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Penikisite

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Rapid Creek, Dawson Mining District, Yukon Territory, Canada
© Knut Eldjarn

Show Penikisite Photos (3)



Formula:
Ba(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Ca)
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
System:MonoclinicColour:Blue
Hardness:4
Member of:Bjarebyite Group
Name:After Gunar Penikis (1936-1979), geophysicist and prospector of Ross River, Yukon Territory, one of the early explorers (1974-1975) in partnership with A. Kulan of the Rapid Creek area localities.


Kulanite-Penikisite Series.

Classification of Penikisite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.29-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BH.20

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1
Dana 8th edition ID:41.9.1.2

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
9 : (AB)5(XO4)3Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.5.11

19 : Phosphates
5 : Phosphates of Sr and Ba
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Type Occurrence of Penikisite

Type Locality:Rapid Creek, Dawson Mining District, Yukon Territory, Canada
Year of Discovery:1977

Physical Properties of Penikisite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Blue
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):4

Crystallography of Penikisite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:P21/m {P1 1 21/m} {P21/m} {P1 21/m 1}
Space Group Setting:P21/m
Cell Parameters:a = 8.9577(4) Å, b = 12.0150(5) Å, c = 4.9070(2) Å
β = 100.505(2)°, γ = °
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.746 : 1 : 0.408
Unit Cell Volume:V 519.37 ų
Z:2

Optical Data of Penikisite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.684 nβ = 1.688 nγ = 1.705
2V:Measured: 52° to 56°, Calculated: 54°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.021

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r > v

Chemical Properties of Penikisite

Formula:
Ba(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Ca)
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
Essential elements:Al, Ba, H, Mg, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, H, Mg, O, P

Relationship of Penikisite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Kulanite (see here)
Member of:Bjarebyite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Bjarebyite
(Ba,Sr)(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
Johntomaite
BaFe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
Kulanite
Ba(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
Perloffite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.BH.05Thadeuite
Ca(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
8.BH.10Durangite
NaAl(AsO
 
4
)F
8.BH.10Isokite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)F
8.BH.10Lacroixite
NaAl(PO
 
4
)F
8.BH.10Maxwellite
NaFe
3+
 
(AsO
 
4
)F
8.BH.10Panasqueiraite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)(OH,F)
8.BH.10Tilasite
CaMg(AsO
 
4
)F
8.BH.15Drugmanite
Pb(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.20Bjarebyite
(Ba,Sr)(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.20Cirrolite
Ca
 
3
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
 (?)
8.BH.20Kulanite
Ba(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.20Perloffite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.20Johntomaite
BaFe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.25Bertossaite
(Li,Na)
 
2
(Ca,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
4
8.BH.25Palermoite
(Li,Na)
 
2
(Sr,Ca)Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
4
8.BH.30Carminite
PbFe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.30Sewardite
CaFe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.35Adelite
CaMg(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Arsendescloizite
PbZn(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Austinite
CaZn(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Cobaltaustinite
CaCo(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Conichalcite
CaCu(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Duftite
PbCu(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Gabrielsonite
PbFe(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Nickelaustinite
Ca(Ni,Zn)(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Tangeite
CaCu(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Gottlobite
CaMg(VO
 
4
,AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Hermannroseite
CaCu(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.40Čechite
Pb(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.40Descloizite
Pb(Zn,Cu)(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.40Mottramite
PbCu(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.40Pyrobelonite
PbMn
2+
 
(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.45Bayldonite
PbCu
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.45Vésigniéite
BaCu
 
3
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.50Paganoite
NiBi(AsO
 
4
)O
8.BH.55Jagowerite
BaAl
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.55Carlgieseckeite-(Nd)
NaNdCa
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BH.60Attakolite
(Ca,Sr)Mn(Al,Fe)
 
4
(HPO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
3
(SiO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
8.BH.65Leningradite
PbCu
 
3
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
Cl
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
19.5.1Strontiowhitlockite
Sr
 
9
Mg(PO
 
4
)
 
6
(HPO
 
4
)
19.5.2Belovite-(Ce)
NaCeSr
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
19.5.3Goyazite
SrAl
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
5
 · H
 
2
O
19.5.4Goedkenite
(Sr,Ca)
 
2
Al(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
19.5.5Palermoite
(Li,Na)
 
2
(Sr,Ca)Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
4
19.5.6Nabaphite
NaBaPO
 
4
 · 9H
 
2
O
19.5.7Olgite
(Sr,Ba)(Na,Sr,REE)
 
2
Na(PO
 
4
)
 
2
19.5.8Nastrophite
Na(Sr,Ba)PO
 
4
 · 9H
 
2
O
19.5.9Jagowerite
BaAl
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
19.5.10Gorceixite
BaAl
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
5
 · H
 
2
O
19.5.12Curetonite
Ba
 
4
Al
 
3
Ti(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(O,OH)
 
6
19.5.13Bjarebyite
(Ba,Sr)(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
19.5.14Kulanite
Ba(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
19.5.15Perloffite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3

Other Names for Penikisite

Synonyms:
IMA1976-023
Other Languages:
German:Penikisit
Spanish:Penikisita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Penikisite

Reference List:

- +
MANDARINO, J.A., STURMAN, B.D. & CORLETT, M.I. (1977): Penikisite, the magnesium analogue of kulanite, from the Yukon Territory, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist 15, 393-395.

MANDARINO, J.A., STURMAN, B.D. & CORLETT, M.I. (1977): Penikisite, the magnesium analogue of kulanite, from Yukon Territory. Can. Mineral. 15, 393-395.

ROBINSON, G.W., VAN VELTHUIZEN, J., ANSELL, H.G. & STURMAN, B.D. (1992): Mineralogy of the Rapid Creek and Big Fish River area Yukon Territory. Mineralogical Record 23, 1-47.

Bowman, M.G., R.T. Downs, and H. Yang (2013: Penikisite, BaMg2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3, isostructiral with bjarebyite. Acta Crystalographica E69, i4-i5.

Internet Links for Penikisite

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    • Localities for Penikisite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Canada
     
    • Yukon Territory
      • Dawson Mining District
    		ROBINSON, G.W., VAN VELTHUIZEN, J., ANSELL, H.G. & STURMAN, B.D. (1992): Mineralogy of the Rapid Creek and Big Fish River area Yukon Territory. Mineralogical Record 23, 1-47.
    MANDARINO, J.A., STURMAN, B.D. & CORLETT, M.I. (1977): Penikisite, the magnesium analogue of kulanite, from Yukon Territory. Can. Mineral. 15, 393-395. ROBINSON, G.W., VAN VELTHUIZEN, J., ANSELL, H.G. & STURMAN, B.D. (1992): Mineralogy of the Rapid Creek and Big Fish River area Yukon Territory. Mineralogical Record 23, 1-47.
      • Mayo Mining District
    		M. Mauthner (collection)
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