Si
 
12
O
 
43
(OH)
 
6
17.7.7Tiragalloite
Mn
 
4
AsSi
 
3
O
 
12
(OH)
17.7.8Dixenite
CuMn
2+
14
Fe
2+
 
[(OH)
 
6
|(AsO
 
3
)
 
5
|AsO
 
4
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
17.7.9Asbecasite
Ca
 
3
(Ti,Sn
4+
 
)Be
 
2
[(AsO
 
3
)
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]
 
2
17.7.10Mcgovernite
(Mn,Mg,Zn)
 
273
As
3+
~12
As
5+
~30
Si
 
~42
O
 
324
(OH)
 
252
17.7.11Kraisslite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
24
Zn
 
4
[(OH)
 
12
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
4
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
8
]
17.7.12Schallerite
(Mn,Fe)
 
16
Si
 
12
As
 
3
O
 
36
(OH)
 
17
17.7.13Nelenite
(Mn,Fe)
 
16
Si
 
12
As
 
3
O
 
36
(OH)
 
17
17.7.14Kolicite
Mn
2+
7
Zn
 
4
[(OH)
 
8
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
17.7.15Yeatmanite
Mn
2+
7
Zn
 
8
Sb
5+
2
[O
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]
 
4
17.7.16Welshite
Ca
 
4
Mg
 
9
Sb
 
3
O
 
4
[Si
 
6
Be
 
3
AlFe
 
2
O
 
36
]
17.7.17Katoptrite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
13
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Sb
5+
2
[O
 
10
|SiO
 
4
]
 
2
17.7.19Långbanite
(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
4
(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
9
Sb
5+
 
[O
 
8
|SiO
 
4
]
 
2
17.7.20Chapmanite
Fe
3+
2
Sb
3+
 
[OH|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
17.7.21Cervandonite-(Ce)
(Ce,Nd,La)(Fe,Ti,Al)
 
3
SiAs(Si,As)O
 
13

Other Names for Parwelite

Synonyms:
IMA1966-023
Other Languages:
German:Parwelit
Russian:Парвелит
Spanish:Parwelita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Parwelite

Reference List:American Mineralogist (1970): 55: 323.

Inorganic Chemistry: 16: 1839-1847.

Bevan, D.J.M. & R.L.Martin, The role of the coordination defect: A new structural description of four fluorite-related sesquioxide minerals, bixbyite, braunite, braunite II, parwelite, and their structural relationships. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 181,2250-2259(2008)

Articles/Blogs about Parwelite

Internet Links for Parwelite

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    Localities for Parwelite

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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Arkiv Min.Geol.(1969) 4, 467-472; Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
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