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Pascoite

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Gypsum Valley District, San Miguel Co., Colorado, USA
© Antonio Borrelli

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Formula:
Ca
 
3
(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 17H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Dark red-orange to ...
Hardness:2½
Member of:Pascoite Group
Name:After the locality near Cerro de Pasco, Peru.


See also the closely related Magnesiopascoite.

A secondary mineral occurring as a leachate of near-surface vanadium oxides by ground waters and as efflorescences in mine tunnels.

Classification of Pascoite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/G.01-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.HC.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
H : V[5,6] Vanadates
C : [6]-Sorovanadates
Dana 8th edition ID:47.2.1.1

47 : VANADIUM OXYSALTS
2 : Anhydrous Vanadium Oxysalts Containing Hydroxyl or Halogen
Hey's CIM Ref.:21.2.8

21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
2 : Vanadates of Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba
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Type Occurrence of Pascoite

Type Locality:Ragra Mine (Minasragra), Huayllay district, Pasco province, Pasco department, Peru
General Appearance of Type Material:Efflorescences on mine tunnels
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: #1017012. U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA: #87662, 93297.
Year of Discovery:1914

Occurrences of Pascoite

Geological Setting:Near surface leaching of vanadium oxides by ground waters; post-mining efflorescences on mine tunnels.

Physical Properties of Pascoite

Lustre:Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Colour:Dark red-orange to yellow-orange; dirty yellow (upon partial dehydration).
Streak:Cadmium-yellow
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On {010}, distinct
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):2.455 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.465 g/cm3

Crystallography of Pascoite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2 - Sphenoidal
Space Group:B2 {B1 1 2} {C2} {C1 2 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 16.834Å, b = 10.156Å, c = 10.921Å
β = 93.13°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.658 : 1 : 1.075
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,864.34 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Crystals minute, lath-like with oblique terminations; {110} striated [001], and {111} striated [101]; granular crusts.

Optical Data of Pascoite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.775 nβ = 1.815 nγ = 1.825
2V:Measured: 50° to 56°, Calculated: 52°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.050

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r < v strong
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X = Light cadmium-yellow
Y = Cadmium yellow
Z = Orange

Chemical Properties of Pascoite

Formula:
Ca
 
3
(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 17H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Ca, H, O, V
All elements listed in formula:Ca, H, O, V

Relationship of Pascoite to other Species

Member of:Pascoite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Huemulite
Na
 
4
Mg(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 24H
 
2
O
Hummerite
K
 
2
Mg
 
2
(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 16H
 
2
O
Lasalite
Na
 
2
Mg
 
2
(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 20H
 
2
O
Magnesiopascoite
Ca
 
2
Mg(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 16H
 
2
O
Rakovanite
Na
 
3
(H
 
3
V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 15H
 
2
O
Common Associates:
Carnotite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.HC.05Lasalite
Na
 
2
Mg
 
2
(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 20H
 
2
O
4.HC.05Magnesiopascoite
Ca
 
2
Mg(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 16H
 
2
O
4.HC.10Hummerite
K
 
2
Mg
 
2
(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 16H
 
2
O
4.HC.15Sherwoodite
Ca
 
4.5
(AlV
4+
2
V
5+
12
O
 
40
) · 28H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
21.2.1Metarossite
Ca(V
 
2
O
 
6
) · 2H
 
2
O
21.2.2Rossite
Ca(V
 
2
O
 
6
) · 4H
 
2
O
21.2.3Metahewettite
CaV
 
6
O
 
16
 · 3H
 
2
O
21.2.4Hewettite
CaV
 
6
O
 
16
 · 9H
 
2
O
21.2.5Pintadoite
Ca
 
2
(V
 
2
O
 
7
) · 9H
 
2
O
21.2.6Hendersonite
(Ca,Sr)
 
1.3
V
 
6
O
 
16
 · 6H
 
2
O
21.2.7Fernandinite
(Ca,K)(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
8
O
 
20
 · 10H
 
2
O
21.2.9Sherwoodite
Ca
 
4.5
(AlV
4+
2
V
5+
12
O
 
40
) · 28H
 
2
O
21.2.10Melanovanadite
Ca
 
2
(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
)
 
4
O
 
10
 · 5H
 
2
O
21.2.11Grantsite
(Na,Ca)V
 
6
O
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
21.2.12Hummerite
K
 
2
Mg
 
2
(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 16H
 
2
O
21.2.13Metadelrioite
CaSr(V
 
2
O
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
21.2.14Delrioite
CaSr(V
 
2
O
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
21.2.15Straczekite
(Ca,K,Ba)(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
)
 
8
O
 
20
 · 3H
 
2
O
21.2.16Gamagarite
Ba
 
2
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)(VO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)

Other Names for Pascoite

Other Languages:
German:Pascoit
Russian:Паскоит
Simplified Chinese:橙钒钙石
Spanish:Pascoita

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in water.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Pascoite

Reference List:

- +
Hillebrand, Merwin and Wright (1914) Proceedings of the American Phlosophical Society: 53: 31.

Hillebrand, Merwin and Wright (1915) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 54: 226.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 1055-1056.

Weeks, A.D. and M.E. Thompson (1954) Identification and occurrence of uranium and vanadium minerals from the Colorado Plateaus. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1009-B, 54–55.

Traill, R.J. and A.P. Sabina (1960)
Catalogue of X-ray diffraction patterns and specimen mounts on file at the Geological Survey of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 60-4, 76–77.

Swallow, A.G., F.R. Ahmed, and W.H. Barnes (1966) The crystal structure of
pascoite, Ca3V10O28 •17H2O. Acta Crystallographica: (1966): A70: 21: 397-405.

Hughes, J.M., Schindler, M., Francis, C.A. (2005): The C2/m disordered structure of pascoite, Ca3[V10O28]•17H2O: bonding between structural units and interstitial complexes in compounds containing the [V10O28]6– decavanadate polyanion. Canadian Mineralogist, 43, 1379-1386.

Internet Links for Pascoite

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    • External Links:
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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Pascoite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Pascoite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
    		Josef Vajdak (2008) Mineral News, 24, #3, 15.
    Lapis 7-8/2003
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Ne
          • Graveglia Valley
            • Reppia
    		Balestra, C., Kolitsch, U., Blass, G., Callegari, A.M., Boiocchi, M., Armellino, G., Ciriotti, M.E., Ambrino, P., Bracco, R. (2009): Mineralogia ligure 2007-2008: novità caratterizzate dal Servizio UK dell’AMI. Micro (UK report), 1/2009, 78-99.
    Peru
     
    • Pasco department
      • Pasco province
        • Huayllay district
    		Hillebrand, Merwin and Wright (1914) Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society: 53, 31-54; Rocks & Minerals (1946): 21:355; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1056, 1060.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Devon
        • East Devon
          • Budleigh Salterton
    		[R.Tayler, pers.comm.]
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Apache Co.
        • Carrizo Mts (Carrizo Range)
    		Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 78.
        • Lukachukai Mts
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 323; Chenoweth, W.L. (1967), The uranium deposits of the Lukachukai Mountains, in New Mexico Geol. Soc. Guidebook 18th. Field Conf., Guidebook of Defiancee-Zuni-Mt. Taylor region, AZ & NM: 78-85; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 78; .
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 323; Chenoweth, W.L. (1967), The uranium deposits of the Lukachukai Mountains, in New Mexico Geol. Soc. Guidebook 18th. Field Conf., Guidebook of Defiancee-Zuni-Mt. Taylor region, AZ & NM: 78-85; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 78.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 323; Chenoweth, W.L. (1967), The uranium deposits of the Lukachukai Mountains, in New Mexico Geol. Soc. Guidebook 18th. Field Conf., Guidebook of Defiancee-Zuni-Mt. Taylor region, AZ & NM: 78-85; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 78.
        • Navajo Indian Reservation
          • Monument Valley
            • Monument No. 2 channel
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 323; Witkind, I.J. & R.E. Thaden (1963), Geology and uranium-vanadium deposits of the Monument Valley area, Apache and Navajo Cos., AZ: 117.
    • Colorado
      • Garfield Co.
        • East Rifle Creek area
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Mesa Co.
        • Beaver Mesa
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Montrose Co.
        • Uravan District
          • Bull Canyon
    		USGS Prof Paper 320
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
          • Paradox Valley
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.; USGS Bull 1042F
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Dana 7:I:602.
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Gypsum Valley District
    		Amended Technical Report on Energy Fuels Resources Corporation’s Willhunt Property
        • Lower San Miguel District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
        • Slick Rock District
          • Bull Pen Canyon
    		Rocks & Minerals 80:5 pp358-359
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Min News (1987) 3:9 p 5-6
        • Uravan District
          • Carnation Mine group
    		Excalibur Mineral Co. sample and analysis
    Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
    • Nevada
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Potosi District
          • Adam Peak
            • Getchell Mine
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Cibola Co.
        • Grants District
          • Poison Canyon Area
    		NMBMMR Memoir 38 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region 1979
      • McKinley Co.
        • Gallup District
          • Church Rock area
    		NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
      • San Juan Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. Rev. Ed., 1996
          • Eastside mines
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • South Dakota
      • Fall River Co.
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    • Utah
      • Emery Co.
        • San Rafael District (San Rafael Swell)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; DANA R. KELLEY AND PAUL F. KERR (1958) URANO-ORGANIC ORE AT TEMPLE MOUNTAIN, UTAH. BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA VOL. 69. PP. 701-756.
            • North Mesa Mine group
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Garfield Co.
        • Henry Mts
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Grand Co.
        • Polar Mesa District (Polar Mesa)
    		Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
        • Thompsons District (S. E. Thomsons)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Yellow Cat District (W. part of Thompsons District)
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • San Juan Co.
        • Big Indian District (Big Indian Wash - Lisbon Valley Area)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • Cottonwood Canyon District (N. of Bluff)
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • La Sal Quadrangle
    		Can. Min. (2001) 39, 6, 1691-1700
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • Montezuma Canyon
          • Coal Bed Canyon Group
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • Paradox Valley
          • Paradox Valley District
            • La Sal Creek Canyon
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